Total synthesis of fuzinoside

The first total syntheses of fuzinoside (1b) were achieved from d-galactose through two strategies (BCA and ABC) in 11 (total yield: 5.0%) and 15 (total yield: 3.7%) steps, respectively. Comparison of NMR data of synthetic compound 1b and those of the fuzinoside isolated from the lateral roots of Aconitum carmicaelii suggests that the structure reported in the literature ^1 and 2 might not be accurate. The synthetic fuzinoside (1b) exhibited moderate cardiac activity in the isolated bullfrog heart assay.     

Amorphous Carbon Film with Self-modified Carbon Nanoparticles Synthesized by Low Temperature Carbonization of Phenolic Resin for Simultaneous Sensing of Dopamine and Uric Acid

A self-modified film electrode consisting of homogeneous snowflake-shaped nanoparticles on the amorphous carbon substrate (HNAC) was prepared by low temperature carbonization of phenolic resin. Such a unique structure was beneficial to enhance the electroanalysis signal responds. Simultaneous detection of DA and UA was performed on the HNAC using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) at pH 8 phosphate buffer. The well-defined oxidation peak potential separation reached 260 mV between DA and UA. Meanwhile, the detection limit of HNAC were 0.401 μM (DA) and 2.800 μM (UA).     

Analysis of nitrobenzene compounds in water and soil samples by graphene composite-based solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

In this work, solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry was developed to determine trace levels of nitrobenzene compounds in water and soil samples. Graphene was chosen as the extraction material and its composite was coated on a stainless steel wire through sol–gel technique for the solid phase microextraction. The key parameters influencing the extraction efficiency were optimized. Under the optimal conditions, the linearity for the compounds was observed in the range of 0.02–15.0 mg/L for water samples, and 0.2–60.0 mg/kg for soil samples, with the correlation coefficients（r） of 0.9966–0.9987. The limits of detection of the method were 0.0025–0.005 mg/L for water samples, and 0.02–0.04 mg/kg for soil samples. The recoveries for the spiked samples were in the range of 72.0%–113.2%, and the precision, expressed as the relative standard deviations, was less than 12.1%.     

Unraveling the Impact of Gold(I)–Thiolate Motifs on the Aggregation‐Induced Emission of Gold Nanoclusters

Aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) provides an efficient strategy to synthesize highly luminescent metal nanoclusters (NCs), however, rational control of emission energy and intensity of metal NCs is still challenging. This communication reveals the impact of surface Au^I‐thiolate motifs on the AIE properties of Au NCs, by employing a series of water‐soluble glutathione (GSH)‐coordinated Au complexes and NCs as a model ([Au₁₀SR₁₀], [Au₁₅SR₁₃], [Au₁₈SR₁₄], and [Au₂₅SR₁₈]^?, SR=thiolate ligand). Spectroscopic investigations show that the emission wavelength of Au NCs is adjustable from visible to the near‐infrared II (NIR‐II) region by controlling the length of the Au^I‐SR motifs on the NC surface. Decreasing the length of Au^I‐SR motifs also changes the origin of cluster luminescence from AIE‐type phosphorescence to Au⁰‐core‐dictated fluorescence. This effect becomes more prominent when the degree of aggregation of Au NCs increases in solution.     

Nonlinear vibration isolation via an innovative active bionic variable stiffness adapter (ABVSA)

Nonlinear Dynamics - During the process of spacecraft launch, the extreme vibration environment is the major influence factor that induces the failure of the mission. Inspired by the smooth motions...     

Direct Dynamic Evidence of Charge Separation in a Dye‐Sensitized Solar Cell Obtained under Operando Conditions by Raman Spectroscopy

Interfaces play an important role in enhancing the energy conversion performance of dye‐sensitized solar cells (DSCs). The interface effects have been studied by many techniques, but most of the studies only focused on one part of a DSC, rather than on a complete solar cell. Hence, monitoring the interface evolution of a DSC is still very challenging. Here, in situ/operando resonance Raman (RR) spectroscopic analyses were carried out to monitor the dynamics of the photovoltaic conversion processes in a DSC. We observed the creation of new species (i.e., polyiodide and iodine aggregates) in the photosensitization process. We also obtained molecular‐scale dynamic evidence that the bands from the C=C and C=N bonds of 2,2′‐bipyridyl (bpy), the S=C=N bonds of the NCS ligand, and photochemical products undergo reasonably strong intensity and frequency changes, which clearly demonstrates that they are involved in charge separation. Furthermore, RR spectroscopy can also be used to quickly evaluate the performance of DSCs.     

巯基乙酸锑(Ⅲ)配合物合成与晶体结构

以三氧化二锑和巯基乙酸在水溶液中反应合成了配合物HSb(SCH2COO)2,并通过元素分析、红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射进行了表征,利用单晶X射线四圆衍射法测定了晶体结构,结果表明该配合物晶体属于单斜晶系,C2/c空间群,晶胞参数为:a=1.40005(8)nm,b=1.19121(8)nm,c=1.23588(8)nm,β=126.822(1)°,V=1.6499(2)nm^3,Dc=2.439g·cm^-3,Z=8,R1=0.0250。并对X射线粉末衍射数据进行了指标化,其结果与单晶数据吻合。     

Laser-induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy of CoS： Identification of a New Excited State Arising from the Ground State

Laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectra and dispersed fluorescence spectra of cobalt sulfide （COS） have been recorded in the energy range of 22400-24400 cm-1 （corresponding to 446-409 nm）. A new electronic transition progression with six vibronic bands, stemming from the X4AT/2 state of CoS, was identified and assigned to be [24.0014AT/2-X4A7/2. The new observed 4A state most probably originates from the core[10a2][47r3][lla2][153][57r3] electronic configuration. Strong perturbations are found to extensively exist in the transition bands of this new state. The rotational constants and lifetimes of these bands have been determined.     

Automatic Search Dense Connection Module for Super-Resolution

The development of display technology has continuously increased the requirements for image resolution. However, the imaging systems of many cameras are limited by their physical conditions, and the image resolution is often restrictive. Recently, several models based on deep convolutional neural network (CNN) have gained significant performance for image super-resolution (SR), while extensive memory consumption and computation overhead hinder practical applications. For this purpose, we present a lightweight network that automatically searches dense connection (ASDCN) for image super-resolution (SR), which effectively reduces redundancy in dense connection and focuses on more valuable features. We employ neural architecture search (NAS) to model the searching of dense connections. Qualitative and quantitative experiments on five public datasets show that our derived model achieves superior performance over the state-of-the-art models.     

离散颗粒层被横向推移过程中的力学行为研究

研究发现,颗粒物质层被匀速推移挤压过程中,所需推移力先以线性规律增加,在某一确定点后,则会以指数规律增加.而颗粒物质是由众多离散颗粒组成的软凝聚态物质,其宏观上反映的是离散颗粒的个体性质和凝聚态物质的集体效应.颗粒与颗粒之间以及颗粒与边界之间的细观尺度接触力链的构成以及演变规律将会直接影响各种宏观受力情况,其摩擦力与挤压力便是力链的主要构成形式.围绕着定量描述细观力链特征,从而揭示力的变化规律这一目标,采用计算机模拟的方法,依照球形颗粒Hertz法向接触理论和Mindlin-Deresiewicz切向接触理论,对重力作用下不同数目的三维等径球体颗粒层的推移情况进行了离散元仿真模拟,量化分析了推移力变化规律、各摩擦力变化规律以及力链分布规律,发现摩擦力与挤压力在颗粒堆积的不同阶段对力链的构成起到了不同的主次作用,使得力链发生强弱演变,从而发现了推移颗粒物质层时推移力的变化规律及原因.这些结果有利于从力链角度揭示颗粒内部和颗粒与各边界之间的受力情况.