Influence of dislocations in the GaN layer on the electrical properties of an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure

This paper reports on a comparative study of the spatial distributions of the electrical, optical, and structural properties in an AlGaN/GaN heterostructure. Edge dislocation density in the GaN template layer is shown to decrease in the regions of the wafer where the heterostructure sheet resistance increases and the GaN photoluminescence band-edge energy peak shifts to a high wavelength. This phenomenon is found to be attributed to the local compressive strain surrounding edge dislocation, which will generate a local piezoelectric polarization field in the GaN layer in the opposite direction to the piezoelectric polarization field in the AlGaN layer and thus help to increase the two-dimensional electron gas concentration.     

BaCuO_2的添加对YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-δ)临界电流密度的影响

掺入BaCuO2杂相的YBa2Cu3O7-δ(YBCO)粉末样品采用固相反应方法制备获得。XRD的Rietveld精修显示BaCuO2杂相和YBCO并存。在YBCO+xBaCuO2(x=0,0.05,0.1,0.2,0.3)的一系列样品中,当x=0.05时,样品的临界电流密度最大。在磁场中,微量BaCuO2杂相的添加,使YBCO的临界电流(Jc)提高了,但超导转变温度(Tc)稍微有所下降。临界电流密度的这些特征行为来自于两方面的共同作用,一方面是超导性的变化,另一方面纳米尺寸范围内的空间分布的非均匀性。     

超宽带减反射膜的设计和制备

设计了400～900 nm波段上的超宽带减反射膜,在410～850 nm范围内的平均残余反射率设计值约为0.2%,在设计的全波段上约为0.24%.讨论了初始膜系结构的选择原则,分析了带宽、膜层折射率差、最外层折射率和膜层总厚度等因素对宽带减反射特性的影响.对特定的带宽.增加两种薄膜材料的折射率差和选择尽可能低的最外层折射率对获得优良的减反射特性是非常重要的.实验制备了K9玻璃上TiO2/MgF2两种材料组成的8层结构的超宽带减反射膜,实测结果表明,在带宽520 nm范围内的平均残余反射率约为0.44%,说明用二种材料设计超宽带减反射膜是成功的,对垂直入射的减反射膜.多种材料的膜系并不比两种材料更具优越性.     

Top-hat cw laser induced thermal mirror: a complete model for material characterization

A complete theoretical model is presented for the thermal mirror technique under top-hat laser excitation. Considering the attenuation of the top-hat excitation laser intensity along the thickness of a sample due to its optical absorption coefficient, we calculate the laser-induced temperature and surface deformation profiles. A simplified theoretical model for a high absorption sample is also developed. The center intensity of a probe beam reflected from the thermal mirror at a detector plane is derived. Numerical simulation shows that the thermal mirror under the top-hat laser excitation is as sensitive as that under Gaussian laser excitation. With top-hat laser excitation, the experimental results of thermo-physical properties of opaque samples are found to be well consistent with literature values, validating the theory.     

Microstructures and properties of high Cr content coatings on inner surfaces of carbon steel tubular components prepared by a novel mechanical alloying method

In the present work, a novel mechanical alloying method was developed to prepare high Cr content coatings on the inner surface of carbon steel tubular components using a planetary ball mill. The microstructure and elemental and phase composition of mechanically alloyed coatings at different processing conditions were studied using SEM, XRD, and EDX. It showed that a proper increase in the applied milling time and the disc rotation speed favored the improvement in the thickness, surface smoothness, densification level, and microstructural homogeneity of the deposited coatings. With processing conditions optimized (rotation speed of 500 rpm and milling time of 10 h), a fully dense, 120 μm thick, high Cr content coating, consisting of metal Cr and Fe-20Cr solid solution alloy, was metallurgically bonded to the inner substrate. Comparative studies on the microhardness, corrosion resistance, and anti-oxidation capability of carbon steel substrates with and without coatings were performed. It was found that the maximum microhardness of the coating reached HV_0.1667, showing a threefold improvement upon the substrate. The coated surfaces exhibited favorable resistance against corrosion and thermal oxidation as compared with the bare substrate. Based on two important action mechanisms (i.e., friction effect and impact effect) associated with a planetary ball mill, a reasonable mechanism was presented for the formation of mechanically alloyed coatings on inner surfaces of tubular components.     

沉积速率和氧分压对HfO2薄膜残余应力的影响

采用ZYGO MarkIII-GPI数字波面干涉仪对以K9玻璃为基底的电子束蒸发方法制备的HfO₂薄膜中的残余应力进行了研究,讨论了沉积速率、氧分压这两种工艺参量对HfO₂薄膜残余应力的影响.实验结果表明：在所有的工艺条件下,薄膜的残余应力均为张应力;随着沉积速率的升高,氧分压的减小,薄膜的堆积密度逐渐增大,而残余应力呈减小趋势.同时用X射线衍射技术测量分析了不同工艺条件下HfO₂薄膜的晶体结构,探讨了HfO₂薄膜晶体 关键词： 残余应力 2薄膜')" href="#">HfO₂薄膜 沉积速率 氧分压     

薄膜法布里-珀罗滤光片中反射高斯光束分裂现象

提出了一种模拟薄膜法布里-珀罗滤光片中反射光束分裂现象的方法.根据反射率曲线，简单解释了产生这个现象的原因.实验上制备了薄膜法布里-珀罗滤光片，观察和测量了反射光束分裂的现象，理论计算基本与实验结果符合. 关键词： 薄膜 法布里-珀罗 光束分裂     

改进的同步迭代算法在光声血管成像中的应用

光声成像结合了光学成像和声学成像的优点，是一种高分辨率，高对比度的无损伤医学成像技术.一种改进的同步迭代算法应用于光声图像重建.仿真和模拟结果表明，与传统的代数迭代算法相比，在90°，135°，180°的有限场光声成像中，此算法对测量误差的校正和迭代次数的收敛上具有较大的优势，图像重建的速度和成像质量都有了明显的提高.实验中，一种圆形扫描结构的光声成像装置，用于180°的有限场扫描，利用改进的同步迭代算法，重建出了高对比度和高分辨率（60μm）的鸡胚胎光声血管图像.实验证明，这种算法的应用，大幅度减少了数据采集时间，为光声成像技术运用于实时监测血流灌注和肿瘤光动力治疗的血管损伤效应提供了潜在的应用价值. 关键词： 光声成像 有限角度 代数迭代算法 光声血管成像     

用多次冲击压缩方法研究稠密氢氦等摩尔混合气体的物态方程

采用液氮冷却以及气体增压技术，制备了～30MPa及～90K初始状态的氢、氦等摩尔混合气体样品.以二级轻气炮作为加载工具，用不同灵敏度设置的两套多通道瞬态高温计系统获得完整、清晰的稠密氢、氦混合气体多次冲击压缩过程的光谱辐射强度信号.并建立起相应的实验数据处理和分析技术，获得了5—140GPa范围内氢、氦混合气体一至五次冲击雨贡纽物态方程，以及一次、二次和四次冲击温度实验数据.流体变分理论和离解模型用来分析和解释所获得的测量结果. 关键词： 氢、氦混合气体 多次冲击压缩 光谱辐射强度历史 物态方程     

用于投影显示的分色合色膜系的消偏振设计

由于斜入射时,光学薄膜存在一定的偏振效应,将产生S-和P-偏振光的光谱分离.在Philips棱镜系统中,分色合色膜系通常分色时对S-光应用,合色时则对P-光应用.从提高光能利用率、减少杂散光和增加系统对比度等因素综合考虑,要求分色合色膜系的S-和P-偏振光的分离尽可能小.新设计方法采用宽带法布里－珀罗薄膜干涉滤光片中心波长两侧的干涉带作为长波通或短波通截止滤光片,可实现S-和P-偏振分量的分离几乎为零.