全文获取类型
收费全文 | 30427篇 |
免费 | 6494篇 |
国内免费 | 9330篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 23192篇 |
晶体学 | 1260篇 |
力学 | 1986篇 |
综合类 | 1019篇 |
数学 | 4268篇 |
物理学 | 14526篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 79篇 |
2023年 | 412篇 |
2022年 | 1085篇 |
2021年 | 1201篇 |
2020年 | 1245篇 |
2019年 | 1215篇 |
2018年 | 1068篇 |
2017年 | 1334篇 |
2016年 | 1289篇 |
2015年 | 1665篇 |
2014年 | 1972篇 |
2013年 | 2608篇 |
2012年 | 2735篇 |
2011年 | 2901篇 |
2010年 | 2520篇 |
2009年 | 2581篇 |
2008年 | 2993篇 |
2007年 | 2515篇 |
2006年 | 2379篇 |
2005年 | 1954篇 |
2004年 | 1603篇 |
2003年 | 1179篇 |
2002年 | 1071篇 |
2001年 | 1099篇 |
2000年 | 1144篇 |
1999年 | 759篇 |
1998年 | 430篇 |
1997年 | 333篇 |
1996年 | 380篇 |
1995年 | 320篇 |
1994年 | 300篇 |
1993年 | 283篇 |
1992年 | 228篇 |
1991年 | 190篇 |
1990年 | 175篇 |
1989年 | 180篇 |
1988年 | 142篇 |
1987年 | 115篇 |
1986年 | 107篇 |
1985年 | 67篇 |
1984年 | 80篇 |
1983年 | 76篇 |
1982年 | 64篇 |
1981年 | 49篇 |
1980年 | 35篇 |
1979年 | 29篇 |
1978年 | 14篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 8篇 |
1959年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
961.
Inside Cover: High‐Nuclear Organometallic Copper(I)–Alkynide Clusters: Thermochromic Near‐Infrared Luminescence and Solution Stability (Chem. Eur. J. 49/2016) 下载免费PDF全文
962.
Lei Ren Feng Xu Wei Jian Xu 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2016,54(15):2291-2301
The anionic polymerization of (E)‐1,3‐pentadiene (EP) and (Z)‐1,3‐pentadiene (ZP) together with mixture of the E/Z isomers are investigated, respectively. The kinetic analysis shows that the activation energy for EP (86.17 kJ/mol) is much higher than that for ZP (59.03 kJ/mol). GPC shows that it is the EP rather than the ZP isomer that undergoes anionic living polymerization affording quantitative products of the polymers with well‐controlled molecular weights and narrow molecular weight distributions (1.05 ≤? ≤ 1.09). In addition, THF as polar additive has proved its validity to reduce the molecular weight distribution of poly(ZP) from 1.38 to as low as 1.19. The microstructure and sequence distributions of polypentadiene are characterized by 1H NMR and quantitative 13C NMR. Finally, the distinctive reaction activity of two isomers can be elucidated by two different mechanisms which involve the presence of four forms of zwitterions for EP and the typical [1,5]‐sigmatropic hydrogen‐shift phenomenon for ZP. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54, 2291–2301 相似文献
963.
The efficient in‐situ reduction and cyclization reaction of aromatic aldehyde, 1,3‐cyclopentanedione (tetronic acid), and nitro‐compound under SnCl2·2H2O‐THF medium 下载免费PDF全文
An efficient in‐situ reduction and cyclization reaction for the synthesis of pyrazolo[4,3‐f]quinoline, pyrazolo[3,4‐f]quinoline, and pyrazolo[3,2‐f]quinoline derivatives directly form 5‐nitroindazole, 6‐nitroindazole and 5‐nitroindole in the presence of SnCl2·2H2O was reported. Compared to traditional synthetic methods, this approach has the advantages of stable reagents, easy obtaining raw material, and high yields. In this research, SnCl2·2H2O is the efficient reducing agent for the in‐situ reduction and cyclization reaction of nitro‐compound. In addition, this process provided an alternative approach for the synthesis of target compounds. 相似文献
964.
Lei Sun Jiahui Geng Dr. Mengyou Gao Dr. Dehua Zheng Zhongxin Jing Qingyun Zhao Prof. Jianjian Lin 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2021,27(42):10998-11004
Fe0.95S1.05 with high reactivity and stability was incorporated into WS2 nanosheets via a one-step solvothermal method for the first time. The resulted hybrid catalyst has much higher catalytic activity than WS2 and Fe0.95S1.05 alone, and the optimal WS2/Fe0.95S1.05 hybrid catalyst was found by adjusting the feed ratio. The addition of Fe0.95S1.05 was proven to be able to enhance the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) activity of WS2, and vice versa. At the same time, it was found that the catalytic effect of the hybrid catalyst was the best when the feed ratio was W : Fe=2 : 1. In other words, we confirmed that there is a synergistic effect between W- and Fe-based sulfide hybrid catalysts, and validated that the reason for the improved HER performance is the strong interaction between the two in the middle sulfur. WS2/Fe0.95S1.05-2 hybrid catalyst leads to enhanced HER activity, which shows a low overpotential of ∼0.172 V at 10 mA cm−2, low Tafel slope of ∼53.47 mV/decade. This study supplies innovative synthesis of a highly active WS2/Fe0.95S1.05 hybrid catalyst for HER. 相似文献
965.
966.
基于卡尔曼滤波的环路跟踪算法多是通过一定仿真证明算法性能,没有系统性性能评估,难以较好指导工程应用。在原有算法基础上进行了优化,并系统性地对比分析、评估了基于卡尔曼环路滤波算法性能,以期为算法工程化提供指导。首先提出对跟踪环路反馈调整量进行预测,使之更符合系统实际,减小环路跟踪误差。而后基于卫星信号模拟器输出信号和自生产信号源,充分评估基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法的收敛时间和灵敏度。仿真结果表明,相比目前工程常用的二阶FFL辅助三阶PLL算法,基于卡尔曼滤波环路跟踪算法能够缩短环路所需稳定时间约90%,并能提升跟踪灵敏度约5 d B,有效改善弱信号场景中接收机输出信息的完好性和连续性。 相似文献
967.
The effect of active control imposed at the wall on optimal structures in wall turbulence is studied by using a linear transient growth model.When the detection plane of the control is located in the buffer layer,the influence of the control on the transient growth of large scale motion becomes negligible as Reynolds number increases.However,if the control signal is detected at the plane located in the logarithm region,the transient growth at large scale can be greatly suppressed.New peak values of transient growth resulting from the strong blowing and suction on the wall exist.The study indicates that a proper selection of control imposed on the wall can suppress the large scale motion in the logarithmic region. 相似文献
968.
在固体物理学课程中,由于涉及到一些高等数学知识,理解联接正格子和倒格子空间的傅里叶变换过程一直是教学难点之一.本文从晶体结构的周期性特征出发,并结合简易的数学推导,对傅里叶变换过程进行了详细的解读,并且对其中的关键步骤给出了凸显物理内涵的解释. 相似文献
969.
A Resettable Keypad Lock with Visible Readout Based on Closed Bipolar Electrochemistry and Electrochromic Poly(3‐methylthiophene) Films 下载免费PDF全文
Lei Wang Wenjing Lian Hongyun Liu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(14):4825-4832
A closed bipolar electrode (BPE) system was developed with electrochromic poly(3‐methylthiophene) (PMT) films electropolymerized on the ITO/rGO electrode as one pole of BPE in the reporting reservoir and the bare ITO electrode as another pole of BPE in the analyte reservoir, in which rGO represents reduced graphene oxide. Under a suitable driving voltage (Vtot), the electrochemical reduction/oxidation of electroactive probes, such as H2O2/glutathione (Glu), in the analyte reservoir could induce the reversible color change of PMT films in the reporting reservoir between blue and red. Based on this, a keypad lock with H2O2, Glu, and Vtot=?3.0 V as the three inputs and the color change of PMT films as the visible output was established. This system was easily operated and did not need to synthesize the complex compounds or DNA molecules. The security system was easy to reset and could be used repeatedly. 相似文献
970.
Recyclable 1,2‐bis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]diselane‐catalyzed oxidation of cyclohexene with H2O2: a practical access to trans‐1,2‐cyclohexanediol 下载免费PDF全文
1,2‐Bis[3,5‐bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]diselane‐catalyzed oxidation of cyclohexene by hydrogen peroxide affords a quick, clean and practical access to the important compound trans‐1,2‐cyclohexanediol under mild conditions. The highly atom‐economic properties, clean procedures, high reaction concentration, short reaction time, mild conditions and eco‐friendly, recyclable and low loading catalysts facilitate this methodology for possible future practical industrial production. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献