Observation of B-/+-->rho-/+rho0 decays

We report the first observation of the charmless vector-vector decay process B-/+-->rho(-/+)rho(0). The measurement uses a 78 fb(-1) data sample collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric e(+)e(-) collider operating at the Upsilon(4S) resonance. We obtain a branching fraction of B(B-/+-->rho(-/+)rho(0))=[31.7+/-7.1(stat)+3.8-6.7(syst)]x10(-6). An analysis of the rho helicity-angle distributions gives a longitudinal polarization fraction of Gamma(L)/Gamma=0.95+/-0.11(stat)+/-0.02(syst). We also measure the direct-CP-violating asymmetry A(CP)(B-/+-->rho(-/+)rho(0))=0.00+/-0.22(stat)+/-0.03(syst).     

Observation of B0-->pLambda(pi)(-)

We report the first observation of the charmless hyperonic B decay, B0-->pLambda(pi)(-), using a 78 fb(-1) data sample recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance with the Belle detector at KEKB. The measured branching fraction is B(B0-->pLambda(pi)(-))=(3.97(+1.00)(-0.80)+/-0.56)x10(-6). Searches for B0-->pLambda(K)- and pSigma(0)pi(-) yield no significant signals and we set 90% confidence-level upper limits of B(B0-->pLambda(K)-)<8.2x10(-7) and B(B0-->pSigma(0)pi(-))<3.8x10(-6).     

Simultaneous determination of the temperature and density of rubidium vapor

We propose a new method for the simultaneous determination of the temperature and atom number density in rubidium vapor. The method is based on the comparison of theoretical simulations of the self-broadened absorption profiles of rubidium resonance lines with the measured profiles. Absorption measurements performed in rubidium vapor indicate that in the spectral region around resonance lines (760–835 nm), excellent agreement between theoretical and experimental absorption profiles can be achieved. In the temperature interval 500–700 K, the simultaneous determination of the atom number density and temperature of rubidium vapor is possible. We have applied the present method to nearly homogeneous and inhomogeneous rubidium vapors generated in a sapphire cell. PACS 31.15.Gy; 32.30.Jc; 32.70.-n     

Resistive plate chambers for muon detection at LHC

One resistive plate chamber made of Chinese materials and one Italian resistive plate chamber have been tested in the Gamma Irradiation Facility (GIF) at CERN on a high intensity muon beam together with a¹³⁷Cs source to give a uniform photon background, and simulating conditions close to those expected for an LHC muon detector. The results are analyzed. Good space and time resolutions are obtained which satisfy the future CMS experiment requirements. The detection efficiency is different between two RPCs against a high irradiation background. The reason is discussed.     

Time-resolved measurement of dye-sensitized photocurrent at the ZnO Electrode with a nanosecond pulsed dye laser

A time-resolved dye-sensitized photocurrent of rose bengal on a ZnO electrode consisted of two components, fast (ns) and slow (μs). From the temperature dependence of the rate, the latter was found to be due to the intermediacy of shallow surface traps.     

Preparation and synthetic use of the zerovalent nickel complex by electrochemical reduction

The generation of Ni(PPh₃)₄ by electrochemical reduction was carried out in a divided cell containing NiCl₂(PPh₃)₄, PPh₃ and n-Bu₄NBr in DMF with a lead plate as cathode and a platinum plate as anode under the stream of argon at 60°. Using this Ni(PPh₃)₄, biphenyls and the heterocyclic compounds were synthesized in fairly good yields.     

大雷诺数平稳湍流的Markov过程描述

湍流扩散是湍流理论中的一个重要问题,并对大气污染等问题具有重要的实际意义。自从Taylor的文章起,五十多年来,许多作者运用拉格朗日观点处理平稳湍流中的扩散问题,取得了不少进展.但至今尚未从理论上解决湍流扩散的概率分布问题,只有解决了这一问题,才箅得到湍流扩散的完整的统计描述。 本文对大雷诺数平稳湍流这一情况,解决了概率分布问题。通过物理分析,文中阐明了大雷诺数平稳湍流可用Markov过程描述;论证了Fokker-Planck方程应采用本文的系数,得到了单粒子运动与二粒子相对运动的转移概率函数,从而得到平稳湍流中单粒子运动及二粒子弥散的完整的统计描述。由此作为特例,证明了单粒子扩散规律与二粒子弥散规律均满足正态性,从而证明了Batchelor的正态假设。此外,作为本文结果的推论,从理论上证明了脉动速度服从正态分布这一著名的实验事实。 关于二粒子相对速度与距离的弥散规律,以及Richardson定律的适用范围,本文与林家翘和W.H.Reid以及E.Krasnoff和R.L.Peskin的结果一致。本文公式当βt<<1时的渐近式与Obukhov一致,从而指明了Obukhov所给方程的局限性。