Progress of Jinping Underground laboratory for Nuclear Astrophysics (JUNA)

Jinping Underground laboratory for Nuclear Astrophysics(JUNA) will take the advantage of the ultra-low background of CJPL lab and high current accelerator based on an ECR source and a highly sensitive detector to directly study for the first time a number of crucial reactions occurring at their relevant stellar energies during the evolution of hydrostatic stars. In its first phase, JUNA aims at the direct measurements of~(25)Mg(p,γ)~(26)Al,~(19)F(p,α)~(16)O,~(13)C(α,n)~(16)O and ~(12)C(α,γ)~(16)O reactions. The experimental setup,which includes an accelerator system with high stability and high intensity, a detector system, and a shielding material with low background, will be established during the above research. The current progress of JUNA will be given.     

Analysis of the electronic,IR, and <Superscript>1</Superscript>H NMR spectra of conjugated oligomers based on 4,4'-triphenylamine vinylene

Two types of conjugated oligomers based on 4,4'-triphenylamine vinylene have been synthesized and characterized by the methods of IR, UV–visible, and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. The corresponding spectra have also been simulated theoretically at the density functional theory level with application of the B3LYP and BMK hybrid exchange-correlation functionals. A comparative analysis of the experimental and theoretical spectra of polymers and oligomers has revealed regularities of the manifestation of spectral signals depending on the conjugation chain length and the presence of a substituent in the triphenylamine core. It has been established, in particular, that the absolute intensity of IR bands satisfies a linear dependence with increase in the degree of polymerization; however, no frequency shift is observed at the same time. The position of the main peak in electron absorption spectra demonstrates the bathochromic shift with an increase in the oligomeric chain length due to the narrowing of the energy gap between the boundary molecular orbitals. Based on the theoretical estimation of the hydrogen atoms chemical shifts, the signals of various protons types in the strongly broadened experimental ¹H NMR spectra of the bis-(4-iodine phenyl)-phenylamine and N,N-bis-(4-iodine phenyl)-4'-(phenylethynyl)-phenylamine polymerization products have also been identified.     

Enhanced β Crystalline Phase in Poly(vinylidene fluoride) via the Incorporation of Graphene Oxide Sheets assisted by Supercritical CO2 Treatment

Graphene oxide (GO) sheets were pre-modified with a typical piezoelectric polymer, poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF), using a simple supercritical carbon dioxide (SC CO₂) method, and then the PVDF-decorated GO was added into a PVDF matrix by solution blending. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed that the decorating degree of PVDF on the surface of the GO increased significantly with increasing of SC CO₂ pressure and PVDF concentration. The mechanism of the polymer adsorption on the GO sheets through favorable interaction between the GO and PVDF chains was identified via Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Further, the crystallization behavior of PVDF/GO composites was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), FTIR and polarized optical microscopy (POM). Interestingly, the composite with PVDF-decorated GO as the filler showed higher β-phase content compared to the composite with pristine GO as the filler. The study showed that the supercritical fluid-induced epitaxial crystallization process has significant potential for fabricating functional GO-based nanocomposties containing piezoelectric or conducting materials.     

Spatial and temporal characteristics of stable isotopes in the Tarim River Basin

By using 233 isotope samples, we investigated the spatial and temporal variations of δ¹⁸O and δ²H in precipitation and surface water, and the contribution of different water sources in the rivers within the Tarim River Basin (TRB), which receives snow/glacier meltwater, groundwater, and rainfall. Our study revealed a similar seasonal pattern of precipitation δ¹⁸O and δ²H at both the north and south edges of the basin, indicating the dominant effect of westerly air masses in the summer and the combined influence of westerly and polar air masses during the winter, although the southern part showed more complex precipitation processes in the summer. River water in the basin has relatively large temporal variations in both δ¹⁸O and δ²H showing a distinct seasonal pattern with lower isotope values in May than in September. Higher d-excess values throughout the year in the Aksu river and the Tizinafu river suggest that water may be intensively recycled in the mountains of the TRB. Based on isotopic hydrograph separation, we found that groundwater is the main water source that discharges the entire basin although individual rivers vary.     

基于嵌入式系统的搬运机器人设计与路径规划研究

为了解决目前工业搬运机器人发展的需求问题,设计了一款基于嵌入式系统的搬运机器人。该型搬运机器人的循线采用的是一种七路灰度传感器,并通过设计的一种蓝牙模块将灰度信息发送到手机端,从而简化了循线时的调试,具有创新性。搬运机器人前端安装有颜色传感器用以区分不同种类的物料。电机控制部分设计了一个PID闭环控制系统,通过PWM脉冲宽度调节来控制电机的转速。然后,针对模拟场地提出了一种路径规划算法,并通过设计的搬运机器人进行了实验测试与分析,验证了该方法的准确性和有效性。     

关联染料敏化太阳能电池薄膜厚度与光伏性能的漂移-扩散数值模拟

建立漂移-扩散模型来模拟敏化电池的电荷分离过程.该模型能够计算在稳态和非稳态条件下光生电子的多步受限扩散及其与电子受体的复合反应.通过对电池的电流-电压曲线的数值模拟,优化了电池的薄膜厚度并获得了最大的光电转换效率.发现膜厚的增加降低了电荷收集效率,但有利于提高电子注入流率,光电流的输出正是受控于这两个因素.复合速率常数严重影响了膜厚优化的结果.较厚的薄膜适合于电子复合被充分抑制的电池,而较薄的薄膜有利于降低快复合电池的电子复合损失.在开路条件下,膜厚的提高会减小电子浓度,在造成光电压的降低的同时会提高电子寿命.