Predicting Quantum Many-Body Dynamics with Transferable Neural Networks

Advanced machine learning(ML)approaches such as transfer learning have seldom been applied to approximate quantum many-body systems.Here we demonstrate that a simple recurrent unit(SRU)based efficient and transferable sequence learning framework is capable of learning and accurately predicting the time evolution of the one-dimensional(ID)Ising model with simultaneous transverse and parallel magnetic fields,as quantitatively corroborated by relative entropy measurements between the predicted and exact state distributions.At a cost of constant computational complexity,a larger many-body state evolution is predicted in an autoregressive way from just one initial state,without any guidance or knowledge of any Hamiltonian.Our work paves the way for future applications of advanced ML methods in quantum many-body dynamics with knowledge only from a smaller system.     

氟化硼碳平面的第一性原理研究

基于第一性原理的理论计算,研究了不同氟化程度的BC3,BC5,BC7的稳定结构和电子特征,发现通过B原子替代C原子,F原子与平面结构的结合能力更强了,氟化的硼碳结构比氢化的硼碳结构更加稳定.研究发现:当只有C原子与F原子成键时,体系变成半导体,而当B原子与F原子成键时,即所有原子都与F原子成键,体系变成导体.通过不同程度的氟化,BC3发生半导体-金属的转变,BC5和BC7发生金属-半导体-金属的转变.理论分析表明,B原子的pz轨道对电学性质变化有较大影响.由于其丰富的电学特性,此类氟化硼碳平面在纳米电子器件领域中具有潜在应用,并且该结果对实验合成也有一定的指导意义.     

自旋为1/2的XY模型亚铁磁棱型链的物性和有序-无序竞争

利用不变本征算符法, 计算低温下自旋为1/2的XY模型一维亚铁磁棱型链系统的元激发谱, 讨论在此系统中不同的特殊情形下的元激发能量, 从而给出体系的三个临界磁场强度的解析解H_C1, H_C2, H_peak. 分析不同外磁场下 体系的磁化强度随温度的变化规律, 发现三个临界磁场强度的解析解H_C1, H_C2, H_peak是正确的, 并从三个元激发对磁化强度的贡献进行了说明. 低温下磁化强度随外磁场的变化呈现1/3磁化平台. 体系的磁化率随温度或者外磁场的变化都出现了双峰现象. 这说明双峰源于二聚体分子内电子自旋平行排列的铁磁交换作 用能和二聚体与单基体分子间电子自旋反平行排列的反铁磁交换作用能, 热无序能, 外磁场强度相关的自旋磁矩势能之间的竞争.     

人工调控微结构压电驻极体的热稳定性和电荷动态特性

利用表面带有周期性结构的硬质模板,通过冷压工艺将周期结构图案复制到多孔聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)薄膜表面,再经过热黏合工艺与致密氟化乙丙烯共聚物(FEP)薄膜复合,制备出了高度有序的微孔结构复合膜,并用电晕充电的方法对复合膜进行极化处理,最终获得氟聚合物复合膜压电驻极体.借助对这类复合膜压电驻极体介电谐振谱的测量,得到了材料的杨氏模量.并利用等温热老化工艺对它们的压电系数d33的热稳定性进行了考察.最后通过短路热刺激放电谱的测量和分析,讨论了该复合膜在热老化处理后的电荷动态 关键词： 有序结构 压电驻极体 压电性 电荷动态特性     

PbMoO4晶体生长基元和生长习性的高温拉曼光谱研究

应用高温拉曼光谱研究了PbMoO₄熔体中的生长基元.通过对不同温度下PbMoO₄晶体拉曼光谱和熔点温度附近熔体高温拉曼光谱的研究,发现PbMoO₄熔体中存在Pb²⁺阳离子和［MoO₄］^2－阴离子生长基元.进一步讨论了PbMoO₄晶体生长基元和各个低指数晶面间的相互作用,解释了晶体的生长习性和枝晶生长的原因,并指出:PbMoO₄晶体生 关键词： 钼酸铅晶体 枝晶 籽晶取向 拉曼光谱     

纳米晶复合Pr2Fe14B/α-Fe永磁材料磁性的研究

采用熔体快淬的方法制备Pr₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe纳米晶复合永磁材料.使用振动样品磁强计(VSM)测量样品的室温磁性能.实验合金成分为(Pr_xFe_94.3-xB_5.7)_0.99Zr₁(其中x＝8.2，8.6，9.0，9.4，9.8，10.2，10.6，11.0，11.4(原子分数，%)).系统地研究了辊速及合金成分对快淬带磁性能的影响，当Pr原子分数由8. 关键词： 纳米复合永磁材料 熔体快淬 2Fe₁₄B/α-Fe')" href="#">Pr₂Fe₁₄B/α-Fe 磁性     

Coherent control of non-resonant two-photon transition in molecular system

In this paper,we study theoretically and experimentally the coherent control of non-resonant two-photon transition in a molecular system (Perylene dissolved in chloroform solution) by shaping the femtosecond pulses with simple phase patterns (cosinusoidal and π phase step-function shape).The control efficiency of the two-photon transition probability is correlated with both the laser field and the molecular absorption bandwidth.Our results demonstrate that,the two-photon transition probability in a molecular system can be reduced but not completely eliminated by manipulating the laser field,and the control efficiency is minimal when the molecular absorption bandwidth is larger than twice the laser spectral bandwidth.     

Modeling of the Temporally and Spatially Modulated Fourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer working in orbit

Temporally and Spatially Modulated Fourier Transform Imaging Spectrometer (TSMFTIS) is a new kind of imaging spectrometer and is applicable in remote sensing. Compared with Temporally Modulated Imaging Interferometer and Spatially Modulated Imaging Interferometer, it employs immovable parts and abandons slit. Based on the analysis of its physical theory, optical principle, data gathering and processing, the mathematical model of the TSMFTIS working in orbit is proposed in this paper. The model is comprised of different function blocks, such as fore-optics, interferometer and so on. For simulation, a big remote sensing image is utilized as ground scene, and a conversion which is similar to color mode conversion from RGB to Lab is made to produce artificial spectra of various ground objects. At last, a validation experiment is performed with real-world spectra of four pieces of colorful cloths by using a commercially available spectrometer.     

Structural and electronic properties of cobalt carbide Co2C and its surface stability: Density functional theory study

Density functional theory calculations have been performed to investigate the structural and electronic properties of bulk Co₂C and the stability of low index Co₂C surfaces. We found that the formation of Co₂C is exothermic with the formation energy of ? 0.81 eV/Co₂C with respect to Co under the presence of syngas (mixture of CO and H₂). While formed Co₂C can be decomposed further to metal Co and graphite carbon with modest energy gain of 0.37 eV/Co₂C. This suggests that Co₂C is only metastable in Fischer–Tropsch synthesis, which agrees well with experimental findings. The density of states (DOSs) reveals that the Co₂C is paramagnetic and strong metallic-like. The difference of charge density analysis indicates that the bond of Co₂C is of the mixtures of metallic, covalent, and ionic properties. A variety of low index Co₂C surfaces with different terminations are studied. We find that the surface energy of low index stoichiometric Co₂C highly relies on the surface area, the number of coordination of surface atoms and the surface dipole, with the decreased stability order of (101) > (011) > (010) > (110) > (100) > (001) = (111). Our results indicate that under Co-poor condition, the formation of non ? stoichiometric surface (011) and (111) without terminated cobalt is energetically more favorable, while under Co-rich condition the formation of non ? stoichiometric (111) surface with cobalt overlayer are preferential.     

半导体制冷片制作的高能激光靶屏

 为了用热图法测量高能激光强度的时空分布,设计了将半导体制冷片作为激光靶屏的测量方案。研制了由16个50 mm×50 mm的制冷片组装成的总面积为200 mm×200 mm、总制冷功率超4 800 W的靶屏, 屏四周安装了8个红外标定物用于校正红外图像的畸变。理论上用热传导方程建立了激光辐照半导体制冷片靶屏的加热模型;数值模拟了屏表面温度分布同光强分布的关系,论证了氧化铝陶瓷材料制成的半导体制冷片作为高能激光靶屏的可行性,以及制冷片的制冷功能对测试性能的改善;通过实验验证了研制的靶屏测量光强是可行的。