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81.
82.
Hyungju Ahn Yonghoon Lee Hoyeon Lee Yoonkeun Kim Du Yeol Ryu Byeongdu Lee 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2013,51(7):567-573
We present an overview of the recent progress on the phase transition in the block copolymer (BCP) films in terms of the interfacial interactions effects of the substrates and the χ (Flory-Huggins segmental interaction parameter) effects between the two blocks. For the BCP films thinner than a critical thickness (Lc) above which the transition is independent of film thickness, the order-to-disorder transition (ODT) increased or decreased with decreasing film thickness depending on the interfacial interaction types. The rapid and slow changes in the ODT were attributed to the relative magnitude of enthalpic contribution to χ between two blocks. Interestingly, a periodic amplification in the block composition for the BCP films suppressed the compositional fluctuation in the film geometry, resulting in the ODT shifts from the bulk ODTs above Lc. This effect of the BCP films was more illustrated by the ODT shift effects depending on the strength of the preferential interactions on the substrates. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys, 2013 相似文献
83.
Degradation of cellulose under alkaline conditions is involved either involuntarily or deliberately in many different cellulose processing steps, such as pulping, bleaching, or aging within the viscose process, and the underlying chemistry has been the topic of numerous studies. When it comes to aging under alkaline conditions—either natural or accelerated (artificial)—the degradation processes are by far less investigated and understood. A prominent example of moderately alkaline cellulosic material is deacidified book paper from libraries which had undergone a mass-deacidification treatment. We studied their aging behavior under accelerated conditions in comparison to non-deacidified duplicates in order to better understand how the alkaline reserve, which was introduced by the deacidification treatment, affects the stability of the books on the long run. GPC analysis of cellulose and determination of carbonyl functionalities were performed, which were critical parameters to achieve a deeper insight into hydrolytic and oxidative changes of cellulose structure upon deacidification treatment and subsequent aging. Also, model book papers impregnated with different amounts of alkaline reserve were used to support the findings from the original book samples. Hydrolytic degradation rates of the original book papers were significantly reduced after mass deacidification compared to the non-deacidified duplicates. The beneficial effect of mass deacidification on cellulose stability was found to be strongly related to the amount of alkaline reserve deposited, independent of varying parameters of book papers. Although some indication of alkali-induced β-elimination was found (a minor decrease of the along-chain carbonyl content in the original deacidified book papers during aging), it did not occur to an extent that significantly influenced the molar mass of cellulose. The beneficial effect of retarded hydrolytic degradation by mass deacidification thus clearly outweighed possible negative alkalinity effects of the deposited alkaline reserve. 相似文献
84.
85.
Eeray Kim Young-Mi Kim Jongmin Ahn Hee-Sung Chae Young-Won Chin Jinwoong Kim 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(12)
Phytochemical investigation on the n-BuOH-soluble fraction of the aerial parts of Epimedium koreanum using the PCSK9 mRNA monitoring assay led to the identification of four previously undescribed acylated flavonoid glycosides and 18 known compounds. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by NMR, MS, and other chemical methods. All isolated compounds were tested for their inhibitory activity against PCSK9 mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. Of the isolates, compounds 6, 7, 10, 15, and 17–22 were found to significantly inhibit PCSK9 mRNA expression. In particular, compound 7 was shown to increase LDLR mRNA expression. Thus, compound 7 may potentially increase LDL uptake and lower cholesterol levels in the blood. 相似文献
86.
Young Her Tae-Kyeong Lee Ji Hyeon Ahn Soon Sung Lim Beom-Goo Kang Jung-Seok Park Bora Kim Hyejin Sim Jae-Chul Lee Hyun Sook Kim Tae Heung Sim Hyun Sam Lee Moo-Ho Won 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,26(1)
Since ancient times, various herbs have been used in Asia, including Korea, China, and Japan, for wound healing and antiaging of the skin. In this study, we manufactured and chemically analyzed a novel distillate obtained from a fermented mixture of nine anti-inflammatory herbs (Angelica gigas, Lonicera japonica, Dictamnus dasycarpus Turcz., D. opposita Thunb., Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, Hordeum vulgare var. hexastichon Aschers., Xanthium strumarium L., Cnidium officinale, and Houttuynia cordata Thunb.). The fermentation of natural plants possesses beneficial effects in living systems. These activities are attributed to the chemical conversion of the parent plants to functional constituents which show more potent biological activities. In our current study, the distillate has been manufactured after fermenting the nine oriental medical plants with Lactobacillus fermentum, followed by distilling. We analyzed the chemical ingredients involved in the distillate and evaluated the effects of topical application of the distillate on ultraviolet B (UVB)-induced skin damage in Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice. Topical application of the distillate significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic morphology of the dorsal skin against photodamage induced by UVB radiation. Additionally, our current results showed that topical application of the distillate alleviated collagen disruption and reduced levels of proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 1 β expressions) in the dorsal skin against UVB radiation. Taken together, our current findings suggest that the distillate has a potential to be used as a material to develop a photoprotective adjuvant. 相似文献
87.
J.-L. Peng H. Ahn R.-H. Shu H.-C. Chui J.W. Nicholson 《Applied physics. B, Lasers and optics》2007,86(1):49-53
A mode-locked Er:fiber laser-based optical frequency comb with high stability in the repetition frequency and carrier-envelope offset (CEO) frequency is realized. The CEO beat signal was detected right after the supercontinuum generation by a compact single-beam f–2f self-referencing interferometer, which does not require further delay compensation. The stabilized repetition frequency has an out-of-loop tracking stability of 1.3×10-13/ for an integration time τ less than 1000 s, which is limited by the stability of the frequency measurement system. The stabilized CEO frequency has a residual fluctuation of 0.52 mHz measured with a 1 s gate time. This is, to our knowledge, the highest tracking stability realized for fiber laser-based optical frequency comb. PACS 06.30.Ft; 42.60.Lh; 42.55.Wd 相似文献
88.
Vinod Mathew Jihyeon Gim Eunjoung Kim Muhammad Hilmy Alfaruqi Jinju Song Docheon Ahn Won Bin Im Younkee Paik Jaekook Kim 《Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry》2014,18(6):1557-1567
In the present study, carbon-coated lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4/C) is prepared directly by a polyol-assisted pyro-synthesis performed under reaction times of a few seconds in open-air conditions. The polyol solvent, tetraethylene glycol (TTEG), acts as a low-cost fuel to facilitate combustion and the released exothermic energy promotes the nucleation and growth processes of the olivine nanoparticles. In addition, phosphoric acid (used as the phosphorous source) acts as a catalyst to accelerate polyol carbonization. The structure analysis of the as-prepared LiFePO4/C using X-ray, neutron diffraction and 7Li NMR studies suggested the efficacy of the rapid technique to produce highly crystalline phase-pure olivine nanocrystals. The electron microscopy and particle-size distribution studies revealed that the average particle diameters lie below 100 nm and confirmed the presence of a surface carbon layer of 2–3 nm thickness. The thermal and elemental studies indicated that the carbon content in the sample was approximately 5 %. The prepared LiFePO4/C cathode delivered capacities of 162 mA h g-1 at 0.1 °C rates with impressive capacity retention for extended cycling. The polyol-assisted pyro-synthesis, which evades the use of external energy sources, is not only a straightforward, simple and timely approach but also offers opportunities for large-scale LiFePO4/C production. 相似文献
89.
Xiayi Hu Enzo Mangano Daniel Friedrich Hyungwoong Ahn Stefano Brandani 《Adsorption》2014,20(1):121-135
A systematic study of the diffusion mechanism of CO2 in commercial 13X zeolite beads is presented. In order to gain a complete understanding of the diffusion process of CO2, kinetic measurements with a zero length column (ZLC) system and a volumetric apparatus have been carried out. The ZLC experiments were carried out on a single bead of zeolite 13X at 38 °C at a partial pressure of CO2 of 0.1 bar, conditions representative of post-combustion capture. Experiments with different carrier gases clearly show that the diffusion process is controlled by the transport inside the macropores. Volumetric measurements using a Quantachrome Autosorb system were carried out at different concentrations. These experiments are without a carrier gas and the low pressure measurements show clearly Knudsen diffusion control in both the uptake cell and the bead macropores. At increasing CO2 concentrations the transport mechanism shifts from Knudsen diffusion in the macropores to a completely heat limited process. Both sets of experiments are consistent with independent measurements of bead void fraction and tortuosity and confirm that under the range of conditions that are typical of a carbon capture process the system is controlled by macropore diffusion mechanisms. 相似文献
90.
Hyeohn Kim Sang Won Im Nam Heon Cho Da Hye Seo Ryeong Myeong Kim Yae‐Chan Lim Hye‐Eun Lee Hyo‐Yong Ahn Ki Tae Nam 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(31):12976-12983
Chiral optical metamaterials with delicate structures are in high demand in various fields because of their strong light–matter interactions. Recently, a scalable strategy for the synthesis of chiral plasmonic nanoparticles (NPs) using amino acids and peptides has been reported. Reported herein, 3D chiral gold NPs were synthesized using dipeptide γ‐Glu‐Cys and Cys‐Gly and analyzed crystallographically. The γ‐Glu‐Cys‐directed NPs present a cube‐like outline with a protruding chiral wing. In comparison, the NPs synthesized with Cys‐Gly exhibited a rhombic dodecahedron‐like outline with curved edges and elliptical cavities on each face. Morphology analysis of intermediates indicated that γ‐Glu‐Cys generated an intermediate concave hexoctahedron morphology, while Cys‐Gly formed a concave rhombic dodecahedron. NPs synthesized with Cys‐Gly are named 432 helicoid V because of their unique morphology and growth pathway. 相似文献