Zur Analyse von Ferrozirkon

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Direct electrochemistry of cytochrome c on nanotextured diamond surface

Nanotextured diamond surfaces with geometrical properties close to protein dimensions were used for the realization of direct electron transfer of cytochrome c (cyt c) without any covalent bonding. The peroxidase activity of native and denatured cyt c was also investigated. Cyclic voltammograms of native cyt c show quasi-reversible electron transfer reactions, while no heme redox activity is detected for denatured cyt c. Unfolding (denaturation) of cyt c can be achieved in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Partially or fully denatured cyt c showed higher peroxidase activity than native cyt c. This is because denatured cyt c loses its tertiary structure and hydrogen peroxide is easier to access the heme redox center. The apparent Michaelis–Menten constant K_m for native and denatured cyt c has been determined to be 0.23 mM and 0.08 mM.     

Interaction of methoxy- and methylenedioxyamphetamines with carbon and polymeric adsorbents in polar liquids

Solid phase extraction (SPE) of methoxy- and methylenedioxyamphetamines from diluted aqueous solutions was investigated on carbon and polymeric adsorbents of different textures and chemical compositions. Those adsorbents were applied cartridges packed with three chemically modified carbons prepared from plum stones (initial A2PS, oxidized A2PS-O, and reduced A2PS-H) and commercially available adsorbents (polymeric LiChrolut EN, graphitized Hypercarb and Carboprep). Several factors influence the recovery rates of amphetamine derivatives such as the polarity of adsorbates (free energy of salvation), the specific surface area and surface composition of adsorbents, and the solvent characteristics. Different combinations of these factors affect the recovery rate (R1) for high- and low-surface area adsorbents. The minimal R1 values are observed for an amphetamine derivative at a maximal solvation effect and for a set of amphetamines adsorbed on graphitized carbons.      

Single-pass high-harmonic generation at 20.8 MHz repetition rate

We report on single-pass high-harmonic generation (HHG) with amplified driving laser pulses at a repetition rate of 20.8?MHz. An Yb:YAG Innoslab amplifier system provides 35?fs pulses with 20?W average power at 1030?nm after external pulse compression. Following tight focusing into a xenon gas jet, we observe the generation of high-harmonic radiation of up to the seventeenth order. Our results show that state-of-the-art amplifier systems have become a promising alternative to cavity-assisted HHG for applications that require high repetition rates, such as frequency comb spectroscopy in the extreme UV.     

Moment Functions and Central Limit Theorem for Jacobi Hypergroups on [0,\infty [

In this paper, we derive sharp estimates and asymptotic results for moment functions on Jacobi type hypergroups. Moreover, we use these estimates to prove a central limit theorem (CLT) for random walks on Jacobi hypergroups with growing parameters $\alpha ,\beta \rightarrow \infty $ . As a special case, we obtain a CLT for random walks on the hyperbolic spaces ${H}_d(\mathbb F )$ with growing dimensions $d$ over the fields $\mathbb F =\mathbb R ,\ \mathbb C $ or the quaternions $\mathbb H $ .     

Static Headspace Sampling and Solid-Phase Microextraction for Assessment of Edible Oils Stability

Static headspace sampling and headspace solid-phase microextraction have been applied for the determination of the low molecular mass aldehydes—markers of edible oil oxidation. Preconcentration and determination conditions for the two procedures were optimized. LODs LOQs and repeatability of a standard mixture were established for all investigated compounds. Both methods of sampling were applied to the analysis of samples of rapeseed and sunflower oils. It appears that solid-phase microextraction is better than headspace sampling for the analysis of volatile oxidation products. Solid-phase microextraction can be conducted at a much lower temperature and has lower LOD values and better repeatability than headspace sampling.     

Influence of the soft segment length on the properties of water‐cured poly(carbonate‐urethane‐urea)s

Poly(carbonate‐urethane‐urea)s (PCUU) based on oligocarbonate diols (M_n ≈ 2000) with different length of the hydrocarbon chain as soft segments were synthesized and investigated. Carbonate oligomerols were obtained in a two‐step method from dimethyl carbonate (DMC) and linear α,ω‐diols (1,4‐butanediol, 1,5‐pentanediol, 1,6‐hexanediol, 1,9‐nonanediol, 1,10‐dekanediol and 1,12‐dodecanediol). Oligo(trimethylene carbonate) diol was synthesized using ring‐opening polymerization of trimethylence carbonate. PCUUs were obtained by prepolymer method using isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and water as a chain extender. Changes in polymers properties with increase of methylene group number between carbonate linkages were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA), tensile strength and hardness measurements. The thermal stability was also analyzed by means of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Based on FTIR analysis influence of methylene groups number between carbonate linkages on phase separation and concentration of allophanate and biuret groups in the samples were investigated. The obtained poly(carbonate‐urethane‐urea)s exhibited very good mechanical properties. Tensile strength and elongation at break were 40 MPa and 400–600%, respectively, depending on the oligocarbonate used. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.