全文获取类型
收费全文 | 115636篇 |
免费 | 19266篇 |
国内免费 | 14081篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 81832篇 |
晶体学 | 1318篇 |
力学 | 6663篇 |
综合类 | 863篇 |
数学 | 14416篇 |
物理学 | 43891篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 379篇 |
2023年 | 2202篇 |
2022年 | 3993篇 |
2021年 | 4160篇 |
2020年 | 4531篇 |
2019年 | 4442篇 |
2018年 | 4095篇 |
2017年 | 3719篇 |
2016年 | 5574篇 |
2015年 | 5556篇 |
2014年 | 6778篇 |
2013年 | 8648篇 |
2012年 | 10260篇 |
2011年 | 10469篇 |
2010年 | 7479篇 |
2009年 | 7162篇 |
2008年 | 7585篇 |
2007年 | 6721篇 |
2006年 | 6292篇 |
2005年 | 5308篇 |
2004年 | 4236篇 |
2003年 | 3526篇 |
2002年 | 3506篇 |
2001年 | 2946篇 |
2000年 | 2407篇 |
1999年 | 2395篇 |
1998年 | 1967篇 |
1997年 | 1705篇 |
1996年 | 1690篇 |
1995年 | 1474篇 |
1994年 | 1332篇 |
1993年 | 1077篇 |
1992年 | 969篇 |
1991年 | 856篇 |
1990年 | 700篇 |
1989年 | 536篇 |
1988年 | 413篇 |
1987年 | 356篇 |
1986年 | 346篇 |
1985年 | 275篇 |
1984年 | 207篇 |
1983年 | 168篇 |
1982年 | 131篇 |
1981年 | 91篇 |
1980年 | 65篇 |
1979年 | 33篇 |
1978年 | 25篇 |
1976年 | 25篇 |
1975年 | 24篇 |
1957年 | 28篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
951.
Summary A simple and rapid systematic optimization scheme was described for the micellar electrokinetic chromatographic separation of a group of flavonoids. The scheme employed an interpretative optimization approach to predict the optimum conditions for the separation of a group of flavonoids by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. By performing a set of nine pre-planned experiments conducted over the maximum working range for the system, global optimum separation conditions could be determined. To validate the optimization procedure, additional experiments were performed using the optimum experimental conditions derived from the optimization scheme. The results showed that satisfactory separation of all the peaks could be obtained. In addition, the application of the method in micropreparative micellar electrokinetic chromatography of the flavonoids was demonstrated. 相似文献
952.
Using simple physical arguments, a local spin-polarized exchange potential, Vxσ, is constructed from the single-particle Hartree–Fock (HF ) potentials (generalized Slater method) that reduces to the usual Kohn–Sham (KS ) result in the uniform gas limit. Numerical results for 10 closed subshell atoms demonstrate that the total energy calculated employing this Vxσ is closer to the exact KS results than those of other standard exchange approximations with electron densities and highest occupied orbital eigenvalues that closely approximate the HF results. 相似文献
953.
Jinmao You Xiangming Chen Xianen Zhao Yourui Suo Honglun Wang Yulin Li Jing Sun 《Chromatographia》2006,63(7-8):337-343
A pre-column derivatization method for the sensitive determination of amines using the labeling reagent 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-isopropyl
chloroformate (BCIC-Cl) followed by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorescence detection has been developed.
Identification of derivatives is carried out by high performance liquid chromatography/atmospheric pressure chemical ionization
(LC-APCI-MS-MS). The chromophore of 2-(9-carbazole)-ethyl chloroformate (CEOC) reagent is replaced by 1,2-benzo-3,4-dihydrocarbazole-9-isopropyl
functional group, which results in a sensitive fluorescence derivatizing reagent BCIC-Cl. BCIC-Cl can easily and quickly label
amines. Derivatives are stable enough to be efficiently analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and show an intense
protonated molecular ion corresponding m/z [MH]+ under APCI in positive-ion mode. The collision-induced dissociation of protonated molecular ion formed a product at m/z 260 corresponding to the cleavage of CH2-OCO bond. Studies on derivatization demonstrate excellent derivative yields over the pH 9.0–10.0. Maximal yields close to
100% are observed with a 3 to 4-fold molar reagent excess. In addition, the detection responses for BCIC derivatives are compared
with those obtained using CEOC and FMOC as derivatization reagents. The ratios of IBCIC/ICEOC and IBCIC/IFMOC are, respectively, 1.23–3.14 and 1.25–3.08 for fluorescent (FL) responses (here, I is relative fluorescence intensity). Separation of the derivatized amines had been optimized on reversed-phase Eclipse XDB-C8 column. Detection limits are calculated from 1.0 pmol injection, at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3, are 10.6–37.8 fmol. The
mean interday accuracy ranges from 94 to 105% for fluorescence detection with the largest mean %CV<7.5. The mean interday
precision for all standards is < 6.0% of the expected concentration. Excellent linear responses are observed with coefficients
of > 0.9997.
Revised: 12 December 2005 and 13 Febrauary 2006 相似文献
954.
Hui Li 《Tetrahedron letters》2006,47(20):3485-3488
A general entry to C(1) aryl-substituted glycals from the corresponding sugar lactones is described. This approach features one-pot access to aryl glycals. A variety of aryllithium reagents can be used and the method is compatible with various 2-deoxysugar lactones. 相似文献
955.
A novel anthracenyl tagged protecting group for "phase-switching" applications in parallel synthesis
A new "phase-switching" protecting group 1 that facilitates the parallel synthesis of carboxylic acids, esters, and carboxamides is described. Its use permits chemistries to be performed in solution, which may be conveniently monitored with conventional analytical techniques, followed by subsequent immobilization onto a solid-phase support to aid compound purification. Carboxylic acids, esters, and carboxamides are then cleaved from the solid support following activation of the "safety-catch" and treatment with the desired nucleophile. 相似文献
956.
粘度法研究高分子溶液行为的实验改进(Ⅱ) 总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13
高分子在粘度计毛细管管壁上的吸附不仅会导致毛细管有效管径减小,而且可以导致毛细管界面性质发生显著改变,具体表现为测定高分子溶液流过时间t之前和之后纯溶剂的流过时间t0和t0′与高分子溶液流过时间t对浓度作图外推到浓度为零时的值t0^*并不一致。不同温度时聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(PVP)水溶液粘度测定结果表明,当吸附讷发子显著改变了毛细管界面性质时,需要将高分子溶液粘度测定方法由t/t0′改为t/t0^*。经过改进的粘度测定方法不仅更加普适合理,而且更加简单有效。 相似文献
957.
Guo Jin-xin Sun Si-xiu Zhu Rong-xiu Yin Zhi-lei Yu Hai-yun Li Da-zhi Zhang Wei-min Xu Xian-gang Sun Xuan Shao Hua 《Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry》2004,261(1):221-224
The 222Rn emanation fraction (EF) released from the technically enhanced naturally occurring radioactive material (TE-NORM) wastes
at certain sites of petroleum and gas production was determined. The samples were analyzed by γ-ray spectrometry to determine
the activity concentration of the 226Ra content, of which the 222Rn emanation fraction was calculated. The results showed that the 222Rn emanation fraction differs in the oil and gas production sites and it is independent of the activity concentration of 226Ra.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
958.
A vinyl monomer having an electron-donating moiety, p-(N,N-dimethylamino)styrenc (DMAS),was synthesized. It was combined with benzoyl peroxide (BPO) to form a redox initiation system to initiatethe polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA). UV spectra measurements show that DMAS enters thePMMA chain as well. Both DMAS and its polymer P(DMAS) display strong fluorescence, and thefluorescence can be quenched by electron-deficient compounds such as methacrylonitrile, fumaronitrile andmethyl methacrylate etc. Moreover, DMAS can also form charge transfer complex (CTC) with strongelectron acceptors such as tetracyanoethylene (TCNE). The difference between the photochemical propertiesof DMAS and P(DMAS) were explained in terms of molecular structure change and polymer conformationeffect in solution. In addition, the CTC and exciplex formation of DMAS or P(DMAS) with C_(60) were alsostudied. 相似文献
959.
960.