Passive infrared detector used for detection of very slowly moving of crawling people

The paper presents construction and principle of operation of passive IR detectors (PIR detectors) of a large detection range. Important virtue of these detectors is highly efficient detection of slowly moving or crawling people. The described here PIR detector detects crawling people at the distance of 140 m. To ensure high probability of detection of slowly moving objects, new method of signals analysis was applied. On the basis of the carried out real-time measurements, both probability of detection and false alarms were determined.     

Thermal Analysis of Manganese(II) Complexes With L-proline and L-hydroxyproline

The thermal decomposition reactions of manganese(II) complexes with L-proline and 4-hydroxy- L-proline were studied. The Mn(II) proline complex loses the water molecule at 40–95°C and then, heated above 250°C it decomposes in several steps to manganese oxide. The most appropriate kinetic equations for dehydration process are the geometrical R2 or R3 ones. They give a value of activation energy, E of about 95 kJmol^–1. The Mn(II) hydroxyproline complex loses the water molecules in two stages (70–110 and 110–230°C) and next it decomposes to manganese oxide in several steps. The R3 or D3 (three-dimensional diffusion) models are the most appropriate for the first stage of dehydration (E is about 155 kJ mol^–1). The second step of dehydration is limited by D3 mechanism (E=52 kJ mol^–1). This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

New approach to solution of photorefractive transport equations

In our work we propose a novel method of analysis of photorefractive transport equations. The method based on a perturbative approach can be used in the case of two wave mixing and four wave mixing geometry, i.e. for the samples illuminated by interference patterns. Presented approach can be employed for a broad range of material and experimental parameters, particularly for arbitrary depth of light modulation pattern. The approximate analytical solution is compared with results of numerical calculations and a good agreement practically in every case was found. Presented at 9-th International Workshop on Nonlinear Optics Applications, NOA 2007, May 17–20, 2007, Šwinoujście, Poland     

Nuclear stopping from 0.09A to 1.93A GeV and its correlation to flow

We present a complete systematics (excitation functions and system-size dependences) of global stopping and side flow for heavy ion reactions in the energy range between 0.09A and 1.93A GeV. For the heaviest system, Au+Au, we observe a plateau of maximal stopping extending from about 0.2A to 0.8A GeV with a fast drop on both sides. The degree of stopping, which is shown to remain significantly below the expectations of a full stopping scenario, is found to be highly correlated to the amount of side flow.     

Triggered qutrits for quantum communication protocols

A general protocol in quantum information and communication relies in the ability of producing, transmitting, and reconstructing, in general, qunits. In this Letter we show for the first time the experimental implementation of these three basic steps on a pure state in a three-dimensional space, by means of the orbital angular momentum of the photons. The reconstruction of the qutrit is performed with tomographic techniques and a maximum-likelihood estimation method. For the tomographic reconstruction we used more than 2400 different projections. In this way we also demonstrate that we can perform any transformation in the three-dimensional space.     

Universal pion freeze-out in heavy-ion collisions

Based on an evaluation of data on pion interferometry and on particle yields at midrapidity, we propose a universal condition for thermal freeze-out of pions in heavy-ion collisions. We show that freeze-out occurs when the mean free path of pions lambda(f) reaches a value of about 1 fm, which is much smaller than the spatial extent of the system at freeze-out. This critical mean free path is independent of the centrality of the collision and beam energy from the Alternating Gradient Synchrotron to the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider.     

Pulsed ytterbium-doped large mode area double-clad fiber amplifier in MOFPA configuration

A pulsed master oscillator fiber power amplifier working in nanosecond range has been developed. An ytterbium-doped double-clad (large mode area) optical fiber was used as an amplifying medium. Actively Q-switched Nd:YVO laser was used as a seed of light pulses. The system worked at the repetition rate from 10 kHz to 40 kHz. At the amplifier output, pulses of 10.9 kW peak-power were achieved. The laser system worked at the slope efficiency of 30%.     

Microcolumn high-performance liquid chromatographic assay for doxycycline in isolated alveolar macrophages.

A procedure for the isolation of doxycycline from the alveolar macrophages is described. Due to the minimal amount of the sample, it was necessary to employ microcolumn HPLC. A great advantage of the methodology developed in the present paper consists in the direct injection of an aqueous supernatant over disintegrated macrophages without the use of liquid-liquid or solid-liquid extraction. Another advantage of the method is the fact that the injection of an aqueous solution on a microcolumn with a lipophilic stationary phase makes the analyzed substances concentrate, which increases the sensitivity of assay. Separation was performed on a Separon SGX C18 microcolumn, 150 x 1 mm, detection at 254 nm by UV, 1 microliter flow cell. Rabbits were treated intravenously with Vibramycin inj. sic. in a dose of 13 mg/kg body weight doxycycline. A procedure for washing macrophages from rabbit lungs was developed. Dry matter of macrophages ranged from 5.9 to 11.4 mg. In the samples of three rabbits the levels of doxycycline ranged from 110 to 270 ng per 1 mg of macrophages dry matter.