Submillimeter-Wave Spectroscopy of CO in the a(3)Pi State

Submillimeter-wave absorption spectrum of CO in electronically excited a(3)Pi state was observed in the 540-830 GHz region by using a phase-locked BWO spectrometer. New rotational transitions up to J = 9-8 in the vibrational excited states up to v = 5 were analyzed accompanied with previous observations in the RF and millimeter-wave regions. A multivibrational states fit among a' (3)Sigma(+) (v = 0-3) and a(3)Pi (v = 0-7) states was performed in order to analyze overall perturbation between the a(3)Pi and a' (3)Sigma(+) states. As a result, the deperturbed rotational parameters were derived precisely to improve the RKR potential. Copyright 2000 Academic Press.     

Analysis of radiation pressure exerted on a metallic particle within an evanescent field

Radiation pressure induced by an evanescent field was experimentally analyzed for a single submicrometer-sized gold particle. The force measurement was based on a thermodynamic analysis of Brownian motion by use of a three-dimensional position-sensing technique. The lateral radiation pressure could be ascribed to a scattering force, which was oriented in the same direction as the propagation vector of the incident laser beam. The potential profile in the longitudinal direction indicated that the gold particle was attracted to the high-intensity region of the evanescent field by a gradient force.     

Equivalence among different formalisms in the Tsallis entropy framework

In a recent paper [T. Wada, A.M. Scarfone, Phys. Lett. A 335 (2005) 351] the authors discussed the equivalence among the various probability distribution functions of a system in equilibrium in the Tsallis entropy framework. In the present letter we extend these results to a system which is out of equilibrium and evolves to a stationary state according to a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation (NFPE). By means of time-scale conversion, it is shown that there exists a “correspondence” among the self-similar solutions of the NFPEs associated with the different Tsallis formalisms. The time-scale conversion is related to the corresponding Lyapunov functions of the respective NFPEs.     

Effects of organic modifiers on the size-controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanorods

Size-controlled synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanorods were carried out by chemical precipitation method using polyethylene glycol (MW 600), Tween 20, trisodium citrate, and d-sorbitol as organic modifiers and starting from calcium nitrate, phosphoric acid, and ammonia solution. The influence of the organic modifiers on the sizes of the resultant HAP nanorods was investigated under different synthesis temperatures. It was found that polyethylene glycol was beneficial to the formation of HAP nanorods with a larger aspect ratio (average length/average diameter) at high synthesis temperature, Tween 20 and trisodium citrate favored the formation of small-sized HAP nanorods, and d-sorbitol helped the formation of HAP nanorods with long length at low synthesis temperatures.     

Burst-mode EDFA based on a mid-position gain flattening filter with an overpumping configuration for variable traffic conditions in a WDM environment

The WDM flatness easily collapses due to substantial changes in input power, an inherent problem in optical packet communication because of dynamic changes in traffic density. We propose a burst-mode EDFA with a novel configuration based on the concept of a mid-position gain flattening filter (GFF) with overpumping. This configuration can effectively suppress gain transience while maintaining WDM flatness.     

Synthesis of 7-alkyl-2,4-dimethoxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidines

A convenient synthesis of 7-alkyl-2,4-dimethoxy-5-oxo-5H-pyrano[4,3-d]pyrimidines from methyl 2,4-dimethoxy-6-phenylselenylmethyl (or 6-phenylthiomethyl)-5-pyrimidinecarboxylate with alkylaldehydes is described.     

A simple HPLC-fluorescence detection of nitric oxide in cultivated plant cells by in situ derivatization with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene.

An HPLC method with fluorescence detection for the determination of nitric oxide (NO) in cultivated plant cells (Agave pacifica, Agavaceae) was developed. NO was derivatized in situ with 2,3-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) as a labeling reagent and converted to 1(H)-naphthotriazole. The maximum peak height of the derivative was observed by incubation for 3 h at 25 degrees C with 0.2 mM DAN. Excess reagent in cells was removed by washing 3 times with 5 ml of water. The calibration curve for authentic standard of DAN-NO spiked to cultivated plant cells showed a good linearity (r = 0.995) in the range of 5.0 to 50 pmol/g cell. The detection limit at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3 was 3.4 pmol/g cells. The proposed method was successfully applied to the monitoring of NO concentration with cell growth. The effect of thermal treatment on the concentration of NO in plant cells was also examined. The concentration of NO in cells treated at 5 degrees C for 1 h was significantly higher than that treated at 25 degrees C and 35 degrees C for 1 h (n = 3, p < 0.05).