同步辐射讲座第一讲 同步辐射XAFS实验站及其应用

介绍了北京和合肥同步辐射XAFS实验站的性能参数和结构, 及在物理，化学，材料和生命科学等研究领域的应用，便于国内广大用户更好地利用其开展高质量的研究工作。     

Patterned nucleation control in vacuum deposition of organic molecules

We report a generally applicable method to pattern organic molecules on mesoscopic scales. In our method, organic molecular beam deposition was conducted on substrate surfaces prepatterned with materials to which the organic molecules have larger binding energies in comparison to the substrate. Fully uniform nucleation control at these predefined locations can be achieved by an appropriate selection of the growth parameters including temperature and deposition rate. The physical mechanisms involved are studied by Monte Carlo simulations and stand in good agreement with the experimental findings.     

Study on measurement of linear electro-optic coefficient of a minute irregular octahedron cBN wafer

The cubic boron nitride (cBN) is a kind of artificial electro-optic (EO) crystal, and we have not found any relative reports so far. Because the artificial synthetic cBN wafers are very small and hard, the wafers cannot be cut into rectangular slabs. The polarizer-sample-λ/4 retardation plate (compensator)-analyzer (PSCA) transverse EO modulator has to be adjusted to the minute irregular octahedron of cBN wafers. When the applied voltage is along [1 1 1] direction of the wafer, due to refraction, the angle between the incident beam direction and the (1 1 1) plane (top or bottom plane) of the wafer should be 25.4°, and the angle between the polarization direction of the polarizer and the plane of incidence should be 50.8° by calculation, respectively. The half-wave voltage of the cBN sample was obtained for the first time, by means of detection of the output optic signals from the modulator with and without an applied electric field on the sample, respectively. Furthermore, the linear EO coefficient was obtained, . The analysis of the experimental resulting error was carried out.     

耦合时空混沌的模糊混沌神经网络鲁棒自适应控制

将模糊逻辑系统和混沌神经网络结合起来,利用模糊逻辑系统的逼近能力和混沌神经网络的时空混沌行为,对模型未知的耦合时空混沌系统提出了一种模糊混沌神经网络自适应控制方案;同时考虑系统扰动、未建模动态特性和建模误差的影响,设计自适应补偿器,增强时空混沌系统控制的鲁棒性;并用Laypunov方法证明了该方案的稳定性;仿真验证了方案的有效性和鲁棒性。     

发光可调Au:ZnCdS合金量子点的水相合成

以巯基丙酸作为配体,在水溶液中合成了发光位置在495~583 nm可调的Au∶Zn Cd S合金量子点,研究了掺杂含量、Zn/Cd比和p H等对量子点光学性质的影响。对预提纯的Au∶Zn Cd S核量子点进行Zn S包覆,量子点表面的缺陷被有效去除,发光效率明显提高。利用X-射线粉末衍射、透射电子显微镜对其结构和形貌进行了表征。     

Fabrication of Nb2O5/C nanocomposites as a high performance anode for lithium ion battery

Nb₂O₅/C nanosheets are successfully prepared through a mixing process and followed by heating treatment.Such Nb₂O₅/C based electrode exhibits high rate performance and remarkable cycling ability, showing a high and stable specific capacity of ~380 mAh g^-1 at the current density of 50 mA g^-1(much higher than the theoretical capacity of Nb₂O₅).Further more,at a current density of 500 mA g^-1,the nanocomposites electrode still exhibits a specific capacity of above 150 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles.These results suggest the Nb₂O₅/C nanocomposite is a high performance anode material for lithium-ion batteries.     

Conjugated polymers containing B←N unit as electron acceptors for all-polymer solar cells

Polymer electron acceptors are the key materials in all-polymer solar cells(all-PSCs).In this review,we focused on introducing the principle of boron-nitrogen coordination bond(B←N),and summarizing our recent research on polymer electron acceptors containing B←N unit for efficient all-PSC devices.Two approaches have been reported to design polymer electron acceptors using B←N unit.One is to replace a C-C unit by a B←N unit in conjugated polymers to transform a polymer electron donor to a polymer electron acceptor.The other approach is to construct novel electron-deficient building block based on B←N unit for polymer electron acceptors.The polymer electron acceptors containing B←N unit showed tunable lowest unoccupied molecular orbital(LUMO) energy levels and exhibited excellent all-PSC device performance with power conversion efficiency of exceeding6%.These results indicate that organic boron chemistry is a new toolbox to develop functional polymer materials for optoelectronic device applications.