全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12919篇 |
免费 | 2204篇 |
国内免费 | 1908篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 9781篇 |
晶体学 | 249篇 |
力学 | 713篇 |
综合类 | 148篇 |
数学 | 1219篇 |
物理学 | 4921篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 17篇 |
2023年 | 195篇 |
2022年 | 337篇 |
2021年 | 442篇 |
2020年 | 495篇 |
2019年 | 488篇 |
2018年 | 413篇 |
2017年 | 430篇 |
2016年 | 625篇 |
2015年 | 654篇 |
2014年 | 778篇 |
2013年 | 1004篇 |
2012年 | 1306篇 |
2011年 | 1374篇 |
2010年 | 964篇 |
2009年 | 948篇 |
2008年 | 998篇 |
2007年 | 873篇 |
2006年 | 847篇 |
2005年 | 737篇 |
2004年 | 559篇 |
2003年 | 379篇 |
2002年 | 415篇 |
2001年 | 330篇 |
2000年 | 252篇 |
1999年 | 223篇 |
1998年 | 182篇 |
1997年 | 137篇 |
1996年 | 102篇 |
1995年 | 90篇 |
1994年 | 81篇 |
1993年 | 66篇 |
1992年 | 57篇 |
1991年 | 55篇 |
1990年 | 40篇 |
1989年 | 20篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 6篇 |
1986年 | 9篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 6篇 |
1979年 | 8篇 |
1978年 | 6篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 3篇 |
1957年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
941.
高效液相色谱-串联质谱法测定蜂蜜中残留的19种喹诺酮类药物 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
建立了高效液相色谱-电喷雾串联质谱联用测定蜂蜜中恩诺沙星、环丙沙星、诺氟沙星、氧氟沙星、双氟沙星、恶喹酸、氟甲喹、沙拉沙星、司帕沙星、丹诺沙星、氟罗沙星、马波沙星、伊诺沙星、奥比沙星、吡哌酸、培氟沙星、洛美沙星、西诺沙星和萘啶酸等19种喹诺酮类药物残留的方法。比较酸性溶液阳离子固相萃取(PCX柱)、近中性缓冲溶液反相固相萃取(HLB柱)和碱性溶液阴离子固相萃取(PAX柱)3种不同提取净化方法的提取效果,最终选择使用碱性溶液溶解蜂蜜样品,强阴离子固相萃取柱一步富集净化。以甲醇和0.1%甲酸溶液作为流动相,C18作为分析色谱柱,采用梯度洗脱方式进行液相色谱分离,选择离子反应监测模式检测19种喹诺酮类药物,内标方法定量。在1~100 μg/L范围内,19种喹诺酮类药物的线性相关系数均大于0.991。通过实际样品的添加回收试验,方法的定量限(S/N=10)为1.0 μg/kg,3个添加水平的回收率为71%~118%,相对标准偏差为4.2%~6.7%。 相似文献
942.
Wen Ye Li Hui Li Guo Mei Zhang Jian Bin Chao Li Xia Ling Shao Min Shuang Chuan Dong 《Journal of photochemistry and photobiology. A, Chemistry》2008,197(2-3):389-393
The complexing ability of water-soluble calix[4]arene for l-tryptophan (l-try) was investigated by a variety of techniques. The spectrofluorometry titrations were performed at different temperatures to determine stability constants, as well as to evaluate the thermodynamic parameters of the obtained complex. The effect of pH on the complexation process was quantitatively assessed. Moreover, to obtain information about the binding mechanism of the interaction, 1H NMR studies were carried out. Molecular modeling showed that water-soluble calix[4]arene accommodated part of l-amino acid in its cavity meanwhile the aliphatic chain of l-tryptophan stuck out of the cavity. Based on the experiment data, the association process of complexes was established. The water-soluble calix[4]arene was found to be able to adjust its conformation to fit the size of aromatic l-tryptophan, and the benzene ring of amino acid penetrated into the hydrophobic cavity of calix[4]arene. 相似文献
943.
The conformational changes of isotactic polypropylene (iPP) under supercritical CO2 condition with different pressure and temperature have been carefully studied by in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Analysis of the corresponding spectra shows that the conformational ordering by supercritical CO2 results in the intensity enhancement of the regularity bands of iPP. Due to the high CO2 concentration and strong intermolecular interaction, iPP can reach an equilibrium state in a short time at high CO2 pressure. The equilibrium time increases with soaking temperature. After supercritical CO2 treatment, two mechanisms, the formation of short helix from amorphous phase and the extension of short helix into long one, happen simultaneously. The latter mechanism undergoes quickly at the beginning of induced conformational changes and then slows down, resulting in the slight increase of crystallinity. At the same time, the conformational ordering in amorphous phase happens continuously until a thermodynamic equilibrium. In summary, in the presence of supercritical CO2, the conformational ordering of iPP chains occurs exclusively in the amorphous region, with no impact on the crystal part. 相似文献
944.
Wang J Struckmeier U Yang B Cool TA Osswald P Kohse-Höinghaus K Kasper T Hansen N Westmoreland PR 《The journal of physical chemistry. A》2008,112(39):9255-9265
This work provides experimental evidence on how the molecular compositions of fuel-rich low-pressure premixed flames are influenced as the oxygenates dimethyl ether (DME) or ethanol are incrementally blended into the propene fuel. Ten different flames with a carbon-to-oxygen ratio of 0.5, ranging from 100% propene (phi = 1.5) to 100% oxygenated fuel (phi = 2.0), are analyzed with flame-sampling molecular-beam mass spectrometry employing electron- or photoionization. Absolute mole fraction profiles for flame species with masses ranging from m/z = 2 (H2) to m/z = 80 (C6H8) are analyzed with particular emphasis on the formation of harmful emissions. Fuel-specific destruction pathways, likely to be initiated by hydrogen abstraction, appear to lead to benzene from propene combustion and to formaldehyde and acetaldehyde through DME and ethanol combustion, respectively. While the concentration of acetaldehyde increases 10-fold as propene is substituted by ethanol, it decreases as propene is replaced with DME. In contrast, the formaldehyde concentration rises only slightly with ethanol replacement but increases markedly with addition of DME. Allyl and propargyl radicals, the dominant precursors for benzene formation, are likely to be produced directly from propene decomposition or via allene and propyne. Benzene formation through propargyl radicals formed via unsaturated C2 intermediates in the decomposition of DME and ethanol is negligibly small. As a consequence, DME and ethanol addition lead to similar reductions of the benzene concentration. 相似文献
945.
946.
Design of fluorescent self-assembled multilayers and interfacial sensing for organophosphorus pesticides 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This paper details the fabrication of indole (ID) self-assembled multilayers (SAMs) and fluorescence interfacial sensing for organophosphorus (OP) pesticides. Quartz/APES/AuNP/l-Cys/ID film was constructed on l-cysteine modified Quartz/APES/AuNP surface via electrostatic attraction between ID and l-cysteine. Cyclic voltammetry indicates that ID is immobilized successfully on the gold surface. Fluorescence of the Quartz/APES/AuNP/l-Cys/ID film shows sensitive response toward OPs. The fluorescent sensing conditions of the SAMs are optimized that allow linear fluorescence response for methylparathion and monocrotophos over 5.97 × 10−7 to 3.51 × 10−6 g L−1 and 3.98 × 10−6 to 3.47 × 10−5 g L−1, with detection limit of 6.1 × 10−8 gL−1 and 3.28 × 10−6 gL−1, respectively. Compared to bulk phase detection, interfacial fluorescence sensing based on the SAMs technology shows higher sensitivity by at least 2 order of magnitude. 相似文献
947.
作为一种由常规注射成型发展起来的聚合物加工技术,气体辅助注射成型具有节约原材料、缩短成型周期以及提高制品性能等优点,已得到广泛的应用.由于气辅成型过程是一个在刚、柔双重约束界面条件下进行的多相复杂体系的多次流动过程,因而其形态结构的形成、发展和演化要远比常规注塑成型复杂.然而在气辅成型的形态结构方面,国内外的研究一直以来开展得较少.近年来,作者在聚合物及其共混物、复合材料气辅成型制品的形态结构方面已开展了广泛的研究工作,本文对这些工作和一些重要结果作了总结,并简要分析了成型过程中剪切场对形态演化的影响,最后对该研究方向的发展趋势作了展望. 相似文献
948.
949.
以CO为碳源,通过氧炔焰形成热解火焰合成了碳纳米管.为了详细研究催化剂与合成环境对合成产物的影响,实验分别应用不同催化剂在不同合成环境中进行取样分析.结果表明:催化剂颗粒尺寸直接决定合成产物的种类,不同产物对合成温度也有不同要求,过高温火焰环境会遏制碳纳米管的合成.最终得出,Fe/Mo/Al2O3载体催化剂适合在热解腔内部830℃无氧的环境下催化合成小直径的单壁、双壁和三壁碳纳米管,而由Fe(CO)5热解-附着-聚合产生的Fe催化剂颗粒适合在600℃的V型体火焰中催化合成大直径多壁碳纳米管. 相似文献
950.