Structures, phase transition, elastic properties of SnO2 from first-principles analysis

We investigate the structural, phase transition and elastic properties of SnO₂ in the rutile-type, pyrite-type, ZrO₂-type and cotunnite-type phases by the plane-wave pseudopotential density functional theory method. The lattice constants, bulk modulus and its pressure derivative are well consistent with the available experimental and other theoretical data. Also, we find that the rutile→pyrite, pyrite→ZrO₂ and ZrO₂→cotunnite phase transition occur at 12.9, 59.1 and 111.1 GPa, which are in better agreement with the experimental results than those of Gracia et al. (2007). Moreover, we obtain the pressure dependences of elastic constants for the four structures.     

Method for suppressing the mirror image in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography

A method, novel to our knowledge, for effective mirror image suppression in Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography based on a phase shift between neighboring A-mode scans is demonstrated. By realizing that the phase shifts of the real and mirror images are mutually reversed and assuming that the real image intensities of the two successive A-mode scans are the same, we can solve a set of two coupled equations to obtain the real image signals. The images based on the scanning of a high-resolution spectral-domain optical coherence tomography system are processed to show effective mirror image suppression results. Compared with a similar method of broad application, our approach has the advantages of shorter process time and higher flexibility in selecting the concerned image portions for processing.     

制备均一性靶丸过程中的影响因素

在激光聚变实验中,高球形度、高厚度均一性的靶丸经常通过乳液微封装方法来制备。利用T.Norimatsu的模型研究在靶丸制备过程中,界面间表面张力、油相粘度、壳层尺寸、壳层厚度的影响。结果显示:较大的表面张力,较小的壳层尺寸,会使胶囊具有更好的均一性。当外部变形形式不同的时候,油相的粘度对于壳层均一性会有不同作用。     

采用高分辨电镜分析Cu掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯泡沫材料采用高分辨电镜分析Cu掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯泡沫材料

利用物理掺杂的方法,制备了铜掺杂聚-4-甲基-1-戊烯(PMP)低密度泡沫材料,采用高分辨扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜,分析了泡沫材料的微观结构、成分及微区成分分布。结果表明：与PMP泡沫相比,铜掺杂PMP泡沫的孔洞直径和网络骨架尺寸变大;铜颗粒镶嵌在PMP泡沫的有机骨架上且有团聚现象;泡沫材料中除碳、铜外,还残留有杂质元素氧;铜颗粒被PMP泡沫包裹,与碳网络骨架之间接触紧密。     

电场极化方向对自由空间电场测量的影响

介绍了自主研制的脉冲电场原始波形测量系统的模块组成与基本工作原理。针对在未知被测电场方向及复杂的电场环境下垂直干扰电场对自由空间电场测量产生的影响,通过建立自由空间电场测量系统前端的简化模型,对不同尺寸天线与屏蔽盒进行仿真计算。仿真计算结果与理论分析基本一致,结果表明：干扰电场响应信号与待测电场响应信号相差2个数量级以上,干扰电场的影响可忽略不计。     

Fabrication of silicon microwire arrays for?photovoltaic?applications

A?novel method of combining photolithography, wet chemical etching and oxidation process was proposed to fabricate large area of silicon microwire (SiMW) arrays. The dimensions of the SiMWs can be easily controlled by photomask and etching conditions. Solar cells based on the heterojunction between SiMW and double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) were constructed. The initial test on the DWNT/SiMW shows efficiency (??) of?0.59%. By adding a few drops of HBr/B₂ electrolyte, the efficiency was improved to 1.96% with J _sc=19.2?mA/cm² and V _oc=0.35?V, FF=29.2%, showing the potential of SiMWs in photovoltaic applications.     

Light transmission properties of double-overlapped annular apertures

We investigate the light transmission properties of double-overlapped annular apertures in a silver film with the three-dimensional finite-difference time-domain method. It has been found that the transmission peaks are attributed to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of nanocavities and the surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) of the nanoparticles. The peaks of the LSPR are blueshifted when the overlapping distance is increased. Moreover, a Fano-type resonance appears in the transmitted spectral response with an appropriate overlapping distance, which is elucidated as the hybridization results of the SPPs of the nanoparticles. The number and position of the Fano resonance can be tuned through varying the overlapping distance and other geometric parameters.     

关于B~0→π~-~+■_衰变过程分支比的计算

通过构造适当的关联函数,计算B→π跃迁形状因子fB+π(q2),fBπ(q2)和标量形状因子f0(q2),从而就能研究轻子质量对B0→π-+ν(l=e,μ,τ)衰变过程的影响.首次分别计算B0→π-e+νe,B0→π-μ+νμ,B0→π-τ+ντ衰变过程的分支比,并发现轻子质量me,mμ可以忽略,但重轻子质量mτ不能忽略,它对分支比计算有一定的贡献.把计算结果与最近的实验数据进行比较,发现理论结果与实验数据基本符合.     

Cooper pairs? magnetic moment in MCFL color superconductivity

We investigate the effect of the alignment of the magnetic moments of Cooper pairs of charged quarks that form at high density in three-flavor quark matter. The high-density phase of this matter in the presence of a magnetic field is known to be the Magnetic Color-Flavor-Locked (MCFL) phase of color superconductivity. We derive the Fierz identities of the theory and show how the explicit breaking of the rotational symmetry by the uniform magnetic field opens new channels of interactions and allows the formation of a new diquark condensate. The new order parameter is a spin-1 condensate proportional to the component in the field direction of the average magnetic moment of the pairs of charged quarks. The magnitude of the spin-1 condensate becomes comparable to the larger of the two scalar gaps in the region of large fields. The existence of the spin-1 condensate is unavoidable, as in the presence of a magnetic field there is no solution of the gap equations with nonzero scalar gaps and zero magnetic moment condensate. This is consistent with the fact that the extra condensate does not break any symmetry that has not already been broken by the known MCFL gaps. The spin-1 condensate enhances the condensation energy of pairs formed by charged quarks and the magnetization of the system. We discuss the possible consequences of the new order parameter on the issue of the chromomagnetic instability that appears in color superconductivity at moderate density.     

Grain size effects on microstructural stability and creep behaviour of nanotwinned Ni free-standing foils at room temperature

Creep tests were performed on the high stacking fault energy (SFE) nanotwinned (NT) Ni free-standing foils with nearly the same twin thickness at room temperature (RT) to investigate the effects of grain size and loading rate on their microstructural stability and creep behaviour. The grain growth mediated by the twinning/detwinning mechanism at low applied stresses (<800 MPa) and grain refinement via the detwinning mechanism at high applied stresses (>800 MPa) were uncovered in the present NT-Ni foils during RT creep, both of which are attributed to the interactions between dislocations and boundaries. It appears that a higher initial dislocation density leads to a faster primary creep strain rate and a slower steady-state creep strain rate. Unlike the non-twinned metals in which grain growth often enhances the creep strain rate, the twinning/detwinning-mediated grain growth process unexpectedly lowers the steady-state creep strain rate, whereas the detwinning-mediated grain refinement process accelerates the creep strain rate in the studied NT-Ni foils. A modified phase-mixture model combined with Arrhenius laws is put forward to predict the scaling behaviour between the creep strain rate and the applied stress, which also predicts the transition from grain growth-reduced to grain refinement-enhanced steady-state creep strain rate at a critical applied stress. Our findings not only provide deeper insights into the grain size effect on the mechanical behaviour of nanostructured metals with high SFE, but also benefit the microstructure sensitive design of NT metallic materials.