Simultaneous intracavity optical parametric oscillation and stimulated Raman scattering pumped by a doubly passively Q-switched Nd:GGG laser

By using a doubly passively Q-switched Nd:Gd₃Ga₅O₁₂(Nd:GGG) laser with Cr⁴⁺:YAG and GaAs as saturable absorbers as pump laser, simultaneous intracavity optical parametric oscillation and stimulated Raman scattering based on a single X-cut KTiOPO₄ (KTP) crystal have been realized. Under an incident diode pump power of 10.5 W, the output powers at the signal wave near 1,569 nm and the first Stokes emission near 1,094 nm were 218 and 72 mW, corresponding to the optical-to-optical conversion efficiencies of 2.08 and 0.69 %, respectively. The measured shortest pulse duration at the signal wave near 1,569 nm was 580 ps, generating a pulse peak power of 43.7 kW, while the minimum pulse duration at the first Stokes emission near 1,094 nm was 1.61 ns. By adjusting the tilt angle of the KTP crystal, up to the third Stokes scattering was also obtained.     

Sn-Pb合金颗粒异质成核及其冷却凝固行为预测

采用均匀颗粒成型法 (UniformDropletSpray ,UDS)在氮气氛下 (氧含量为 1.3 6μmol/L)制备了 15 0和 185μmSn 5 %Pb合金颗粒 .采用光学显微镜观测颗粒的外观形貌 ,结果表明 ,UDS方法制备的微粒是粒度均匀的球状颗粒 ;利用非绝热容量法确定了颗粒的形核点及过冷度 ;计算了以时间和温度为函数的颗粒表面被氧化的比例 ,提出了以颗粒表面氧化为催化媒质的异质成核理论模型 ,合理反映了颗粒的异质成核过程 .在此基础上计算了微粒表面异质形核条件下的连续冷却转变 (ContinuousCoolingTransformation ,CCT)曲线 ,同时以线性冷却条件为例预测了颗粒的冷却凝固行为 .     

基于子孔径拼接原理检测大口径光学元件

 为了实现小口径干涉仪对大口径光学元件的低成本、高分辨力检测,可采用子孔径拼接方法。在对拼接算法进行改进的基础上,开发了拼接检测软件;建立了一套拼接检测系统,开展了大口径平面光学元件的子孔径拼接检测实验研究。利用9个60 mm×60 mm子孔径拼接来检测120 mm×120 mm的光学元件,检测结果表明:峰谷值误差为2.37%,均方根值误差仅为0.27%。     

193 nm深紫外光刻胶用成膜树脂的研究进展

本文综述了用于193 nm深紫外光刻胶的主体成膜树脂的种类及常用合成单体的研究进展,包括聚(甲基)丙烯酸酯体系、环烯烃-马来酸酐共聚物(COMA)体系、乙烯醚-马来酸酐共聚物(VEMA)体系、降冰片烯加成聚合物体系、环化聚合物体系、有机-无机杂化树脂体系以及光致产酸剂(PAG)接枝聚合物主链型等,并分析了目前关于曝光、分辨率和抗蚀刻性能方面存在的问题及未来的发展方向。     

Mathematica在传递矩阵法中的应用

通过两个具体实例，说明了Ｍａｔｈｅｍａｔｉｃａ在传递矩阵法中的应用．特别介绍了用Ｒｅｄｕｃｅ命令求振动系统固有频率的方法，并把所得结果与已有结果作了对比，显示了这一方法的优越性．     

基于模态叠加法的航空发动机轮盘振动特性研究

以某型航空发动机轮盘为研究对象,分别通过数值模拟和试验测试获得结构特定振型下的模态参数;提出采用模态置信度开展模态振型的相关度评价;基于模态叠加法开展轮盘结构谐响应分析,并通过理论推导和数值仿真开展结构阻尼和激励量值对振动响应的影响规律研究。结果表明,在轮盘结构三节径振型处,共振频率计算结果与测试结果相差1.7%,验证了模态测试的正确性。模态振型置信度为0.999,说明模态测试与仿真结果吻合较好。通过谐响应分析得到轮盘最危险点的幅频曲线,并基于数值仿真验证了轮盘结构振动响应幅值与模态阻尼呈反比、与激励量值呈正比的理论推导的正确性。     

Polyaniline/Pure Carbon Assemblies as Efficient Self‐standing Metal‐free Oxygen Electrodes in Alkaline Media for Zn‐Air Batteries

A facile design and fabrication of self‐standing metal‐free polyaniline (PANI)@carbon nanotubes (CNTs) composite membrane was initially proposed by straightforward noncovalent wrapping the polymer around pure CNTs. Without introduction of extra heteroatoms into CNTs, the optimized PANI@CNTs composite exhibits a much better electrocatalytic performance for oxygen evolution reaction (OER) than pure CNTs via favorable interfacial modification with PANI to largely expose the active sites of on the surface of pure CNTs. Besides, it displays good oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) performance. When directly utilized as bifunctional air electrode without extra additive agents, the composite membrane‐enabled rechargeable Zn‐air batteries not only deliver a high peak power density (201.9 W g^?1) and a large energy density (850.3 Wh kg_Zn^?1), but also present robust cycling performance for 216 cycles with a high energy efficiency of 57.8%.     

A Fast Deposition‐Crystallization Procedure for Highly Efficient Lead Iodide Perovskite Thin‐Film Solar Cells

Thin‐film photovoltaics based on alkylammonium lead iodide perovskite light absorbers have recently emerged as a promising low‐cost solar energy harvesting technology. To date, the perovskite layer in these efficient solar cells has generally been fabricated by either vapor deposition or a two‐step sequential deposition process. We report that flat, uniform thin films of this material can be deposited by a one‐step, solvent‐induced, fast crystallization method involving spin‐coating of a DMF solution of CH₃NH₃PbI₃ followed immediately by exposure to chlorobenzene to induce crystallization. Analysis of the devices and films revealed that the perovskite films consist of large crystalline grains with sizes up to microns. Planar heterojunction solar cells constructed with these solution‐processed thin films yielded an average power conversion efficiency of 13.9±0.7 % and a steady state efficiency of 13 % under standard AM 1.5 conditions.     

Molybdenum/Tungsten-Based Heteropoly Salts in Oxidations

Oxidation represents one of the most important and practical chemical transformations for both organic synthesis, material science and pharmaceutical area. Among the existing strategies, molybdenum/tungsten-based heteropoly salts involved oxidations with low-cost and environmentally benign terminal oxidant and thus have attracted considerable attention in recent years. In this review, we have summarized the recent development of heteropoly salts utilized in oxidations, mainly the peroxomolybdates and peroxotungstates. We wish to highlight the progress made in the past 20 years of this field. Three categories are classified according to the aggregation state of metal oxides. Special attention is paid to the catalytically active peroxometalate species generated during the oxidation process. It is helpful to shed light on the common features that enable highly efficient and selective oxidations. We aim to inspire fellow chemists to explore more functional metalates for catalytic oxidations, especially asymmetric versions. Meanwhile, we attempt to understand the design principles for the discovery of more efficient, selective and economical catalytic systems.     

火焰原子吸收光谱法测定三种产地黑米中微量元素含量

用微波消解黑米样品,火焰原子吸收光谱法测定了3个不同产地黑米中Fe、Cu、K、Mn、Mg、Zn 6种微量元素含量。结果表明,微波消解时间短,操作简单,节省试剂,环境污染少,各元素回收率在95．2％～103．5％之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）均〈5％。