Studies of structural reorganization in Nylon 1010 during heating scanning

The process of structural reorganization and thermal history recurrence in Nylon 1010 were studied by using DSC through different heat treatments. The characteristics of both endothermic and exothermic peaks on DSC curve is explained reasonably. The viewpoint is advanced that crystallites assembly is characterized by premelting crystallisation peak. The temperature range sensitive to the crystal perfection is determined. The results provide theoretical basis for the processing and application of Nylon 1010.

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Zusammenfassung Mittels DSC bei verschiedenen Wärmebehandlungen wurde der Vorgang der strukturellen Rückordnung und das thermische Vorleben von Nylon 1010 untersucht. Sowohl exotherme als auch endotherme Peaks an der DSC-Kurve konnten plausibel erklärt werden. Das Kristallitgefüge wird durch einen Premelting Kristallisationspeak bestimmt. Der für die Kristallvollkommenheit ausschlaggebende Temperaturbereich wurde bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse liefern eine theoretische Grundlage für den Umgang und die Anwendungen von Nylon 1010.

     

Mass resolved MPI spectra of methyl iodide in the 430-490 nm region

The mass resolved multiphoton ionization (MPI) spectra of methyl iodide were obtained in the 430-490 nm region using a time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometer. They have the same vibrational structure, which testifies that the fragment species, in the wavelength region under study, are from the photodissociation of multiphoton ionized molecular parent ions. Some features in the spectra are identified as three-photon excitations to 6p and 7s Rydberg states of methyl iodide. Two new vibrational structures of some Rydberg states are observed. The mechanism of ionization and dissociation is also discussed.     

Visible light driven deuteration of formyl C–H and hydridic C(sp3)–H bonds in feedstock chemicals and pharmaceutical molecules

Deuterium labelled compounds are of significant importance in chemical mechanism investigations, mass spectrometric studies, diagnoses of drug metabolisms, and pharmaceutical discovery. Herein, we report an efficient hydrogen deuterium exchange reaction using deuterium oxide (D₂O) as the deuterium source, enabled by merging a tetra-n-butylammonium decatungstate (TBADT) hydrogen atom transfer photocatalyst and a thiol catalyst under light irradiation at 390 nm. This deuteration protocol is effective with formyl C–H bonds and a wide range of hydridic C(sp³)–H bonds (e.g. α-oxy, α-thioxy, α-amino, benzylic, and unactivated tertiary C(sp³)–H bonds). It has been successfully applied to the high incorporation of deuterium in 38 feedstock chemicals, 15 pharmaceutical compounds, and 6 drug precursors. Sequential deuteration between formyl C–H bonds of aldehydes and other activated hydridic C(sp³)–H bonds can be achieved in a selective manner.

A selective hydrogen deuterium exchange reaction with formyl C–H bonds and a wide range of hydridic C(sp³)–H bonds has been achieved by merging tetra-n-butylammonium decatungstate photocatalyst and a thiol catalyst under 390 nm light irradiation.     

合成甲醇的催化剂Rh-ZnO/MWNTs的研究

研究新型的由多壁碳纳米管(MWNTs)负载的， ZnO助催的铑基甲醇合成催化剂. 当铑含量达到4％(w)时，催化剂具有较高的比表面积(99.6 m2•g－1), 催化剂的反应活化能为68.8 kJ•mol－1.在563 K, 1 MPa下，催化剂的最高催化活性和甲醇选择性分别为411.4 mg/gcat.•h和96.7％. TEM、TPR和TPD等表征结果显示，碳纳米管能增加Rh在催化剂表面的分散度，提高催化剂的还原温度并能增加氢物种的吸附量，这些结果将有助于更好地了解催化剂中各组分间的协同作用和催化活性中心本质.     

Comparison of conventional and enhanced mass resolution triple-quadrupole mass spectrometers for discovery bioanalytical applications

A new triple-quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS) system with enhanced resolution capabilities has recently become available. In order to evaluate the performance of this new instrument for drug discovery assays, both the linearity and the limit of detection were compared in the positive electrospray ionization (ESI) mode with those of a conventional triple-quadrupole instrument supplied by the same manufacturer. For these studies, spiked mouse plasma standard samples were split and assayed by each instrument, which allowed for a direct comparison of the two systems. In the unit mass resolution mode, the new mass spectrometer was found to be at least ten-fold more sensitive than the conventional instrument. The sensitivity of the new mass spectrometer under the enhanced mass resolution mode was found to be even better by another factor of two. For the test compound, the linear dynamic range was found to be 0.05-5000 ng/mL for the new instrument as compared with 2.5-5000 ng/mL for the conventional mass spectrometer.     

Synthetic studies toward amphidinolide B1: synthesis of the C9-C26 fragment

[reaction: see text] The synthesis of the C9-C26 portion of amphidinolide B1 is described. A Fleming allylation followed by elimination was employed for the construction of the C13-C15 diene portion. Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation was utilized for regioselective functionalization of a styrene-derived alkene, in the presence of the C13-C15 diene functionality. A highly diastereoselective aldol reaction was developed to establish the C18 stereochemistry.     

Studies towards diarylheptanoid synthesis. Part 1: Synthesis and ring cleavage reactions of hexahydro-2H,5H-pyrano[2,3-b]pyran-2-ones

Lewis acid promoted anomeric substitution reactions of a stereoselectively prepared hexahydro-2H,5H-pyrano[2,3-b]pyran-2-one derivative was studied as a model for diarylheptanoid synthesis. Aromatic nucleophiles consistently provided the expected thermodynamic C-aryl pyranoside product.     

Characterization of framework and extra-framework aluminum species in non-hydrated zeolites Y by 27Al spin-echo, high-speed MAS, and MQMAS NMR spectroscopy at B0 = 9.4 to 17.6 T

27Al spin-echo, high-speed MAS (nu(rot) = 30 kHz), and MQMAS NMR spectroscopy in magnetic fields of B0 = 9.4, 14.1, and 17.6 T were applied for the study of aluminum species at framework and extra-framework positions in non-hydrated zeolites Y. Non-hydrated gamma-Al2O3 and non-hydrated aluminum-exchanged zeolite Y (Al,Na-Y) and zeolite H,Na-Y were utilized as reference materials. The solid-state 27Al NMR spectra of steamed zeolite deH,Na-Y/81.5 were found to consist of four signals. The broad low-field signal is caused by a superposition of the signals of framework aluminum atoms in the vicinity of bridging hydroxyl protons and framework aluminum atoms compensated in their negative charge by aluminum cations (delta(iso) = 70 +/- 10 ppm, C(QCC) = 15.0 +/- 1.0 MHz). The second signal is due to a superposition of the signals of framework aluminum atoms compensated by sodium cations and tetrahedrally coordinated aluminum atoms in neutral extra-framework aluminum oxide clusters (delta(iso) = 65 +/- 5 ppm, C(QCC) = 8.0 +/- 0.5 MHz). The residual two signals were attributed to aluminum cations (delta(iso) = 35 +/- 5 ppm, C(QCC) = 7.5 +/- 0.5 MHz) and octahedrally coordinated aluminum atoms in neutral extra-framework aluminum oxide clusters (delta(iso) = 10 +/- 5 ppm, C(QCC) = 5.0 +/- 0.5 MHz). By chemical analysis and evaluating the relative solid-state 27Al NMR intensities of the different signals of aluminum species occurring in zeolite deH,Na-Y/81.5 in the non-hydrated state, the aluminum distribution in this material was determined.     

Electron momentum spectroscopy of CF2Cl2: experimental and theoretical momentum profiles for outer valence orbitals

Electron momentum distributions for outer valence orbitals of CF2Cl2 have been obtained by (e,2e) electron momentum spectroscopy at an incident energy of 1200 eV + binding energy. The experimental electron momentum profiles are compared with Hartree-Fock and density functional theory (DFT) calculations using B3LYP hybrid functional with the 6-31G and 6-311+G* basis sets. Generally, the shapes of the experimental momentum profiles are well reproduced by DFT calculations using larger basis sets 6-311 + G*. An attempt has been made to clarify the ordering of the outer valence orbitals, which have been in controversy, by comparing experimental results with B3LYP/6-311 + G* calculations.     

New metalloligands [M(SC[O]Ph)(4)](-): synthesis and characterization of polymeric [A(MeCN)(x)[M(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] compounds (A = Li,Na and K; M = Ga and In; x = 0-2)

Exploiting the ability of the [M(SC[O]Ph)(4)](-) anion to behave like an anionic metalloligand, we have synthesized [Li[Ga(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (1), [Li[In(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (2), [Na[Ga(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (3), [Na(MeCN)[In(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (4), [K[Ga(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (5), and [K(MeCN)(2)[In(SC[O]Ph)(4)]] (6) by reacting MX(3) and PhC[O]S(-)A(+) (M = Ga(III) and In(III); X = Cl(-) and NO(3)(-); and A = Li(I), Na(I), and K(I)) in the molar ratio 1:4. The structures of 2, 4, and 6 determined by X-ray crystallography indicate that they have a one-dimensional coordination polymeric structure, and structural variations may be attributed to the change in the alkali metal ion from Li(I) to Na(I) to K(I). Crystal data for 2 x 0.5MeCN x 0.25H(2)O: monoclinic space group C2/c, a = 24.5766(8) A, b = 13.2758(5) A, c = 19.9983(8) A, beta = 108.426(1) degrees, Z = 8, and V = 6190.4(4) A(3). Crystal data for 4: monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, a = 10.5774(7) A, b = 21.9723(15) A, c = 14.4196(10) A, beta = 110.121(1) degrees, Z = 4, and V = 3146.7(4) A(3). Crystal data for 6: monoclinic space group P2(1)/c, a = 12.307(3) A, b = 13.672(3) A, c = 20.575(4) A, beta = 92.356(4) degrees, Z = 4, and V = 3458.8(12) A(3). The thermal decomposition of these compounds indicated the formation of the corresponding AMS(2) materials.