电解质和阳离子表面活性剂对MMH/粘土体系胶体性能的影响

通过流变参数、电泳淌度和pH值的测定,研究了NaCl、MgCl₂、Na₂SO₄等电解质和阳离子表面活性剂(十六烷基三甲基溴化铵)对铝镁混合金属氢氧化物(MMH)/钠土(Mt)悬浮体胶体性能的影响.发现所研究的电解质和表面活性剂都能使MMH/Mt悬浮体的Bingham屈服值降低,但不同处理剂影响pH值和滤失量的变化趋势却不同.认为电解质中的阳离子以影响粘土颗粒间的缔合为主,而阴离子以影响MMH的荷电性能为主,前者使滤失量上升,pH值下降;后者使滤失量下降,pH值上升.电解质对MMH/Mt悬浮体滤失量和pH值的影响取决于二者相对能力的大小.阳离子表面活性剂由于在粘土上吸附后不仅影响颗粒之问的缔合,也能使其润湿性反转,导致MMH/Mt悬浮体的滤失量和Bingham屈服值的变化幅度明显高于无机电解质.     

The Pointwise Densities of the Cantor Measure

Let be the classical middle-third Cantor set and let μ be the Cantor measure. Set s = log 2/log 3. We will determine by an explicit formula for every point x the upper and lower s-densities Θ*^s(μ , x), Θ*^s(μ , x) of the Cantor measure at the point x, in terms of the 3-adic expansion of x. We show that there exists a countable set F such that 9(Θ*^s(μ , x))^{− 1/s} + (Θ*^s(μ , x))^{− 1/s} = 16 holds for x \F. Furthermore, for μ_C almost all x, Θ*^s(μ , X) − 2 · 4^{− s} and Θ*^s(μ , x) = 4^{− s}. As an application, we will show that the s-dimensional packing measure of the middle-third Cantor set is 4^s.     

BSA-SDS-Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及其水凝胶性质的研究（Ⅰ）

报道了BSA－SDS－Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及水凝胶的性质,用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT－IR）光谱考察了这种聚合物微粒的结构,微粒粒径32nm左右,用UV／Vis光谱及SEM考察了冰凝胶的性,表明Ag^ 离子先与BSA产生化学键合,再学原了Ag粒,进行聚合成网状结构的聚合物。     

铝/镁混合金属氢氧化物正电胶体粒子体系的触变性

采用恒定低剪切速率方法和动态实验方法研究了铝/镁混合金属氢氧化物(MMH)悬浮体的流变性,着重考察了剪切历史和恢复时间等因素对悬浮体触变性的影响,发现MMH粒子深度的增加使得悬浮体从粘性流体变为“类固体”;恒定低剪切速率方法和动态实验方法研究悬浮体的结构恢复过程给出了不同的结果,唯象地解释了MMH悬浮体触变性产生的原因,认为触变性结构是由于粒子间的静电排斥作用而形成的,与粘土悬浮体相比,两者的流变性具有诸多相似之处,只是所带电荷符号相反。     

ZnO和TiO2纳米粒子的光致发光性能及其与光催化活性的关系

采用沉淀法和溶胶-凝胶法制备了ZnO和TiO2及掺Zn2+的TiO2纳米粒子,用XRD和荧光光谱(FS)等手段对样品进行了表征,重点探讨了样品光致发光机制及与光催化活性的关系.结果表明,ZnO和TiO2样品在大于带隙能的光激发下均表现出明显的FS信号,热处理温度升高,FS信号强度下降,并且二者的FS信号类似,这可能与二者具有类似的电子能带结构有关,同时也说明FS信号主要源于表面氧空位以及吸附氧物种等引起的激子或表面态能级.掺杂Zn2+使TiO2纳米粒子FS信号增强,这主要与表面氧空位和缺陷等量增加有关;此外,在光催化氧化苯酚实验中,样品光催化活性与其FS信号强度顺序一致,即FS信号越强,活性越高.这是由于在光致发光过程中,FS信号主要源于表面氧空位,而在光催化反应中,表面氧空位有利于氧化反应进行.     

氨基酸-银反应的光化学特点

氨基酸与银的反应是一个不借外加能量热力学上即可进行的过程,但当引入光之后,可改变反应速率.研究发现:Soret带出现吸收所需光照度的大小顺序为Asp Ag(I)>Thr Ag(I)>Tyr Ag(I)>Lys Ag(I),对于Cys Ag(I)体系,Cys的α羧基氧、α氨基的氮与银(I)结合时光照有利于反应的进行,而S原子与银(I)结合与光照度几无关系.此反应是光助化学反应.     

Study on electric property at interface of positive sol of magnesium aluminum hydroxide

The isoelectric point (IEP) and zero point of charge (ZPC) of magnesium aluminumhydroxide were studied by electrophoresis method,potentiometric titration method,and elemental analysis.Results showed that the charge of magnesium aluminum hydroxide was composed of variable charge and permanent positive charge.Because of the permanent positive charge,the IEP and ZPC obtained were higher than calculated.The IEP decreased and ZPC increased as X increased.     

Some Relations Between Packing Premeasure and Packing Measure

Let K be a compact subset of Rⁿ, 0 s n. Let , P^s denote s-dimensional packing premeasure andmeasure, respectively. We discuss in this paper the relationbetween and P^s. We prove:if , then ; and if , then for any > 0, there exists a compact subset F of K such that and P^s(F) P^s(K) – .1991 Mathematics Subject Classification 28A80, 28A78.     

酞菁铜与Q-CdS超微粒子界面的光致电荷转移研究

The photovoltaic features and photo-induced interfacial charge transfer of CuPc-modified Q-CdS films were investigated by surface photovoltage spectra and optical absorption spectra. The results show that the interfacial charge transfer and photosensitization between CuPc and Q-CdS occur under illumination. Based on the observations, the generation and processes of the charge transfer are proposed and discussed.     

CdS超微粒子薄膜电极的光电化学特性

采用电化学方法制备了含不同粒度的ＣｄＳ超微粒子薄膜电极，应用表面光电压谱和光电化学技术对电极的光电化学特性进行了研究。结果表明，这些电极具有明显的量子限域效应，同体相材料相经，ＣｄＳ超微粒子萍奄极显示出较高的光电响应，说明该薄膜电极具有独特的光电压和电荷传输机理。