头孢菌素酸的酯化引起其α,β双键移位的研究

本文采用各种方法合成若干噻孢霉素酯,并用~1H核磁共振谱测定其双键移位的比例。实验表明有机碱与极性溶剂都会促进双键移位。最后讨论了可能的机理。     

不同浓度Nb掺杂ZnO第一性原理研究

本文采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算了不同浓度Nb掺杂ZnO的能带结构及性能,并对本征ZnO、Al掺杂ZnO(AZO)和Nb掺杂ZnO(NZO)的模拟结果进行对比分析。结果表明:(1)NZO和AZO的带隙值均低于本征ZnO的带隙值,掺杂浓度(原子数分数)同为6.25%的NZO的带隙值低于AZO的带隙值。随着Nb掺杂浓度增高,NZO的导带底明显降低,态密度峰值降低,且Nb-4d态电子占据了费米能级的主要量子态。(2)随着掺杂浓度的增加,NZO和AZO吸收峰和介电函数峰均降低,且向低能区移动,其中,NZO吸收峰向低能区移动更明显,且介电函数虚部分别在0.42 eV和34.29 eV出现新的峰,主要是价带中Nb-4d和Nb-5p电子能级跃迁所致。掺杂浓度同为6.25%的NZO的静介电常数大于AZO的静介电常数,表明NZO极化能力更强,NZO可以更有效改善ZnO的光电性能。随着Nb掺杂浓度增加,NZO的吸收系数和介电函数虚部强度增加且向高能区移动。NZO的模拟结果为高价态元素Nb掺杂ZnO的实验研究工作及实际应用提供了理论参考。     

On Critical FujitaExponents for a Degenerate Parabolic Equation With Nonlinear Boundary Condition

Our interest is to determine the critical Fujita exponent concerned withthe following initial-boundary value problemut= Δum, x ∈RN+, t>0,(1)u(x,0)=u0(x), x∈RN+,(2)-(um)/(x1)=up, x1=0, t>0,(3)where RN+=(x1, x′)| x′∈R{N-1, x1>0,m>1, p>0, and u0(x) is a nonnegative bounded function with compact supportsatisfying thecompatibility condition-(um0(x))/(x1)=up0(x), x1=0.We call p0 the critical global existence exponent if ithas the following property: if p>p0, there always exist nonglobalsolutions of the problem (1)--(3) while if 0pc small data solutionsexist globally in time while large data solutions are nonglobal.     

Inorganic nanotubes formation through the synergic evolution of dynamic templates and metallophosphates: from vesicles to nanotubes

A novel synergic evolution of dynamic assembly, from vesicles to nanotubes, between the metallophosphates and organic amines, is disclosed, by which the multicomponent metallophosphate (Cu(2)(OH)PO(4)) nanotubes are synthesized for the first time.     

在线自动配标-离子色谱法同时测定饮用水中7种阴离子的含量

建立了在线自动配标技术同时测定水样中常见阴离子的电导检测-离子色谱分析方法。以较高浓度7种阴离子混合标准母液,通过万通多思(Disino)在线加液单元定量进样4~200μL,7种阴离子进样质量浓度与其峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数均在0.9999以上。水样加标回收率93.6%~106%,测定结果相对标准偏差(RSD)在1.5%~2.8%(n=6)。在线自动配标方法操作简单,准确度好,能够降低在绘制工作曲线中配制梯度浓度的标准样品出现的误差,提高分析效率,能够满足水样中F-、Cl-、NO2、Br、NO3、PO4^3、SO4^27种阴离子的测定要求。     

Metal‐Substituted Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework ZIF‐108: Gas‐Sorption and Membrane‐Separation Properties

A series of dual‐metal zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF) crystals with SOD and RHO topologies was synthesised by metal substitution from ZIF‐108 (Zn(2‐nitroimidazolate)₂, SOD topology) as the parent material. This was based on the concept that metal substitution of ZIF‐108 requires a much lower activation energy than homogenous nucleation owing to the metastability of ZIF‐108. In‐depth investigations of the formation processes of the daughter ZIFs indicated that the transformation of ZIF‐108 is a dissolution/heterogeneous nucleation process. Typical isostructural Co²⁺ substitution mainly occurs at the outer surface of ZIF‐108 and results in a core–shell structure. On the contrary, the Cu²⁺‐substituted ZIF has a RHO topology with a homogeneous distribution of Cu²⁺ ions in the structure. Substitution with Ni²⁺ resulted in a remarkable enhancement in adsorption selectivity toward CO₂ over N₂ by a factor of up to 227. With Co²⁺‐substituted nanoparticles as inorganic filler, a mixed matrix membrane based on polysulfone displayed greatly improved performance in the separation of H₂/CH₄, CO₂/N₂ and CO₂/CH₄.     

磁致伸缩超声换能器阻抗匹配网络的设计

根据磁致伸缩超声换能器的等效电路模型和阻抗匹配理论,该文设计了一种优化的π型匹配网络.该网络具有调谐、变阻和滤波的功能,适用于工作在中低频超声频率范围内的磁致伸缩超声换能器系统的阻抗匹配.仿真和实验结果表明:接入该π型阻抗匹配网络后,驱动电源与换能器之间实现了最大功率传输,换能器两端电信号的波形质量得到优化,换能器激励...