NONLINEAR SATURATION OF BAROCLINIC INSTABILITY IN THE GENERALIZED PHILLIPS MODEL (Ⅰ) -THE UPPER BOUND ON THE EVOLUTION OF DISTURBANCE TO THE NONLINEARLY UNSTABLE BASIC FLOW

On the basis of the nonlinear stability theorem in the context of Arnol’s second theorem for the generalized Phillips model, nonlinear saturation of baroclinic instability in the generalized Phillips model is investigated. By choosing appropriate artificial stable basic flows, the upper bounds on the disturbance energy and potential enstrophy to the nonlinearly unstable basic flow in the generalized Phillips model are obtained, which are analytic completely and without the limitation of infinitesimal initial disturbance.     

Some theoretical problems on variational data assimilation

Theoretical aspects of variational data assimilation (VDA) for a simple model with both global and local observational data are discussed. For the VDA problems with global observational data, the initial conditions and parameters for the model are revisited and the model itself is modified. The estimates of both error and convergence rate are theoretically made and the validity of the method is proved. For VDA problem with local observation data, the conventional VDA method are out of use due to the ill-posedness of the problem. In order to overcome the difficulties caused by the ill-posedness, the initial conditions and parameters of the model are modified by using the improved VDA method, and the estimates of both error and convergence rate are also made. Finally, the validity of the improved VDA method is proved through theoretical analysis and illustrated with an example, and a theoretical criterion of the regularization parameters is proposed.     

Improved charge injection of pentacene transistors by immobilizing DNA on gold source-drain electrodes

The pyrocarbon materials investigated here are examples of disordered graphene-based carbons whose crystallite size L _a ranges from 2 to 5 nm. This L _a size range is between two different Raman behaviors, one for which the D band broadens (for L _a  < 2 nm) and the other for which the D band sharpens (for L _a  > 5 nm) respectively, with increasing L _a . To fully understand the nature of the G band signal, we checked its wavelength behavior from UV to near IR. We demonstrated that the Raman spectrum is well fitted with simply two Lorentzians with various respective contributions centered at the wavenumber of the D band and a Breit–Wigner–Fano shape for the G band. Each intensity contribution for the D band varies linearly with L _a between 2 and 5 nm while the total D band intensity is nearly constant for excitation wavelengths ranging from 0.532 to 0.638 μm. In contrast, the integrated intensity ratio D/G follows the well-known $L_{a}^{-1}$ law. The two subbands building the D band are related to the lifetime of the electrons involved in the double resonance process which can be scattered twice. Their respective occurrences therefore depend on the crystallite size L _a , when below ≈5 nm.     

The statistical sinogram smoothing via adaptive-weighted total variation regularization for low-dose X-ray CT

Though clinically desired, low-dose X-ray computed tomography (CT) images tend to be degraded by the noise-contaminated sinogram data. Preprocessing the noisy sinogram before filtered back-projection (FBP) is an effective way to solve this problem. This paper presents a statistical sinogram smoothing approach for low-dose CT reconstruction. The approach is obtained by minimizing an energy function consisting of an adaptive-weighted total variation (AWTV) regularization term and a data fidelity term based on the Markov random fields (MRF) framework. The AWTV regularization term can make our algorithm automatically adjust the smoothing degree according to the feature and the level of noise of the smoothed pixel. The experimental results indicate that the proposed approach has the excellent performance in visual effects and quantitative analysis.     

266nm下邻二甲苯双光子电离质谱的研究

利用YAG激光器输出的四倍频激光对邻二甲苯分子的多光子电离过程进行了研究,获得了邻二甲苯分子的多光子电离飞行时间质谱（MPI-TOFMS）,其母体离子及碎片离子信号达22种之多。光强指数分析表明母体离子C8H^＋10和主要的碎片离子C7H^＋7、C6H^＋5发生了1＋1共振增强双光子电离（RE2MPI）。     

双包层大模场面积保偏掺镱光子晶体光纤研究

采用改进的化学气相沉积法和溶液掺杂法制备出掺镱石英光纤预制棒,以该预制棒为有源纤芯制备芯区直径约为30μm的双包层保偏掺镱光子晶体光纤.模拟计算得到该保偏光纤的模场面积约232μm2,双折射系数B为5×10-5.利用该光纤分别进行了脉冲激光和连续激光的放大测试实验,在国内首次实现了高效率的飞秒激光放大,2 m长的光子晶体光纤可得到1.64 W的激光输出,激光放大斜率效率为49.8%.同时5 m长的光纤还能够实现8.12 W的连续激光放大输出,斜率效率达到55.9%,具有较高的斜率效率.此外,该光纤消光比约10 dB,具有良好的保偏特性.     

兰州重离子医疗装置同步环安装控制网设计

介绍了兰州重离子医疗装置(HIMM)建造中准直安装方案里核心的测量控制网设计。同步环准直测量控制网是基于Leica AT401激光跟踪仪和综合测量软件SA建立的三维测量控制网,在控制网设计中采用9个基准柱和2个激光干涉测量得到的基准长度参考,以及Leica DNA03数字水准仪协同测量,使全局三维控制网设计精度达到0.04mm,最终确保同步环四极磁铁安装精度达到0.10mm的要求指标,为将来束流的稳定运行做好可靠的保证。     

W波段扩展互作用速调管电子光学系统

W波段扩展互作用速调管电子光学系统由皮尔斯电子枪与均匀永磁聚焦系统组成,用于电子注的产生与传输。利用Vaughan迭代综合法及数值模拟优化设计了皮尔斯电子枪,并按照电子注传输特性要求研制了均匀永磁聚焦结构。根据电子光学系统的三维模拟,导流系数0.21μP,注电流大于0.5A,注平均半径小于0.3mm,射程大于11mm。永磁聚焦磁场约0.33T,传输距离大于50mm,电子注通过率达到100%。电子枪与聚焦系统已加工完毕并通过测试,技术指标满足要求。     

Photoredox-catalyzed aminofluorosulfonylation of unactivated olefins

The development of efficient approaches to access sulfonyl fluorides is of great significance because of the widespread applications of these structural motifs in many areas, among which the emerging sulfur(vi) fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry is the most prominent. Here, we report the first three-component aminofluorosulfonylation of unactivated olefins by merging photoredox-catalyzed proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) activation with radical relay processes. Various aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides featuring a privileged 5-membered heterocyclic core have been efficiently afforded under mild conditions with good functional group tolerance. The synthetic potential of the sulfonyl fluoride products has been examined by diverse transformations including SuFEx reactions and transition metal-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. Mechanistic studies demonstrate that amidyl radicals, alkyl radicals and sulfonyl radicals are involved in this difunctionalization transformation.

A three-component aminofluorosulfonylation of unactivated alkenes has been developed by merging photocatalytic PCET with radical relay processes, affording various aliphatic sulfonyl fluorides featuring medicinally privileged heterocyclic scaffolds.     

A sufficient condition for planar graphs with maximum degree 8 to be 9-totally colorable

A total k-coloring of a graph G is a coloring of V(G) ∪ E(G) using k colors such that no two adjacent or incident elements receive the same color. The total chromatic number χ'(G) is the smallest integer k such that G has a total k-coloring. It is known that if a planar graph G has maximum degree Δ≥ 9, then χ'(G) = Δ + 1. In this paper, we prove that if G is a planar graph with maximum degree 8 and without a fan of four adjacent 3-cycles, then χ'(G) = 9.