采用J积分对沥青混合料抗裂性能进行评价

沥青混合料是一种由集料、胶浆和孔隙组成的非均质材料,一般被认为是一种粘弹性材料,其力学行为介于弹性和塑性之间,采用弹塑性断裂力学更适合评价沥青混合料的抗裂性能.J积分理论可以避开分析裂纹尖端附近复杂的应力应变场,物理意义明确,可以有效的评价沥青混合料的抗裂性能,断裂韧度JC可以很方便的采用预切缝的半圆弯拉试验直接获得.为了评价材料本身特性对断裂韧度JC影响,在MTS试验系统上进行了3种级配的沥青混合料的断裂韧度试验.采用基于数字图像处理技术的有限元方法对半圆弯拉试验进行了模拟,并将数值模拟的结果与试验的结果进行了对比分析.结论表明,断裂韧度JC可以作为一有效的评价沥青混合料抗裂性能的指标.     

甲胺磷离子选择性电极的研制及其应用

以四苯硼钠与甲胺磷在盐酸介质中生成的离子缔合物为电活性物质,首次研制出一种甲胺磷PVC涂层玻璃电极。并对该电极的响应机理及性能进行了研究。实验表明,该电极的Nernst响应范围为1×10-2~1×10-4(φ),斜率为50.28 mV/pφ。该电极响应迅速,重复性好,用于蔬菜中残留甲胺磷的测定,方法快速、准确,结果满意。     

Burgers方程的MPS-MAFL数值解法

使用一种粒子无网格线混合格式MPS-MAFL方法对Burgers方程进行了数值求解,给出了算法的详细过程对计算结果进行了分析,计算结果与解析解相吻合.进行了变参数初步计算,给出了在不同粒子数目及不同粒子作用半下的计算结果.计算表明,使用MPS-MAFL方法求解Burgers方程具有较高的通用性及稳定性,且方法简单易行.     

Template-directed Synthesis of Carboxylic Acid-functionalized Tetracationic Cyclophane

Introduction Although devices based on pseudorotaxanes,cantenanes,and rotaxanes are commercialized yet,several researches have been done on the applications of these donor-acceptor molecules[1-6].A promising area is the field of nanotechnology.     

罗丹明B荧光猝灭法测定水中痕量亚氯酸根

在有KI存在的乙酸钠-HCl酸性缓冲溶液中,用520 nm光激发罗丹明B(RhB),在580 nm处有一个荧光峰。当有亚氯酸根(ClO-2)存在时,罗丹明B荧光峰发生猝灭。亚氯酸根浓度在0.021 8～0.51 μg·mL-1范围内与荧光猝灭强度成线性关系,据此建立了一个简便灵敏的亚氯酸根荧光分析新方法,用于测定合成水样中(ClO-₂)的分析,结果令人满意。     

pH reversible micelle transition of a tertiary amine-based gemini surfactant in aqueous solution

In this work, we prepared a tertiary amide-based gemini surfactant (DSTAPA), which contained two pH-sensitive tertiary amide head groups. Then the molecule state distribution and self-assembly transition of the surfactant in aqueous solution were investigated under different pH conditions. The DSTAPA molecules were on the states of double cationic (DSTAPAH²⁺), single cationic (DSTAPAH⁺), and double tertiary amine groups (DSTAPA) under acidic, neutral, and basic conditions, respectively. With the variation of the molecule states, the sample was water-like below pH of 6.8 and immediately transformed to gel-like fluid between pH of 6.8 and 7.8, then changed to white precipitate with the further increase of pH value. Furthermore, the microstructure and regulation mechanism were investigated by rheological measurements, dynamic light scattering, and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy. The appearance and micelle transitions of the DSTAPA aqueous solution are actually owing to the spherical–worm-like micelle transition, leading to dramatic viscosity increase and hydrogel formation. This transition was completely reversible and repeated for at least three cycles. Finally, a reasonable mechanism of the transition was proposed based on the viewpoints of the molecular states and micelle structures. The DSTAPA aqueous system with pH-reversible property has a great potential application in oil and gas production.     

激光在雨中传输的分析与计算

本文通过分析雨滴其对激光的散射和吸收作用,研究激光在大气中传输时受雨滴作用的影响,计算不同雨滴对激光光强的影响,在不同降雨下,测试激光光强的变化,并通过软件仿真实时显示光斑的闪烁、漂移,为进一步优化激光通信系统性能设计、最终实现全天候超视距的大气激光通信做有意义的探索。     

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介绍了EAST托卡马克逆磁线圈加补偿线圈的逆磁测量。该方法的优点是补偿线圈有效地消除了纵场线圈产生的磁通变化,而调节机构能降低来自极向场的误差信号。详细地叙述了逆磁线圈工程设计中考虑的材料选择和结构设计对逆磁线圈的影响。最后给出了次测量系统的误差分析。     

Surface modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes by O2 plasma

The surface modification of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) by O₂ plasma was carried out in this study. In order to achieve a relatively homogeneous treatment of MWCNTs powder, a rotating barrel fixed between the two discharge electrodes was used. The effect of plasma treatment parameters, such as power, time, and positions of samples (inside and outside the barrel), on the morphology and structure of MWCNTs surface was systematically analyzed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that the direct discharge (outside the barrel) could result in not only a quick grafting of polar functional groups but also an easy damage of MWCNTs after longer time, particularly under intensive power. It was found that the surface of MWCNTs powder might be changed in three steps—expansion (loosed structure formed), peel off and oxidization with increasing of treatment time during the irradiation. In this way, a complete purification of MWCNTs powder could be finished within 30 min via plasma treatment. Our work suggested that plasma treatment could be a simple and nonpolluting method for a large scale purification of MWCNTs.     

Synthesis and Crystal Structure of 1,2,4,6-Tetraphenyl-2-hydroxy-8-azabicycle[3,2,1]octane

1 INTRODUCTIONAtrope alkaloids, which exist in eggplant plants, such as atrope and scopolamine, are used as a series of important drugs in medical science [1,2]. The typical character of atrope alkaloid is that these compounds contain the main skeleton of 8-azabicycle[3,2,1]octane , which results in the very complicated synthetic routine[3]. During our research for the reaction of 1,3,5,7-tetraphenyl-4- nitro-1,7-heptadione with low-valent titanium reagent, we easily synthesized the title …