A new method for the analysis of arsenic species in urine by using HPLC-ICP-MS

Gas chromatographic (GC) and liquid chromatographic methods for the investigation of phenylarsenic compounds are presented. With gas chromatography using an electron capture detector (ECD), the chemical warfare agents PFIFFIKUS, CLARK I and CLARK II can be detected. After derivatization with mercaptans and dimercaptans the sum of diphenylarsenic compounds resp. phenylarsenic and phenylarsonic compounds can be detected as the mercapto resp. dimercapto derivatives. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis may be used for the detection of triphenylarsenic compounds and ADAMSITE. Received: 17 July 1997 / Accepted: 9 October 1997     

Amphiphilic cationic block copolymers via controlled free radical polymerization

N-oxyl terminated vinylbenzyl chloride macromonomers, available via controlled free radical polymerization, were used to synthesize AB-block copolymers of vinylbenzyl chloride and styrene with low polydispersity and different block lengths and block length ratios. The vinylbenzyl chloride blocks were quantitatively converted into cationic polyelectrolytes by reactions with tertiary amines. The micellization of the synthesized amphiphilic cationic block copolymers was investigated using different techniques such as static light scattering, ultracentrifugation and size exclusion chromatography.     

Silver diffusion and precipitation of nanoparticles in glass by ion implantation

Silver particles in soda-lime glass, less than 10 nm in size, were prepared by ion implantation. The implantation dose was in the range of 0.5 to 2×10¹⁶ Ag ions/cm² and the beam current density was varied from 0.5 to 2A/cm². Here, the beam current density strongly influences ion diffusion and particle precipitation as well as compressive stress generation around the particles due to thermal effects resulting from the deceleration of silver ions. Stress relaxation can be achieved by increased dose rates or thermal processing at elevated temperatures. Based on RBS and HREM results, a possible route to homogeneous distribution of Ag nanoparticles within the glass is discussed with respect to their interesting optical properties.     

Continuum shell-model calculation for 14C including core excitations

Elastic and inelastic cross sections for neutron scattering on ¹³C have been calculated up to 10 MeV including excitations of the ¹²C core. The core properties are taken from experiment while the additional neutrons are described in a shell-model basis. Antisymmetrization between the valence particles and the core is taken into account as a second-order perturbation effect. All results including those for the target and the bound states of ¹⁴C are compared to experimental data. The differences between a gaussian and a δ interaction for the valence particles is investigated. The calculation was only feasible with a modified continuum shell model, i.e. approximating the single-particle resonances by bound states. The remaining modified continuum states are damped in amplitude within the resonance region. The residual interaction between modified continuum states is neglected.