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11.
Takashi Kashiwagi Eric Grulke Jenny Hilding Richard Harris Walid Awad Jack Douglas 《Macromolecular rapid communications》2002,23(13):761-765
Nanocomposites based on poly(propylene) and multi‐wall carbon nanotubes (up to 2 vol.‐%) were melt blended, yielding a good dispersion of nanotubes without using any organic treatment or additional additives. Carbon nanotubes are found to significantly enhance the thermal stability of poly(propylene) in nitrogen at high temperatures. Specifically, the nanotube additive greatly reduced the heat release rate of poly(propylene). They are found to be at least as effective a flame‐retardant as clay/poly(propylene) nanocomposites. 相似文献
12.
Military course of action planning involves time and space synchronization as well as resource and asset allocation. A mission could be seen as a defined set of logical ordered tasks with time and space constraints. The resources to task rules require that available assets should be allocated to each task. A combination of assets might be required to execute a given task. The couple (task, resources) constitutes an action. This problem is formulated as a multi-objectives scheduling and resource allocation problem. Any solution is assessed based on a number of conflicting and heterogeneous objectives. In fact, military planning officers should keep perfecting the plan based on the Commander’s criteria for success. The scheduling problem and resource allocation problem are considered as NP-Hard Problems [A. Guitouni, B. Urli, J.-M. Martel, Course of action planning: A project based modelling, Working Paper, Faculté des sciences de l’ administration, Université Laval, Québec, 2005]. This paper is concerned with the multi-objectives resource allocation problem. Our objective is to find adequate resource allocation for given courses of action schedule. To optimize this problem, this paper investigates non-exact solution methods, like meta-heuristic methods for finding potential efficient solutions. A progressive resource allocation methodology is proposed based on Tabu Search and multi-objectives concepts. This technique explores the search space so as to find a set of potential efficient solutions without aggregating the objectives into a single objective function. It is guided by the principle of maximizing the usage of any resource before considering a replacement resource. Thus, a given resource is allocated to the maximum number of tasks for a given courses of action schedule. A good allocation is a potential efficient solution. These solutions are retained by applying a combination of a dominance rule and a multi-criteria filtering method. The performance of the proposed Pareto-based approach is compared to two aggregation approaches: weighted-sum and the lexicographic techniques. The result shows that a Pareto-based approach is providing better solutions and allowing more flexibility to the decision-maker. 相似文献
13.
In order to solve linear programs with a large number of constraints, constraint generation techniques are often used. In
these algorithms, a relaxation of the formulation containing only a subset of the constraints is first solved. Then a separation
procedure is called which adds to the relaxation any inequality of the formulation that is violated by the current solution.
The process is iterated until no violated inequality can be found. In this paper, we present a separation procedure that uses
several points to generate violated constraints. The complexity of this separation procedure and of some related problems
is studied. Also, preliminary computational results about the advantages of using multiple-points separation procedures over
traditional separation procedures are given for random linear programs and survivable network design. They illustrate that,
for some specific families of linear programs, multiple-points separation can be computationally effective. 相似文献
14.
Salah-Eddine Chorfi Ghita El Guermai Lahcen Maniar Walid Zouhair 《Mathematical Methods in the Applied Sciences》2023,46(1):911-929
This paper studies an inverse hyperbolic problem for the wave equation with dynamic boundary conditions. It consists of determining some forcing terms from the final overdetermination of the displacement. First, the Fréchet differentiability of the Tikhonov functional is studied, and a gradient formula is obtained via the solution of an associated adjoint problem. Then, the Lipschitz continuity of the gradient is proved. Furthermore, the existence and the uniqueness for the minimization problem are discussed. Finally, some numerical experiments for the reconstruction of an internal wave force are implemented via a conjugate gradient algorithm. 相似文献
15.
The linear stability analysis of a Newtonian incompressible fluid in a vertical curved channel formed by two coaxial cylindrical
surfaces with a radial temperature gradient and an azimuthal pressure gradient shows that critical modes are oscillatory
and non-axisymmetric. We have derived a generalized Rayleigh discriminant which includes both the curvature and buoyancy
effects. Centrifugal buoyancy induces weak asymmetry of the dependence of the control parameter critical values on the sign
of the temperature gradient. The critical parameters depend on the temperature gradient, the radius ratio and the nature of
the fluid. For a wide curvature channel flow, there are two critical modes: oscillatory Dean modes for small temperature gradients
and oscillatory centrifugal-thermal modes for relatively large temperature gradients.
Received 14 November 2001 and accepted 29 March 2002 Published online: 2 October 2002
Communicated by H.J.S. Fernando 相似文献
16.
17.
Ramzia I. El-Bagary Gabor Patonay Asmaa A. Elzahr Ehab F. Elkady Walid A. Ebeid 《Chromatographia》2014,77(3-4):257-264
A rapid and precise LC method was developed for the simultaneous determination of aliskiren hemifumarate (ALS), amlodipine besylate (AML) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCZ) using acetonitrile:25 mM octane sulfonic acid sodium salt monohydrate in water (60:40 v/v) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was maintained at 1.2 mL min?1 on a stationary phase composed of Supelco, Discovery® HS (C18) column (25 cm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm). Isocratic elution was applied throughout the analysis. Detection was carried out at λ max (232 nm) at ambient temperature. The method was validated according to ICH guidelines. Linearity, accuracy and precision were satisfactory over the concentration ranges of 32–320, 2–44 and 4–64 μg mL?1 for ALS, AML and HCZ, respectively. LOD and LOQ were estimated and found to be 0.855 and 2.951 μg mL?1, respectively, for ALS, 0.061 and 0.202 μg mL?1, respectively, for AML as well as 0.052 and 0.174 μg mL?1, respectively, for HCZ. The method was successfully applied for the determination of the three drugs in their co-formulated tablets. The results were compared statistically with reference methods and no significant difference was found. The developed method is specific and accurate for the quality control and routine analysis of the cited drugs in pharmaceutical preparations. 相似文献
18.
19.
Ahmed Fouzi Tarchoun Djalal Trache Amir Abdelaziz Abdelatif Harrat Walid Oussama Boukecha Mohamed Abderrahim Hamouche Hani Boukeciat Mohammed Dourari 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(20)
This research aims to develop new high-energy dense ordinary- and nano-energetic composites based on hydrazine 3-nitro-1,2,4-triazol-5-one (HNTO) and nitrated cellulose and nanostructured nitrocellulose (NC and NMCC). The elaborated energetic formulations (HNTO/NC and HNTO/NMCC) were fully characterized in terms of their chemical compatibility, morphology, thermal stability, and energetic performance. The experimental findings implied that the designed HNTO/NC and HNTO/NMCC formulations have good compatibilities with attractive characteristics such as density greater than 1.780 g/cm3 and impact sensitivity around 6 J. Furthermore, theoretical performance calculations (EXPLO5 V6.04) displayed that the optimal composition of the as-prepared energetic composites yielded excellent specific impulses and detonation velocities, which increased from 205.7 s and 7908 m/s for HNTO/NC to 209.6 s and 8064 m/s for HNTO/NMCC. Moreover, deep insight on the multi-step kinetic behaviors of the as-prepared formulations was provided based on the measured DSC data combined with isoconversional kinetic methods. It is revealed that both energetic composites undergo three consecutive exothermic events with satisfactory activation energies in the range of 139–166 kJ/mol for HNTO/NC and 119–134 kJ/mol for HNTO/NMCC. Overall, this research displayed that the new developed nanoenergetic composite based on nitrated cellulose nanostructure could serve as a promising candidate for practical applications in solid rocket propellants and composite explosives. 相似文献
20.
Walid M. Hikal Sanjoy K. Bhattacharia Mark W. Vaughn Brandon L. Weeks 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2022,27(17)
In this article, we report the in-situ nanoscale experimental measurement of sublimation rates, activation energy of sublimation, and diffusion coefficients of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) single crystals in air using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The crystals were prepared by slow evaporation at 5 °C using acetone-dissolved TNT. The mass loss was calculated by monitoring the shrinkage of the surface area of layered islands formed on the surface of the TNT crystals due to sublimation upon isothermal heating at temperatures below the melting point. The results suggest the sublimation process occurs via two-dimensional detachment of TNT molecules from the non-prominent facets on the crystal surface which imitates the nucleation and crystal growth process. Sublimation rates are one order of magnitude smaller than previously reported values. However, the calculated activation energy (112.15 ± 3.2 kJ/mol) and temperature-dependent sublimation rates agree well with the reported values for TNT thin films and microcrystals determined by UV-vis absorbance spectroscopy and quartz crystal microscopy (QCM) (90–141 kJ/mol). The average diffusion coefficient is (4.35 × 10–6 m2/s) which is within the range of the reported theoretical values with an average of 5.59 × 10–6 m2/s, and about 25% less than that determined using thermogravimetric analysis for powder TNT. 相似文献