微重力环境中空气流动与辐射热损失对火焰传播的影响

本文建立了包含辐射热损失的火焰沿热薄燃料表面传播的数学模型。燃毁点的密度作为待求参数出现在模型中。数值计算结果表明,在微重力环境中,火焰传播速度随空气流动速度的变化出现峰值。对比无辐射热损失模型和有辐射热损失模型的计算结果发现,辐射热损失是形成上述微重力燃烧特征的原因。在静止的微重力环境中或弱空气流动速度下,辐射热损失使燃毁点处有大量的残碳生成,但随着空气流动速度的增大,残碳生成量迅速减小。     

稀土对等离子喷涂镍—碳化钛陶瓷涂层摩擦学性能的影响

用销盘摩擦磨损试验机模拟齿面的相对滑动,经测定摩擦系数和上下试样的磨损体积损失、涂层的金相分析,磨痕形貌及成分的扫描微镜观察及分析,研究硅铁稀土混合物对高能等离子喷涂金属陶瓷涂层摩擦学特性的影响,试验结果表明：添加稀土使涂层致密性提高,摩擦系数有所降低,上下试样的磨损体积损失分别减小３３％和７４％,摩擦副表面温升降低,表明添加稀土有且于在涂层表面形成连续的氧化膜,从而防止胶合并提高耐磨性。     

磁性流体密封的优化设计

通过数值计算及实验对磁性流体密封的结构与参数进行了优化设计,给出了磁钢材料及尺寸的设计原则,研究了单级密封的密封压差与磁极斜角、极尖宽度和密封间隙的关系。分析了多级密封的级数、齿宽、槽宽及齿高对磁性流体多级密封的影响,给出了最优取值范围。     

基于RSA算法的网络安全体系构造

提出了一种完全基于RSA算法的网络安全参考模型NetRSA．采用分布式KDC分配方案,并且对通信报文以加密方式进行数字签名,有效地防止了报文被非法窃听、篡改或伪造．本模型实现了密钥管理、加密管理、数字签名以及身份认证等功能,     

Manganese-Modulated Cobalt-Based Layered Double Hydroxide Grown on Nickel Foam with 1D–2D–3D Heterostructure for Highly Efficient Oxygen Evolution Reaction and Urea Oxidation Reaction

Hydrogen production by energy-efficient water electrolysis is a green avenue for the development of contemporary society. However, the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and the urea oxidation reaction (UOR) occurring at the anode are impeded by the sluggish reaction kinetics during the water-splitting process. Consequently, it is promising to develop bifunctional anodic electrocatalysts consisting of nonprecious metals. Herein, a bifunctional CoMn layered double hydroxide (LDH) was grown on nickel foam (NF) with a 1D–2D–3D hierarchical structure for efficient OER and UOR performance in alkaline solution. Owing to the significant synergistic effect of Mn doping and heterostructure engineering, the obtained Co₁Mn₁ LDH/NF exhibits satisfactory OER activity with a low potential of 1.515 V to attain 10 mA cm⁻². Besides, the potential of the Co₁Mn₁ LDH/NF catalyst for UOR at the same current density is only 1.326 V, which is much lower than those of its counterparts and most reported electrocatalysts. An urea electrolytic cell with a Co₁Mn₁ LDH/NF anode and a Pt–C/NF cathode was established, and a low cell voltage of 1.354 V at 10 mA cm⁻² was acquired. The optimized strategy may result in promising candidates for developing a new generation of bifunctional electrocatalysts for clean energy production.     

Multiple Axially Asymmetric Solutions to a Mean Field Equation on $\mathbb{S}^{2}$

We study the following mean field equation$$\Delta_{g}u+\rho\left(\frac{e^{u}}{\int_{\mathbb{S}^{2}}e^{u}d\mu}-\frac{1}{4\pi}\right)=0\ \ \mbox{in}\ \ \mathbb{S}^{2},$$where $\rho$ is a real parameter. We obtain the existence of multiple axially asymmetric solutions bifurcating from $u=0$ at the values $\rho=4n(n+1)\pi$ for any odd integer $n\geq3$.     

Synthesis and properties of tribranched chromophores with triazine and fluorene units

Two tribranched chromophores,1,3,5-triazine as electron deficient core,9,9-dimethylfluorene asπ-conjugated bridge, diphenylamino(4a) and naphthylamino(4b) as electron-donating end-groups,were successfully prepared via Buchwald-Hartwig coupling reaction.Their linear photophysical and two-photon absorption(TPA) properties were investigated by absorption, fluorescence and nonlinear transmission method,respectively.The absorption cut-offs of the chromophores are below 550 nm and both chromophores have strong fluorescence emission.The compound 4a(206.3 GM) exhibits larger TPA cross-section than 4b (57.8 GM) in the femtosecond regime at 800 nm.     

Using Two Simple Methods of Ar?ArF Self‐Assembly and Isolation Chromophores to Further Improve the Comprehensive Performance of NLO Dendrimers

Herein, through a combination of divergent and convergent approaches, coupled with the utilization of the powerful Sharpless “click chemistry” reaction, two series of high‐generation nonlinear optical (NLO) dendrimers have been conveniently prepared in high purity and satisfactory yields. Perfluoroaromatic rings and isolation chromophores were introduced to further improve their comprehensive performance. Thanks to the effects of Ar? Ar^F self‐assembly and the isolation chromophores, coupled with perfect 3D spatial isolation from the highly branched structure of the dendrimer, G5‐PFPh‐NS displayed very large NLO efficiency (up to 257 pm V^?1), which is, to the best of our knowledge, the new record highest value reported so far for simple azo chromophore moieties. High‐quality wide optical transparency and good stability were also achieved.     

Efficient synthesis of β‐(1,6)‐linked oligosaccharides through microwave‐assisted glycosylation

A microwave‐assisted glycosylation method was developed for efficient synthesis of oligosaccharides. Di‐functional AB monomers, 2,3,4‐tri‐O‐acetyl‐α‐d ‐galactopyranosyl bromide ( 3a ) and 2,3,4‐tri‐O‐acetyl‐α‐d ‐glucopyranosyl bromide ( 3b ) were designed and synthesized as weakly reactive monomers to avoid unwanted glycosylation or degradation during preparation and storage. The glycosylations of these monomers gave low conversions and low molecular weight oligosaccharides at rt, reflux, and under low microwave energy irradiation. However, the glycosylation became very effective when high microwave energy was applied, giving 100% conversion and producing oligosaccharides with M_n = 4.76 kDa for 3a and M_n = 4.05 kDa for 3b. The acetylated oligosaccharides were further subjected to deprotection for structural analysis, which indicated the oligosaccharides contain predominantly linear β‐(1,6)‐glycosyl linkages. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2013, 51, 3693–3699