大面阵激光二极管阵列端面泵浦耦合技术

为了满足常温Yb:YAG激光放大器对泵浦功率密度的要求,设计了一种高缩束比的耦合系统。根据激光二极管（LD）的发光特性,将输出功率为80 kW的LD阵列进行拟球面排列,采用正交柱面透镜配合空心导光管进行泵浦耦合,耦合系统的面积缩束比高达86∶1。模拟计算表明,该耦合系统的耦合效率对导光管反射板的反射率依赖性较低,且脱离耦合系统后的泵浦光传输8.5 mm后,依然可以保持泵浦光场的轮廓,满足端面泵浦的常温Yb:YAG片状放大器对泵浦耦合系统的要求。     

含CdS的聚碳酸醋薄膜的光电效应

近来有一些学者从理论或实践上探讨了模拟植物光合作用的光电化学膜体系用于太阳能转换的可能性。这种体系的核心是一个具有光活性的膜,把两个含有氧化还原偶的水溶液分隔开;当膜受光照时在膜里产生电荷(电子和空穴)的分离,电子到膜的一侧引起一个还原反应而空穴到膜的另一侧引起一个氧化反应。本文用一种聚碳酸酯的透明薄膜(商品名Nuclepore membrane),膜上已用中子照射的方法打好了大小和分布都很均匀的大量微孔,然后在这些微孔里形成CdS沉淀。这样得到的光活性膜体系,改性后在光照时能     

Dissolution of cellulose in aqueous NaOH/urea solution: role of urea

Urea can improve the solubility and stability of cellulose in aqueous alkali solution, while its role has not come to a conclusion. To reveal the role of urea in solution, NMR was introduced to investigate the interaction between urea and the other components in solution. Results from chemical shifts and longitudinal relaxation times show that: (1) urea has no strong direct interaction with cellulose as well as NaOH; (2) urea does not have much influence on the structural dynamics of water. Urea may play its role through van der Waals force. It may accumulate on the cellulose hydrophobic region to prevent dissolved cellulose molecules from re-gathering. The driving force for the self-assembly of cellulose and urea molecules might be hydrophobic interaction. In the process of cellulose dissolution, OH^? breaks the hydrogen bonds, Na⁺ hydrations stabilize the hydrophilic hydroxyl groups and urea stabilizes the hydrophobic part of cellulose.     

A new perspective for effect of S and Cu on the photocatalytic activity of S,Cu-codoped nano-TiO2 under visible light irradiation

Sulfur and copper codoped TiO₂ nanoparticles were prepared by sol-hydrothermal process. And the samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Raman spectra analysis, scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer Emmett Teller analysis, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectra and X-ray fluorescence analysis. It was found that the S, Cu-codoped TiO₂ became amorphous with the increase of Cu content, and copper on the surface of TiO₂ existed in the oxidation state of Cu(II) while S in the form of S⁶⁺ species. And the codoped particles had higher surface area, smaller particle size, stronger spectral response in visible region compared with pure TiO₂. The effects of doping amount in a wide range, catalyst dosage, and recycle on the photocatalytic activity of the codoped catalysts were investigated with Acid Orange 7 as the model compound under visible light illumination (λ > 447 nm). The results showed that S (2.0 %), Cu (5.0 %) codoped TiO₂ had the highest visible light photocatalytic activity and good reusability performance. The kinetic study showed that this photocatalytic process coincided with the Langmuir–Hinshelwood pseudo first order reaction model.     

水浴加热密闭溶样石墨炉原子吸收光谱法测定化探样品中的痕量金

以王水、氟化钾、Fe3+溶液为溶剂,对化探样品进行水浴加热分解1.5 h,经泡沫塑料吸附后,于90℃以上硫脲溶液中解吸20 min,然后采用石墨炉原子吸收光谱仪测定其中的金含量。对仪器分析条件进行了优化。金的质量分数在0.1~100.0 ng/g范围内与吸光度呈良好的线性,线性相关系数r2=0.999 3,检出限为0.100 ng/g。该方法对金标准物质测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.96%~9.25%(n=12),对国家一级标准物质进行分析,测定结果与标准值相符合。该方法满足1∶50 000化探样品中痕量金的分析要求。     

Facile fabrication of asphaltene-derived graphene-polyurethane sponges for efficient and selective oil-water separation

Based on the natural graphene-structure in the raw asphaltene material, a graphene-polyurethane sponge (GPU) oil-absorption material was prepared via a facile and inexpensive route of dip-coated sponge carbonization, which used low-value petroleum asphlatene as the dip-coating reagent and polyurethane sponges as the template. The GPU presents high hydrophobic and super oleophilic properties, as well as the excellent oil absorption performance. And its chloroform absorption capacity could reach 123 times its original mass, which is significantly higher than that of most reported oil absorbents. Furthermore, the GPU exhibits good recyclability. It has the promising applications in the pollution control of spilt oil.     

临床免疫检验分析前的质量控制及对策分析

目的评价临床免疫检验分析前进行质量控制的效果,分析临床影响免疫检验分析结果的相关因素,并探讨解决对策。方法选取深圳市盐田区妇幼保健院2016年2月至9月期间收治的116例患者作为研究对象,并将116例患者随机分为试验组和对照组,对试验组患者实施临床免疫检验分析前进行质量控制,对照组进行常规临床免疫检验分析,对比两组患者临床免疫检验分析结果与病理结果的符合率,分析影响临床免疫检验分析结果的相关因素。结果试验组患者各项免疫指标检验分析结果与病理结果的符合率均较对照组患者高,两组比较存在的差异具有统计学意义(P0.05);经分析发现清洗液更换、检验环境、检验人员的专业技能等因素均会对临床免疫检验结果产生影响,医院检验科应加强临床免疫检验前的分析、准备工作以及各个检验环节的质量控制和工作人员的专业技能培训。结论多种因素会对临床免疫检验结果产生影响,检验分析前的质量控制能够提高临床免疫检验结果的准确性。     

Growth of large-sized Ce:Y3Al5O12 (Ce:YAG) scintillation crystal by the temperature gradient technique (TGT)

In this work, Ce:YAG crystal with the size of ?4 in was successfully grown by the TGT method. The optical and scintillation properties of as-grown Ce:YAG crystals were investigated. Three obvious absorption bands at 223, 340 and 460 nm and two weak color-center absorption bands at 296 and 370 nm are observed in as-grown Ce:YAG crystal. Fluorescence with an emission peak at 398 nm is observed due to the color centers, and absorption bands of the color centers can be eliminated by annealing in O₂ or H₂ atmosphere at 1673 K for 24 h. Yellow-green fluorescence centered at 530 nm is found when the crystal was excited at 460 nm and the 530 nm excitation spectrum shows two peaks at 340 and 460 nm. X-ray fluorescence spectrum of as-grown crystal shows three emission peaks at 300, 360 and 530 nm. An average light output of 1360 phe/MeV and a single exponential decay with the decay time constant of 62.97 ns are found in as-grown Ce:YAG crystal.