Bacitracin‐Conjugated Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles: Synthesis,Characterization and Antibacterial Activity

Bacitracin‐conjugated superparamagnetic iron oxide (Fe₃O₄) nanoparticles were prepared by click chemistry and their antibacterial activity was investigated. After functionalization with hydrophilic and biocompatible poly(acrylic acid), water‐soluble Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were obtained. Propargylated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were then synthesized by carbodiimide reaction of propargylamine with the carboxyl groups on the surface of the iron oxide nanoparticles. By further reaction with N₃‐bacitracin in a Cu^I‐catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition, the magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles were modified with the peptide bacitracin. The functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by powder X‐ray diffraction, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, TEM, zeta‐potential analysis, FTIR spectroscopy and vibrating‐sample magnetometry. Cell cytotoxicity tests indicate that bacitracin‐conjugated Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles show very low cytotoxicity to human fibroblast cells, even at relatively high concentrations. In view of the antibacterial activity of bacitracin, the biofunctionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles exhibit an antibacterial effect against both Gram‐positive and Gram‐negative organisms, which is even higher than that of bacitracin itself. The enhanced antibacterial activity of the magnetic nanocomposites allows the dosage and the side effects of the antibiotic to be reduced. Due to the antibacterial effect and magnetism, the bacitracin‐functionalized magnetic nanoparticles have potential application in magnetic‐targeting biomedical applications.     

A novel dinuclear Schiff-base copper(II) complex modified electrode for ascorbic acid catalytic oxidation and determination

A new dinuclear copper salicylaldehyde-glycine Schiff-base complex [Cu(2)(Sal-Gly)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] was synthesized and structurally characterized. [Cu(2)(Sal-Gly)(2)(H(2)O)(2)] crystallized in the monoclinic system in the P2(1)/c space group. The molecule is a dinuclear complex, formed by two [Cu(Sal-Gly)(H(2)O)] units. The electropolymerization properties of the copper complex on a glass carbon electrode were studied at different potential ranges. The electropolymerization occurred when the high scan potential reached 1.4 V. The modified electrode exhibited good electrocatalytic oxidation properties to ascorbic acid and showed a sensitivity of 22.9 nA μM(-1) (r(2) = 0.9998) and detection limit of 0.39 μM (S/N = 3) in the amperometric determination of ascorbic acid. The designed determination method can be used to analyze vitamin C tablets.     

Graphene-based hemostatic sponge

Graphene-based sponge is a novel hemostatic material prepared by chemical cross-link of graphene oxide. It has a fast fluid absorption capacity to quickly absorb blood from wounds, activate clotting pathways, and achieve rapid hemostasis. In addition, graphene-based sponge is also a good platform carrier.It can be prepared by organic cross-linking, compounding with inorganic clay, and adding bioactive factors to enhance coagulation stimulation. By these methods, the hemostatic performance of the...     

Generation of High Peak Power Mode-Locked Green Pulses Based on WS2 and EOM: Experiment and Theory

Based on an as-prepared high-quality WS₂ film and an electro-optic modulator (EOM), a dual-loss-modulated low repetition rate mode-locking laser at 0.53 μm with high peak power is presented for the first time. The laser characteristics versus the pump power are investigated experimentally and theoretically. At a pump power of 10.67 W, the shortest pulse duration of 305 ps can be measured, corresponding to the highest peak power of 931 kW, which is much higher than those of the single passive modulated lasers with WS₂-SA. A simple rate equation simulation was used to describe this dual-loss-modulated mode-locking green laser based on WS₂ and EOM. The results of the numerical simulation are basically in accordance with the experimental values.     

Correlations between molecular structure and single-junction conductance: a case study with oligo(phenylene-ethynylene)-type wires

The charge transport characteristics of 11 tailor-made dithiol-terminated oligo(phenylene-ethynylene) (OPE)-type molecules attached to two gold electrodes were studied at a solid/liquid interface in a combined approach using an STM break junction (STM-BJ) and a mechanically controlled break junction (MCBJ) setup. We designed and characterized 11 structurally distinct dithiol-terminated OPE-type molecules with varied length and HOMO/LUMO energy. Increase of the molecular length and/or of the HOMO-LUMO gap leads to a decrease of the single-junction conductance of the linearly conjugate acenes. The experimental data and simulations suggest a nonresonant tunneling mechanism involving hole transport through the molecular HOMO, with a decay constant β = 3.4 ± 0.1 nm(-1) and a contact resistance R(c) = 40 kΩ per Au-S bond. The introduction of a cross-conjugated anthraquinone or a dihydroanthracene central unit results in lower conductance values, which are attributed to a destructive quantum interference phenomenon for the former and a broken π-conjugation for the latter. The statistical analysis of conductance-distance and current-voltage traces revealed details of evolution and breaking of molecular junctions. In particular, we explored the effect of stretching rate and junction stability. We compare our experimental results with DFT calculations using the ab initio code SMEAGOL and discuss how the structure of the molecular wires affects the conductance values.     

手性1-芳基-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇衍生物的合成与生物活性

取代苯乙烯1与KHSO₅在手性催化剂2存在的条件下反应, 生成1-芳基环氧化物3, 3与1H-1,2,4-三唑在固体碳酸钾催化下作用, 得到手性的1-芳基-2-(1H-1,2,4-三唑-1-基)乙醇衍生物4. 部分4对甾醇14α-脱甲基化酶表现出强结合作用.     

一种新的非球面零朗奇检测法

提出一种新的零朗奇检测法用于测量大口径非球面镜的面形。利用光线追迹和正弦条纹的相位信息设计补偿正弦光栅。使用透射液晶显示屏显示补偿正弦光栅并作为相移装置。一个离轴点光源发出的光被镜面反射后通过补偿正弦光栅,摄像机记录携带镜面偏差信息的相移条纹图。通过对相移条纹图的分析确定被测镜面的实际横向像差以及对应的理想横向像差,然后基于朗奇检测的几何原理得到被测镜面的偏差梯度,对其积分获得被测镜面的偏差,进而重建被测镜面的三维面形。与传统的零朗奇检测法相比,这种方法可以消除补偿光栅上每个条纹带边缘的锯齿形状,而且可以获得镜面上足够多的待测点信息。计算机模拟和初步实验验证了该方法的可行性。     

沉积温度对等离子体化学气相沉积制备硅氧薄膜微结构的影响

利用13.56 MHz的射频等离子体化学气相沉积设备(RF-PECVD)在不同沉积温度(50~400 ℃)下制备了一系列氢化硅氧(SiO_x:H)薄膜材料,并研究了薄膜材料性能与微结构的变化规律。随着沉积温度的增加,薄膜内的氧含量(C_O)下降,晶化率(X_C)也下降,折射率(n)上升,此外,薄膜的结构因子(R)下降,氢含量(C_H)先上升后下降,由此在合适的中间温度下可以获得最大的氢含量。通过实验结果分析提出了不同沉积温度下制备硅氧薄膜的内在微结构模型:低温下沉积的硅氧薄膜是以氢化非晶硅氧(a-SiO_x:H)相为主体并嵌入氢化纳米晶硅(nc-Si:H)的复合材料,而在高温下沉积的硅氧薄膜则是以氢化非晶硅(a-Si:H)相为主体并嵌入越来越少的nc-Si:H相和a-SiO_x:H相的复合材料。由上可知,要制备太阳电池通常采用的晶化率X_C高、氧含量C_O高的氢化纳米晶硅氧(nc-SiO_x:H)材料,需要采用相对较低的沉积温度。     

碱熔-标准物质法-电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定硅酸盐岩中10种主量元素

硅酸盐岩元素的准确测定是其地球化学分析研究的基础,其主量元素含量通常可以采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱(ICP-AES)法测定,但其测定方法的系统性研究相对缺乏,尤其是样品前处理和基体干扰的有效消除两方面。前处理过程中,考察不同熔剂用量对硅酸盐岩样品的分解能力,发现当熔剂与样品比例达到6:1后,熔珠为纯色透明,经稀硝酸提取后溶液澄清,确定了硅酸盐岩前处理时熔剂与样品的最佳配比。测定过程中,通过考察基体匹配法和标准物质法两种基体干扰消除方法对测定结果的影响,发现当采用与岩性一致或者接近的标准物质绘制校准工作曲线时,基体干扰消除效果更好,更适用于测定硅酸盐岩10种主量元素含量。据此,建立了硅酸盐岩经偏硼酸锂熔融,稀硝酸振荡提取处理,以标准物质法绘制校准工作曲线,采用ICP-AES法同时测定SiO2、Fe2O3、Al2O3、CaO、K2O、MgO、Na2O、TiO2、P2O5、MnO 10种成分含量的方法。对岩石标准物质GBW07107进行分析测定,方法的相对标准偏差(RSD)为0.17%～0.75%,方法检出限为0.001%~0.016%,满足硅酸盐岩样品元素定量分析的要求,而且操作简单快速,环境污染小,适用于大批量样品分析。     

In situ lattice tuning of quasi-single-crystal surfaces for continuous electrochemical modulation

The ability to control the atomic-level structure of a solid represents a straightforward strategy for fabricating high-performance catalysts and semiconductor materials. Herein we explore the capability of the mechanically controllable surface strain method in adjusting the surface structure of a gold film. Underpotential deposition measurements provide a quantitative and ultrasensitive approach for monitoring the evolution of surface structures. The electrochemical activities of the quasi-single-crystalline gold films are enhanced productively by controlling the surface tension, resulting in a more positive potential for copper deposition. Our method provides an effective way to tune the atom arrangement of solid surfaces with sub-angstrom precision and to achieve a reduction in power consumption, which has vast applications in electrocatalysis, molecular electronics, and materials science.

We reported a new method capable of adjusting the lattice structure of solid surfaces with sub-angstrom precision and achieved in situ and continuous control over electrochemical activity.