肝豆状核变性患者的肾脏病变特点及长期使用青霉胺的影响研究

目的 探讨肝豆状核变性患者肾脏病变的特点及长期使用青霉胺治疗对其产生的可能影响。方法 选取70 例临床 确诊为肝豆状核变性患者作为观察组,根据临床表型和使用青霉胺时间分为肝脏型组、肝脑混合型组、脑型组及使用青霉胺＜5年组、5～10 年组、＞10 年组,检测并比较各组患者尿总蛋白（TG）、低分子量蛋白（LMW）、高分子量蛋白（HMW）、β2微球蛋白（β2-MG）、β－N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖苷酶（NAG）、白蛋白（ALG）及血肌酐（Scr）等肾脏病变相关指标;另选择无血缘关系且血铜蓝蛋白及铜氧化酶等铜代谢检查均正常的健康志愿者70 例作为对照组,检测上述指标并与观察组对照。结果 观察组的肾脏病变相关指标显著高于对照组;不同临床表型的患者各项指标间无统计学差异;随着服用青霉胺时间的延长,患者尿液中β2-MG、LMW百分比、NAG、TG水平逐渐降低,HMW 百分比、ALG水平逐渐升高,TG 呈现逐渐降低的趋势,Scr 保持不变。结论 肝豆状核变性患者肾小球和肾小管的功能均有明显的损伤;肾脏病变在不同临床表型之间无统计学差异,长期使用青霉胺治疗对肾小球的功能有一定的损伤。     

A Supercharged Fluorescent Protein as a Versatile Probe for Homogeneous DNA Detection and Methylation Analysis

Supercharged proteins are a new class of functional proteins with exceptional stability and potent ability to deliver bio‐macromolecules into cells. As a proof‐of‐principle, a novel application of supercharged proteins as a versatile biosensing platform for nucleic acid detection and epigenetics analysis is presented. Taking supercharged green fluorescent protein (ScGFP) as the signal reporter, a simple turn‐on homogenous method for DNA detection has been developed based on the polyionic nanoscale complex of ScGFP/DNA and toehold strand displacement. This assay shows high sensitivity and potent ability to detect single‐base mismatch. Furthermore, combined with bisulfite conversion, this ScGFP‐based assay was further applied to analyze site‐specific DNA methylation status of genomic DNA extracted from real human colon carcinoma tissue sample with ultrahigh sensitivity (4 amol methylated DNA).     

The morphologies and optoelectronic properties of delafossite CuFeO2 thin films prepared by PEG assisted sol–gel method

Single phase delafossite CuFeO₂ thin films were synthesized by a simple sol–gel method. The influence of polyethylene glycol (PEG) on the morphology and optoelectronic properties of the films was studied by addition of 1.0 g PEG in 10 ml precursor solution. The crystal sizes of the derived CuFeO₂ films with and without addition of PEG were 49 nm, but the sample with addition of PEG (labeled as CFO-PEG) showed weaker c-axis orientation growth. The sample without addition of PEG (labeled as CFO) showed a compact surface without detectable pores and had a thickness around 50 nm. However, the sample CFO-PEG exhibited a porous surface with worm-like grains in nanometric scale and had a thickness around 310 nm. Enhanced absorbance in UV–vis region was observed for the sample CFO-PEG which might ascribe to both the thickness and porous surface. The optical direct bandgaps at near-UV were estimated to be ~3.0 and 3.38 eV for the sample CFO-PEG and CFO, respectively. Though the porous surface of CFO-PEG has improved the absorbance in UV–vis region, the resistivity has also been increased due to the homogeneous distribution of interspaces between the worm-like grains, which makes the incident photon to current efficiency of CFO-PEG lower than that of CFO.     

Synthesis,crystal structure and optical property of manganese (II) halides based on pyridine ionic liquids with high quantum yield

Transition Metal Chemistry - Two novel tetrahedral Mn (II) halide single-crystals [(C7H10N)2][MnCl4] (1) and [(C7H10N)2][MnBr4] (2), based on pyridine ionic liquids, have been successfully...     

Multiple Stimuli-Responsive Conformational Exchanges of Biphen[3]arene Macrocycle

Conformational exchanges of synthetic macrocyclic acceptors are rather fast, which is rarely studied in the absence of guests. Here, we report multiple stimuli-responsive conformational exchanges between two preexisting conformations of 2,2′,4,4′-tetramethoxyl biphen[3]arene (MeBP3) macrocycle. Structures of these two conformations are both observed in solid state, and characterized by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and 2D NMR in solution. In particular, conformational exchanges can respond to solvents, temperatures, guest binding and acid/base addition. The current system may have a role to play in the construction of molecular switches and other stimuli-responsive systems.     

Thermal hazard assessment and ranking for organic peroxides using quantitative structure–property relationship approaches

Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry - Chemical reactivity hazards of organic peroxides are major concerns of the chemical industry due to many serious incidents every year. Thermal hazard...     

基于快速神经网络架构搜索的鲁棒图像水印网络算法

为解决深度学习在图像水印算法中计算量大且模型冗余的问题,提高图像水印算法在抵抗噪声、旋转和剪裁等攻击时的鲁棒性,提出基于快速神经网络架构搜索（neural architecture search,NAS）的鲁棒图像水印网络算法。通过多项式分布学习快速神经网络架构搜索算法,在预设的搜索空间中搜索最优网络结构,进行图像水印的高效嵌入与鲁棒提取。首先,将子网络中线性连接的全卷积层设置为独立的神经单元结构,并参数化表示结构单元内节点的连接,预先设定结构单元内每个神经元操作的搜索空间;其次,在完成一个批次的数据集训练后,依据神经元操作中的被采样次数和平均损失函数值动态更新概率;最后,重新训练搜索完成的网络。水印网络模型的参数量较原始网络模型缩减了92%以上,大大缩短了模型训练时间。由于搜索得到的网络结构更为紧凑,本文算法具有较高的时间性能和较好的实验效果,在隐藏图像时,对空域信息的依赖比原始网络更少。对改进前后的2个网络进行了大量鲁棒性实验,对比发现,本文算法在CIFAR-10数据集上对抵抗椒盐噪声和旋转、移除像素行（列）等攻击优势显著;在ImageNet数据集上对抵抗椒盐高斯噪声、旋转、中值滤波、高斯滤波、JPEG压缩、裁剪等攻击优势显著,特别是对随机移除行（列）和椒盐噪声有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于交流调制技术的弱电流放大器研制

在射线强度测量中,积分电离室输出的电流信号在10–10～10–15 A范围内,该弱电流信号需要转换和放大才可以进行采集.针对积分电离室本文设计了一种弱电流信号放大系统,采用交流调制技术将待测弱直流电流信号调制为交流电压信号,再经放大、相敏检波、滤波等电路处理后得到直流电压信号,最后进行数据采集;同时在系统中引入直流负反...     

Mg0.3Fe2.7GeTe2 单晶的磁性及霍尔效应研究

Fe3GeTe2 是一种具有稳定长程磁有序的准二维范德瓦尔斯磁性材料, 范德瓦尔斯材料的稳定性和可调性使其在自旋电子器件的应用方面具有巨大潜力. 本文用助熔剂法生长了 Mg 原子掺杂Fe2 位的 Mg0.3Fe2.7GeTe2单晶样品, 并对 Mg 掺杂Fe3GeTe2 的结构、磁性和输运性质的影响进行了研究. 磁性数据表明 Mg 掺杂后铁磁转变温度不变, 但样品的饱和磁矩减小. 输运性质的测量中观察到各向异性的反常霍尔效应, 与Fe3GeTe2 相比, Mg掺杂后的反常霍尔电阻率减小, 同时各向异性发生了变化.     

Magnetron sputtering deposition of silicon nitride on polyimide separator for high-temperature lithium-ion batteries

To date,lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly significant in the application of portable devices and electrical vehicles,and revolutionary progress in theoretical research and industrial application has been achieved.However,the commercial polyolefin separators with unsatisfying electrolytes affinity and poor thermal stability have extremely restricted the further application of lithium-ion batteries,especially in the high-temperature fields.In this work,magnetron sputtering deposition technique is employed to modify the commercial polyimide separator by coating silicon nitride on both sides.Magnetron sputtering deposition modified polyimide(MSD-PI)composite separator shows high thermal stability and ionic conductivity.More importantly,compared with the cells using Celgard separator,the cells with MSD-PI separator exhibit superior electrochemical performance,especially long-term cycle performance under high temperature environment,owing to the high thermal conductivity of surface Si3 N4 particles.Hence,lithium-ion batteries with MSD-PI separator are capable of improving thermal safety and capacity retention,which demonstrates that magnetron sputtering deposition technique could be regarded as a promising strategy to develop advanced organic/inorganic composite separators for high-temperature lithium-ion batteries.