Reflective fiber-optic refractometer based on a thin-core fiber tailored Bragg grating reflection

A novel reflective refractometer based on a thin-core fiber (TCF) sandwiched between a leading single-mode fiber (SMF) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) imprinted SMF stub was demonstrated. The reflection from the fiber stub occurs in two well-defined wavelength bands, corresponding to the Bragg core mode and cladding modes. The TCF section functions as a tailorable bridge between the FBG core mode reflection and the surrounding refractive index (SRI). Linear response with enhanced sensitivity of 133.26 dB/refractive index unit for temperature-immune SRI measurement within the biologically desirable sensing range of 1.33-1.41 has been achieved via cost-effective power detection.     

Synthesis and Characterization of 8-hydroxyquinoline Complexes of Tin(IV) and Their Application in Organic Light Emitting Diode

A series of 8-hydroxyquinoline complexes of tin, Q(2)SnCl(2) (Q?=?2-methyl-8-hydroxyquinoline, 8-hydroxyquinoline, 5,7-dibromo-8-hydroxyquinoline, 5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline, 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline and 5-nitro-8-hydroxyquinoline) were prepared by reacting stannous dichloride with 8-hydroxyquinoline and its derivatives. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, mass spectrometry and infrared, UV-vis and (1)H NMR spectroscopes. Furthermore, the molecular structure of a representative complex, dichlorido-bis(5-nitro-quinolin-8-olato-2N,O)tin(IV), was determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The photoluminescence (PL) properties of all prepared compounds and electroluminescence (EL) property of a selected complex (Q?=?5-chloro-8-hydroxyquinoline) were investigated. The results showed that the emission wavelength can be tuned by electron donating or withdrawing group substituent on 8-hydroxyquinoline. Application of prepared complexes in fabrication of an OLED has been demonstrated.     

Steganographic data hiding in image processing using predictive differencing

In this paper, we propose a stenography scheme based on predictive differencing to embed data in a grey-image. In order to promote the embedding capacity of pixel-value differencing (PVD), we use differencing between a predictive value and an input pixel as the predictive differencing to embed the message where a predictive value is calculated by using various predictors. If the predictive differencing is large, then it means that the input pixel is located in the edge area and, thus, has a larger embedding capacity than the pixel in a smooth area. The experimental result shows that our proposed scheme is capable of providing greater embedding capacity and high quality of stego-images then previous works. Furthermore, we have also applied various predictors to evaluate our proposed scheme.     

Graphene-based passively Q-switched dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber laser

We demonstrate a compact Q-switched dual-wavelength erbium-doped fiber (EDF) laser based on graphene as a saturable absorber (SA). By optically driven deposition of graphene on a fiber core, the SA is constructed and inserted into a diode-pumped EDF laser cavity. Also benefiting from the strong third-order optical nonlinearity of graphene to suppress the mode competition of EDF, a stable dual-wavelength Q-switching operation has been achieved using a two-reflection peak fiber Bragg grating as the external cavity mirror. The Q-switched EDF laser has a low pump threshold of 6.5 mW at 974 nm and a wide range of pulse-repetition rate from 3.3 to 65.9 kHz. The pulse duration and the pulse energy have been characterized. This is, to the best of our knowledge, the first demonstration of a graphene-based Q-switched laser.     

Investigation into Molecular Diffusion in Hydrogels Using the Refractive Index Method

An in‐situ refractive index method is applied to study the diffusion process of sucrose in hydrogels. Diffusion was monitored by recording the refraction of a laser beam when passing through a triangular hydrogel cell. The distribution of refractive index changes was obtained from the deviated distance of the linear beam and converted to the distribution of concentration. By employing Fick's second law, the diffusion behavior was investigated and the diffusion coefficient was obtained.

Schematic picture of the refractive index equipment to study the diffusion process.     

Bis­[N,N‐bis(2‐hydroxy­ethyl)­di­thio­carbamato]­di­methyl­tin(IV)

The title compound, [Sn(CH₃)₂(C₅H₁₀NO₂S₂)₂], has crystallographic mirror symmetry (C—Sn—C on mirror plane) and the coordination polyhedron around the Sn atom is a tetrahedron [C—Sn—C 139.3 (2)° and S—Sn—S 82.3 (1)°] distorted towards a skew‐trapezoidal bipyramid owing to an intramolecular Sn?S contact [3.0427 (6) Å]. The mol­ecules are linked into a linear chain by intermolecular O—H?O hydrogen bonds [O?O 2.646 (3) Å].     

The study of the active surface for CO oxidation over supported Pd catalysts

CO oxidation was investigated on various powder oxide supported Pd catalysts by temperature-programmed reaction.The pre-reduced catalysts show significantly higher activities than the pre-oxidized ones.Model studies were performed to better understand the oxidation state,reactivities and stabilities of partially oxidized Pd surfaces under CO oxidation reaction conditions using an in situ infrared reflection absorption spectrometer(IRAS).Three O/Pd(100)model surfaces,chemisorbed oxygen covered surface,surface oxide and bulk-like surface oxide,were prepared and characterized by low-energy electron diffraction(LEED)and Auger electron spectroscopy(AES).The present work demonstrates that the oxidized palladium surface is less active for CO oxidation than the metallic surface,and is unstable under the reaction conditions with sufficient CO.     

Modification of Pd-CeO2 catalyst by different treatments: Effect on the structure and CO oxidation activity

To investigate the interaction between noble metal and CeO₂, a Pd-doped CeO₂ catalyst was prepared by sol-gel method, and the catalyst was then treated in static air and a H₂/O₂ alternating flow at 800 °C, respectively. It is found by step-scanning XRD that Pd ions migrate out of the ceria lattice during the redox treatment, while the exudation of Pd is not so obvious after the oxidative treatment. For the CO oxidation activity, the redox treated catalyst is seriously weakened compared with the oxidative-treated one. This difference is ascribed to the encapsulation of Pd crystallites by the CeO₂ support during the redox treatment, which is confirmed by XPS and CO-TPR. Based on the activity and FTIR results, it is proposed that, CO oxidation at low temperatures proceeds mainly via the reaction between the adsorbed CO on Pd sites and the lattice oxygen of surface CeO₂ at the Pd-Ce interface.     

微重力下Stewart平台的主动减振系统研究分析

Stewart平台是一种并联减振机构,因其具有承载能力强、刚度大、结构稳定、精度高等优点,广泛应用于航天航空和精密仪器领域。采用Cubic构型Stewart平台并对压电陶瓷的力一位移关系线性化后,可简化成单自由度的线性主动控制系统,对六自由度的Stewart平台分散控制,在随机平稳白噪声的激励下考虑时滞影响,并对其解耦后的Stewart平台进行LQR数值分析,用Adams预测公式进行时滞补偿。分析结果表明：Stewart平台具有较好的减振性能,能有效减小平台在微重力干扰下引起的位移反应;时滞因素会降低LOR的控制作用;可通过Adams预测公式对时滞影响进行较好地补偿。