Photoreduction of Alkyl Polyviologens and Their Low Molecular Analogs in PVA Matrix

The photoreduction behavior of alkyl viologen compounds in a PVA matrix was investigated. The initial photoreduction of alkyl viologens and related polyviologens follows second-order reaction kinetics, and the respective rate constants, which vary only slightly with alkyl chain length, were determined. While the polymer effect was not remarkable in a PVA matrix, the association behavior of radical cations was similar to that found in a 2-propanol aqueous solution.     

Synthesis, structure, and activity evaluation of two silver(I) complexes as Helicobacter pylori urease inhibitors

Two silver(I) compounds, [Ag(R,R-hxn)](C₇H₄BrO₂) · 2H₂O (I) (Chxn = 1,2-diaminocyclohexane) and [Ag(C₅H₆N₂)₂]₂(C₈H₄O₄) · 10H₂O (II), were synthesized and complex I was structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Compound I contains a catena-(trans-1,2-diaminocyclohexane) silver polycation ([Ag(Chxn)]_∞) in a roughly linear fashion, while II possesses a linear-type silver monocation. Compounds I and II were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against Helicobacter pylori urease in vitro. Both were found to have strong inhibitory activities against H. pylori urease comparable to that of acetohydroxamic acid.     

A theoretical study on the structure and hygroscopicity of ammonium dinitramide

Density functional theory (DFT) and the dispersion corrected DFT have been used to investigate the hygroscopicity of ammonium dinitramide (ADN). Calculation results show that the gaseous ADN has a strong hydrogen bond. But the ionic pair structure NH₄ ⁺ · N(NO₂)^? is stabilized upon the addition of water molecules. Natural bond orbital calculations suggest that the intra- and intermolecular orbital interactions LP(O) → σ*(N–H) or LP(O) → σ*(O–H) make the system stabilized as a whole. En energy decomposition analysis reveals that the interactions between ADN and H₂O are dominated by the electrostatic and orbital interactions. The formation reactions become more spontaneous with the increasing number of water molecules but can be weakened by the growing temperature from 200 to 400 K. Moreover, the molecular dynamic method is applied to explore a more realistic cluster model to study the interactions between ADN and H₂O.     

Synthesis of boronate-silica hybrid affinity monolith via a one-pot process for specific capture of glycoproteins at neutral conditions

In this study, a boronate-silica hybrid affinity monolith was prepared for specific capture of glycoproteins at neutral pH condition. The monolith was synthesized via a facile one-pot procedure in a stainless steel column by concurrently mixing hydrolyzed alkoxysilanes tetramethoxysilane and vinyltrimethoxysilane, organic monomer 3-acrylamidophenylboronic acid and initiator 2,2′-azobisisobutyronitrile together. The polycondensation of alkoxysilanes and copolymerization of organic monomer and vinyl-silica monolith were carried out successively by reacting at different temperatures. After optimizing the preparation conditions, the resulting hybrid affinity monolith was systematically characterized and exhibited excellent affinity to both cis-diol-containing small molecules and glycoproteins at neutral and physiological pH, including adenosine, horseradish peroxidase, transferrin and ovalbumin. The binding capacity of ovalbumin on monolith was measured to be 2.5 mg g^?1 at pH 7.0. Furthermore, the hybrid affinity monolith was applied to the separation of transferrin from bovine serum sample at a physiological condition. Good repeatability was obtained and the relative standard deviations of retention time were 1.15 and 4.77 % (n?=?5) for run-to-run and column-to-column, respectively.     

Migration study of iodine in Beishan granite by a column method

The fate and migration behavior of radionuclides in environment are influenced by a series of physical and chemical processes such as advection, hydrodynamic dispersion (including mechanical dispersion and molecular diffusion), retention, chemical reaction and so on. In this study, the migration of ¹²⁵I^? in Beishan granite and the potential retention of iodine by silver halide additives were investigated by a pulse injection column method. All breakthrough curves were analyzed according to the analytical solution of transport equation and the dispersion coefficient (D), and first-order sorption constant (k) were obtained. For conservative nuclide, the dispersion behavior is only related to the dispersion medium. Silver halides were proved having sorption ability for ¹²⁵I^? in the order of AgCl > AgBr > AgI. The transport of iodine in the crushed granite column can be adequately described by the advection–dispersion equation with a first-order, irreversible sorption term. The pulse injection column method can be used as a fast method to evaluate the sorption or retention ability of solid phase.     

An appraisal of the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction for the synthesis of novel fluorescent coumarin derivatives

We report the chemical design and development of 3-aryl-substituted 7-alkoxy-4-methylcoumarins with enhanced fluorogenic properties. The 3-aryl substituents are installed via an optimized Suzuki–Miyaura cross-coupling (SMC) reaction between a 7-alkoxy-3-bromo-4-methylcoumarin and aryl boronic MIDA esters using Pd(OAc)₂/XPhos in a catalytic system with K₂CO₃ in aqueous THF. Under these conditions, an exocyclic ester functionality is found to be unaffected. Subsequent saponification revealed a carboxylic acid functionality that is suitable for conjugation reactions. Evaluation of their fluorescence properties indicated that the installed 3-heteroaryl substituent, particularly benzofuran-2-yl, resulted in a significant red shift of both the excitation and emission wavelengths.     

SYNTHESES,CRYSTAL STRUCTURES,AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITIES OF ZINC COMPLEXES DERIVED FROM 2-AMINO-N′- (PYRIDIN-2-YLMETHYLENE)BENZOHYDRAZIDE

Journal of Structural Chemistry - New zinc complexes, [ZnBr2(HL)] (1), [ZnBr(HL)(NCS)]·0.5H2O (2), [Zn(HL)I2] (3), and [ZnL2] (4), where L is the monoanionic form of...     

Long-Chain Alkane Dehydrogenation over Hierarchically Porous Ti-Doped Pt–Sn–K/TiO2–Al2O3 Catalysts

Kinetics and Catalysis - Hierarchically porous γ-Al2O3, TiO2–Al2O3 composite supports, and Pt–Sn–K/Al2O3 and Pt–Sn–K/TiO2–Al2O3 catalysts were prepared...     

Synthesis and studies of trisubstituted biphthalonitrile/Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> magnetic hybrid microspheres

New trisubstituted biphthalonitrile/magnetite (TSB/Fe₃O₄) magnetic hybrid microspheres were synthesized from TSB and FeCl₃ · 6H₂O using the method of one-stage thermal temperature crystallization of solvents. The morphology and structure of magnetic hybrid microspheres were inspected using a scanning electron microscope, IR Fourier spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. It was found that the grown TSB/Fe₃O₄ magnetic hybrid microspheres represent spherical particles with an average size of ~137 nm and a small size spread. The size and size distribution of magnetic hybrid microspheres can be controlled by a small change in the ratio of TSB and Fe³⁺ ion contents in the microsphere. TSB/Fe₃O₄ hybrid microspheres exhibit a rather high saturation magnetization (58.16 emu g^–1) and new microwave electromagnetic properties, i.e., lower (in comparison with published) dielectric losses at low frequencies; magnetic losses are increased obviously due to an increase in the TSB content. Furthermore, it is detected that magnetic hybrid microspheres absorb microwaves, and strong reflection losses in a wide frequency range are established. The effective reflection loss of–31 dB is obtained in the microwave range from 2 to 16 GHz due to TSB content variations. Wide absorption properties of microwaves along with regular spherical shape and excellent magnetic properties offer wide opportunities for various applications of TSB/Fe₃O₄ magnetic hybrid microspheres as functional materials.