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211.
A novel all-fiber temperature-calibrated refractometer based on a compact fiber Bragg grating(FBG) single-multi-single(SMS)structure is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.The sensor head is composed of a FBG combined with a SMS structure,in which the middle multimode fiber(MMF)section is etched by a time-controlled hydrofluoric.The transmission dip of SMS is extremely sensitive to ambient refractive index(RI)variation,whereas the upstream FBG provides the necessary temperature information for RI calibration.All aforementioned functions are performed via a compact FBG-SMS structure not longer than 25 mm.The proposed sensing device provides a linear RI sensitivity over water or waterbased solutions(RI values near 1.33 at optical wavelengths for most biological and many environmental applications),and has temperature-calibration capability.Hence,the said refractometer is a good candidate for sensing in chemical and biological applications. 相似文献
212.
213.
氰基取代被认为是优化全小分子有机太阳能电池性能的可行方法. 然而,氰基取代对太阳能电池中电荷产生动力学的影响仍未得到探索. 本文光谱研究表明,在全小分子太阳能电池中,氰化给体中增强的分子间电荷转移相互作用会显著促进共混物中的电子转移. 实验发现,在氰基取代给体中,分子间相互作用引起的离域激发,在混合物中会进行超快电子转移. 相比之下,在没有氰基取代的给体中剩余的局域激发态,并没有积极参与电荷分离. 此发现很好地解释了为何氰化取代给体的共混物器件的性能会得到提升,表明可以通过调控分子间相互作用、来优化全小分子器件性能. 相似文献
214.
为了消除群速失配对参量放大的不利影响,描述了利用脉冲波面倾斜与非共线相位匹配相结 合,完全补偿飞秒光参量放大(OPA)中三波群速失配的新方法.计算了在BBOⅠ类、Ⅱ类相 位匹配条件下, 三波实现群速匹配时,相位匹配角、脉冲波面倾斜角以及非共线角随信号 光波长的变化.并分析了三波群速匹配对空间走离长度、参量增益和参量带宽的影响.结果表 明,在BBOⅠ类、Ⅱ类相位匹配条件下,利用该方法均能实现飞秒OPA连续调谐时三波的群速 匹配,从而大大增加了三波的有效互作用长度,为能够获得高增益,窄脉宽的参量光脉冲提 供了理论依据和指导.
关键词:
群速匹配
脉冲波面倾斜
非共线相位匹配
飞秒光参量放大 相似文献
215.
216.
In theory,nanobubbles can stably exist with a lifetime of microseconds at most,but numerous experimental observations demonstrate that nanobubbles in bulk solution can be stable from hours to weeks.Although various conjectures on the stability mechanism of bulk nanobubbles,such as the contaminant mechanism,skin mechanism,surface zeta potential mechanism,are proposed,there has not yet been a unified conclusion.Since bulk nanobubbles show great potential in a wide spectrum of applications and are relevant to a number of unsolved questions on cavitation and nucleation,the debate over their stability mechanisms has been active.In the past,extensive studies have been carried out to understand the mechanism of nanobubble stability,and important insights have already been provided.This paper will provide a brief overview of our current understanding of the unexpected stability of bulk nanobubbles. 相似文献
217.
金华 《原子与分子物理学报》2019,36(6):921-926
采用第一性原理结合周期性平板模型的方法,对O_2在完整和缺陷WO_3(001)表面的吸附行为进行了研究.结果表明:WO_3(001)完整表面上吸附态的O_2不易成为表面氧化反应的活性氧物种,当吸附质与表面作用时,将优先与表面晶格氧(O_t)成键,进而形成表面缺陷态,体系呈现金属性,电导率增大.比较O_2在缺陷表面上各吸附构型的吸附能发现,O_2的吸附倾向于发生在缺陷位置(W_v)上,且表现为氧气分子中的两个氧原子均与缺陷位W_v作用,形成新的活性氧物种(O_2~-);吸附后表面被氧化,电导率降低. 相似文献
218.
Deep level transient spectroscopy investigation of deep levels in CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells with Te:Cu back contact 下载免费PDF全文
Deep levels in Cds/CdTe thin film solar cells have a
potent influence on the electrical property of these devices. As an
essential layer in the solar cell device structure, back contact is
believed to induce some deep defects in the CdTe thin film. With the
help of deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), we study the deep
levels in CdS/CdTe thin film solar cells with Te:Cu back contact.
One hole trap and one electron trap are observed. The hole trap H1,
localized at Ev+0.128~eV, originates from the vacancy of Cd
(VCd. The electron trap E1, found at Ec-0.178~eV,
is considered to be correlated with the interstitial Cui=
in CdTe. 相似文献
219.
For decades the research on thin-film growth has attracted considerable attention as these kinds of materials have the potential for a new generation of device application. It is known that the nuclei at the initial stage of the islands are more stable than others and certain atoms are inert while others are active. In this paper, by using kinetic Monte Carlo simulations, we will show that, when a surfactant layer is used to mediate the growth, a counter-intuitive fractal-to-compact island shape transition can be induced by increasing deposition flux or decreasing growth temperature. Specifically, we introduce a reaction-limited aggregation (RLA) theory, where the physical process controlling the island shape transition is the shielding effect of adatoms stuck to the stable islands on the incoming adatoms. Moreover, the origin of a transition from triangular to hexagonal and then to inverted triangular as well as the decay characteristics of three-dimensional islands on the surface and relations of our unique predictions with recent experiments will be discussed. Furthermore, we will present a novel idea to make use of the condensation energy of adatoms to control the island evolution along a special direction. 相似文献
220.
Lai-Yu Lu Xiang-Rong Chen Guang-Fu Ji Xi-Jun Wang Jing Chang 《Molecular physics》2013,111(22):2373-2385
The structural, vibrational and thermodynamic properties of β-octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (β–HMX) crystal have been studied using the isothermal-isobaric molecular dynamics (NPT-MD) simulations. The variations of cell volume, lattice constants and molecular geometry of solid β–HMX are presented and discussed at different pressure and temperature. It was found that the N–N bond is significantly lengthened with increasing temperature, which suggests that it is relevant to the initial decomposition. An abrupt change at 27 Gpa for the volume and internal geometrical parameters was observed. This is in good accord with the experimental observation that there is a phase transition at 27 GPa, which is clearly due to conformational change, not chemical reaction. The vibrational frequencies at ambient conditions agree well with experimental results, and the pressure/temperature-induced frequency shifts of these modes are discussed. Frequency discontinuity was also observed at pressure when the phase transition occurred. The Grüneisen parameter was obtained using the vibrational frequency. 相似文献