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51.
In this paper, we discuss the dynamic behavior of networks of dynamic agents with general communication topologies. We first analyze the basic case: systems with communication topologies that have spanning trees, i.e., the systems that solve consensus problems. We establish an algebraic condition to characterize each agent's contributions to the final state. And we also study the influence of time-delays on each agent's contributions. Then, we investigate the general case: systems with weakly connected topologies. By using matrix theory, we prove that the states of internal agents will converge to a convex combination of boundary agents in the absence or presence of communication time-delays, and we also show that the coefficients of the convex combination are independent of time-delays even if the delays are time-varying. These results have broad applications in other areas, e.g., study of swarm behavior, formation control of vehicles, etc. 相似文献
52.
We give a Euclidean wormhole solution in the vacuum Bergmann-Wagoner scalar-tensor gravitational theory. We show that this wormhole, unlike others, has complex charge and is a baby universe (half a wormhole). 相似文献
53.
54.
55.
Bortoletto D Goldberg M Horwitz N Mestayer MD Moneti GC Sharma V Shipsey IP Skwarnicki T Csorna SE Letson T Brock IC Ferguson T Artuso M Bebek C Berkelman K Blucher E Byrd J Cassel DG Cheu E Coffman DM Crawford G DeSalvo R DeWire JW Drell PS Ehrlich R Galik RS Gittelman B Gray SW Halling AM Hartill DL Heltsley BK Kandaswamy J Kowalewski R Kreinick DL Kubota Y Lewis JD Mistry NB Mueller J Namjoshi R Nandi S Nordberg E O'Grady C Peterson D Pisharody M Riley D Sapper M Silverman A Stone S Worden H 《Physical review letters》1989,62(21):2436-2439
56.
XinMeiZHENG YanXingQI XiaoMingZHANG JiShuanSUO 《中国化学快报》2004,15(6):655-658
Jacobsen‘s catalyst was immobilized onto SBA-15 by multi-step grafting, and this heterogenized catalyst exhibited comparable catalytic performance with the corresponding homogeneous counterpart for the epoxidation of alkenes, and the catalyst could be recycled effectively several times. 相似文献
57.
超低温快速冷冻固定以极高的冷冻速率(10000K/s)对生物组织进行物理固定,可使生物组织结构、组织内可溶性离子及游离性物质得到保存,使被固定后的生物组织保持最接近于原自然状态,这种样品制备方法大大优于化学制备法,因而在X-射线微分析及免疫细胞化学中得到广泛应用。生物样品超低温快速冷冻后,利用冷冻置换法,在低温下将生物组织内的结晶水缓慢置换出来,而后常规包埋切片,可获得理想的组织结构及组织内待分析成分。本文应用超低温快速冷冻固定技术及冷冻置换法对大鼠肾皮质部的快速冷冻固定及损伤进行探讨。 相似文献
58.
A novel method for preparing silver nanoelectrode ensembles(SNEEs) and gold nanoelectrode ensembles (GNEEs) has been developed. Silver colloid particles were first absorbed to the gold electrode surface to form a monolayer silver colloid. N-hexadecyl nercaptan was then assembled on the electrode to form a thoil monolayer on which hydrophilic ions cannot be transfered. The SNEEs was prepared by removing thiol from silver colloid surface through applying and AC voltage with increasing frequency at 0.20V(vs.SCE). Finally,GNEEs was obtained by immersing a SNEEs into 6 mol/L HNO3 to remove the silver colloid particles. By comparison with other methods such as template method ect., this method enjoys some advantages of lower resistance, same diameter,easy preparation,controllable size and density. 相似文献
59.
Effects of sugar inhibition on cellulases and β-glucosidase during enzymatic hydrolysis of softwood substrates 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Zhizhuang Xiao Xiao Zhang David J. Gregg John N. Saddler 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2004,115(1-3):1115-1126
A quantitative approach was taken to determine the inhibition effects of glucose and other sugar monomers during cellulase
and β-Glucosidase hydrolysis of two types of cellulosic material: Avicel and acetic acid-pretreated softwood. The increased
glucose content in the hydrolysate resulted in a dramatic increase in the degrees of inhibition on both β-Glucosidase and
cellulase activities. Supplementation of mannose, xylose, and galactose during cellobiose hydrolysis did not show any inhibitory
effects on β-Glucosidase activity. However, these sugars were shown to have significant inhibitory effects on cellulase activity
during cellulose hydrolysis. Our study suggests that high-substrate consistency hydrolysis with supplementation of hemicellulose
is likely to be a practical solution to minimizing end-product inhibition effects while producing hydrolysate with high glucose
concentration. 相似文献
60.
简便快速的硫化氢测定法 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
本文提出了有一种简易快速测定剂来测定水样中的硫化氢的方法。该法的检出限为0.1mg/L,对1.01mg/L的H2S样品7次测定的相对标准偏差<4.1%,1h能测定12个样品。用本测定了几种水样中的H2S含量,回收率为84%-105%。应用它可上标准法的4h左右缩短到5min;使分析成本降低9/10;不需配制一系列分析试剂和仪器,只需一支小型塑料管和几片药片,便于渔业水质和环境水质的野外现场监测。 相似文献