Model‐based design and synthesis of gradient MMA/tBMA copolymers by computer‐programmed semibatch atom transfer radical copolymerization

Methyl methacrylate (MMA)/tert‐butyl methacrylate (tBMA) gradient copolymers having linear and hyperbolic composition profiles were synthesized. These special copolymer products were achieved via a model‐based computer‐controlled semibatch atom transfer radical copolymerization (ATRcoP) process. A simple ATRcoP model was developed based on the terminal model. The equilibrium constants in the ATRP of MMA and tBMA were estimated by the data correlation. The model was verified by batch experiments and was found to give good correlation for the polymerization rate, molecular weight, and copolymer composition data. The model coupled with a reactor model was then applied to the semibatch ATRcoP and was used to calculate comonomer feeding rates for the targeted gradient composition profiles. It was found that the experimental monomer conversion, molecular weight, and cumulative copolymer composition were in good agreement with their targeted theoretical values. The gradient copolymers had low polydispersities close to 1.1. This work demonstrated the feasibility of the model‐based semibatch ATRcoP in fine‐tuning gradient copolymer composition profiles. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 47: 69–79, 2009     

单支方法的收敛性

本文讨论用单支方法数值求解一类多刚性时滞微分代数方程的收敛性。我们获得了A－稳定的且p阶经典相容的单支方法（时滞部分用线性插值）的整体误差估计。     

Synthesis of new chiral 1,2,3,4-tertrahydroisoquinoline β-amino alcohol for asymmetric diethylzinc addition to aryl aldehydes(Ⅰ)

Four new chiral 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-derived β-amino alcohols were synthesized from commercially available L-DOPA. These ligands were evaluated in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to benzaldehydes and showed different catalytic activities(up to 86%ee).The solvent played an important role in the enantioselective process.The transition state models were proposed to explain the reversion of the product configuration.     

Widely and continuously tunable optical parametric generator based on MgO-doped periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal

A widely and continuously tunable optical parametric generator (OPG) pumped by a 1064-nm acoustooptically Q-switched diode-end-pumped Nd:YAG laser based on MgO-doped periodically poled LiNbO3 crystal with a multigrating structure (29.2-30.4 μm) is reported.A broad continuous signal spectrum of 1513-1700 nm is obtained by changing the crystal grating periods from 29.2 to 30.4μm and by tuning the crystal temperature from 30 to 180 ℃ simultaneously.When the average pump power is 1.82 W with pulse duration of about 70 ns operating at a repetition rate of 10 kHz,the maximum signal output power of the periodically poled MgO-doped lithium niobate (PPMgLN) OPG is about 210 mW corresponding to the idler and total powers of 118.4 and 328.4 mW respectively.     

Refined Composite Multi-Scale Reverse Weighted Permutation Entropy and Its Applications in Ship-Radiated Noise

Ship-radiated noise is one of the important signal types under the complex ocean background, which can well reflect physical properties of ships. As one of the valid measures to characterize the complexity of ship-radiated noise, permutation entropy (PE) has the advantages of high efficiency and simple calculation. However, PE has the problems of missing amplitude information and single scale. To address the two drawbacks, refined composite multi-scale reverse weighted PE (RCMRWPE), as a novel measurement technology of describing the signal complexity, is put forward based on refined composite multi-scale processing (RCMP) and reverse weighted PE (RWPE). RCMP is an improved method of coarse-graining, which not only solves the problem of single scale, but also improves the stability of traditional coarse-graining; RWPE has been proposed more recently, and has better inter-class separability and robustness performance to noise than PE, weighted PE (WPE), and reverse PE (RPE). Additionally, a feature extraction scheme of ship-radiated noise is proposed based on RCMRWPE, furthermore, RCMRWPE is combined with discriminant analysis classifier (DAC) to form a new classification method. After that, a large number of comparative experiments of feature extraction schemes and classification methods with two artificial random signals and six ship-radiated noise are carried out, which show that the proposed feature extraction scheme has better performance in distinguishing ability and stability than the other three similar feature extraction schemes based on multi-scale PE (MPE), multi-scale WPE (MWPE), and multi-scale RPE (MRPE), and the proposed classification method also has the highest recognition rate.     

Experimental Demonstration of Efficient Coherent Combining of 19 Fiber Lasers By Adaptive Gain Coefficient SPGD Algorithm

Journal of Russian Laser Research - The fiber laser coherent combining system with tiled aperture structure is an effective method to obtain a high-brightness laser. To realize the high-efficiency...     

大口径氘化磷酸二氢钾晶体离线亚纳秒激光预处理技术

大口径氘化磷酸二氢钾(DKDP)晶体抗激光损伤性能偏低严重地制约着大型高功率激光装置输出水平.本研究利用离线亚纳秒激光预处理技术有效地提升了大口径DKDP晶体抗激光损伤性能.实际使用情况表明,采用离线亚纳秒激光预处理后,DKDP晶体在9 J/cm²激光通量辐照下的表面平均损伤密度得到大幅下降,由未处理前的5.02 pp/cm²(1pp表示1个百分点)降至0.55 pp/cm²,降幅为一个数量级.同时,激光预处理对晶体损伤尺寸具有一定的抑制作用,预处理后晶体损伤点尺寸分布曲线向尺寸减小的方向平移,尺寸分布峰值由预处理前的25μm降至预处理后的18—20μm.     

LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3界面增强光伏效应

探索LaAlO_3/SrTiO_3(LAO/STO)界面产生的新奇物理特性对理解关联电子系统中多自由度耦合和设计功能材料器件具有重要的价值.本文通过脉冲激光沉积方法在SrTiO_3基底上制备了LAO/STO薄膜,研究了正面照射LAO/STO膜面和侧面照射LAO/STO界面时的光伏效应,探讨了LAO/STO界面对光伏效应的影响.研究结果表明,在同样光照能量下侧面照射LAO/STO界面产生的光电压远高于正面照射LAO/STO膜面产生的光电压,说明LAO/STO界面对光伏效应有明显的增强作用.通过偏压调控可以进一步增强照射LAO/STO界面产生的光电压,当偏压为60 V时, LAO/STO样品的位置探测灵敏度达到了36.8 mV/mm.这些研究结果为设计场调控位置敏感探测器等新型光电子器件提供了新的思路.     

纵磁作用下真空电弧单阴极斑点等离子体射流三维混合模拟

真空电弧的特性直接受到从阴极斑点喷射出的等离子体射流的影响,对等离子体射流进行数值仿真有助于我们深入了解真空电弧的内部物理机制.然而,磁流体动力学和粒子云网格仿真方法受限于计算精度和计算效率的原因,无法有效地应用于真空电弧等离子体射流仿真模拟.本文开发了一套三维等离子体混合模拟算法,并在此基础上建立了真空电弧单阴极斑点射流仿真模型,模型中将离子作宏粒子考虑,而电子作无质量流体处理,仿真计算了自生电磁场与外施纵向磁场作用下等离子体的分布运动状态.仿真结果表明,单个阴极斑点情况下真空等离子体射流在离开阴极斑点后扩散至极板间,其整体几何形状为圆锥形,离子密度从阴极到阳极快速下降.外施纵向磁场会压缩等离子体,使得等离子体射流径向的扩散减少并且轴线上的离子密度升高.随着外施纵向磁场的增大,其对等离子体射流的压缩效应增强,表现为等离子体射流的扩散角度逐渐减小.此外,外施纵向磁场对等离子体射流的影响也受到电弧电流大小的影响,压缩效应随电弧电流的增加而逐渐减弱.     

用C8051F120单片机实现激光陀螺小抖动稳频

介绍了C8051F120单片机的主要性能特点及其在激光陀螺稳频控制器中的应用.利用单片机定时器2的输出功能实现了激光陀螺的小抖动稳频.给出了该控制器的硬件结构和软件结构,并对实验数据和结果进行了分析.结果表明:该控制器在有效减小系统体积的情况下基本达到了预期的要求.