Photoassociation of ultracold RbCs molecules into the （2）0- state （v = 189,190） below the 5S1/2 ＋ 6P1/2 dissociation limit

Ultracold polar RbCs molecules are produced via photoassociation in a laser-cooled mixture of 85Rb and 133Cs atoms. The a 3Σ+ state molecules which decay from electronically excited (2)0- state RbCs molecules are detected by resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization. The new rovibrational levels (v = 189, 190) in the (2)0- state are also observed, which exist in theory and have not been observed in experiments yet. The corresponding rotational constants are measured by photoassociation spectroscopy, which are consistent with theoretical calculations using a nonrigid rotor model.     

对扭摆式刚体转动惯量测量仪载物装置的改进

在应用扭摆式刚体转动惯量测量仪测量刚体的转动惯量实验中,测量球体、圆柱(筒)体和细杆时需要更换不同的夹具,实验操做繁琐.为此设计了固定在仪器中心轴上的综合载物盘,避免了各种夹具的更换,消除了系统误差,提高了测量精度.     

基于单片机与传感器的金属线胀系数测定

介绍一种基于单片机和传感器的金属线胀系数测定数据采集处理系统。该系统能实时测量由传感器检测的压力与温度并对数据自动采集与储存,经线性拟合给出线胀系数。电路设计外部硬件电路少,结构简单。其软件功能还可进行扩展以适应不同需求。在21世纪的今天,让学生了解并掌握计算机数据采集与处理方法很有意义。     

污染气体扩散风洞试验的大涡模拟

采用大涡模拟方法对污染气体绕方体扩散的风洞试验进行了数值模拟,使用分割方法细致的划分了有限体积模型网格,采用UDF编写风速的梯度函数作为入口边界条件.模拟得到的流场与污染气体浓度场都与风洞试验数据较为吻合,并且数值计算能获得实验中难以观察到的较小的涡旋,大涡模拟污染气体扩散可以获得更为精细的结果.     

NVP在全息聚合物分散液晶光栅中的反应动力学研究

为了提高全息聚合物分散液晶(简称HPDIC)光栅的衍射效率并得到良好的光栅表面形貌,在制备光栅的反应体系中添加了具有吡咯烷酮结构的单官能度小分子NVP,并进一步阐述了NVP对HPDLC光栅在反应动力学方面的影响.分析表明,NVP的添加显著增加了预聚单体的聚合速率,并且能使原本被困在聚合物网络当中的双键继续发生反应,从而大大提高了反应体系的双键转化率;另外,NVP的添加使得光栅的相分离更加彻底,在获得良好的表面形貌的同时也增大了光栅的折射率调制度,从而提高了HPDLC光栅的衍射效率.总之,在添加了NVP之后,体系的聚合速率和预聚单体的反应度都大大提高,从而使得光栅的表面形貌和衍射效率也得到较大的改善和提高,衍射效率提高到96.36%.     

离子交换法吸附乙二醇-盐水体系中氯离子的研究

选用3种阴离子交换树脂A600、A600DL和D296R,研究了其对70%乙二醇-盐水混合体系中氯离子的静态吸附性能。结果表明,在20～40min内3种树脂对氯离子的吸附均可以达到吸附平衡,A600树脂吸附乙二醇-盐水混合体系中氯离子效果最佳,而且吸附过程中树脂用量少,吸附后样液中氯离子浓度即可达到相应标准。3种树脂吸附等温线按D-R吸附方程拟合最优。3种树脂吸附氯离子速率方程液膜扩散拟合曲线的线性关系较好,表明液膜扩散为树脂对乙二醇-盐水体系中氯离子吸附速率的主要控制步骤。再生性结果表明,在298K下,A600和A600DL树脂容易再生,而D296R树脂不易再生。通过红外光谱和拉曼光谱初步探讨了3种树脂的吸附机理,与静态吸附和再生研究结果相吻合。该研究将为天然气集输系统中的乙二醇盐水体系氯离子脱除提供理论基础。     

Lianqiaoxinoside B, a novel caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside from Forsythia suspensa

Chemical investigation of the 70% ethanol extract of the unripe fruits of Forsythia suspensa resulted in the isolation of a novel caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycoside, lianqiaoxinoside B, together with the known compound forsythoside H. The new compound was elucidated to be 1',2'-[β-(3,4,-dihydroxylphenyl)-α,β-dioxoethanol]-3'-O-caffeoyl-O-α-rhamnopyranosyl-(1→6)-O-β-glucopyranoside by extensive spectroscopic and chemical studies. Lianqiaoxinoside B and forsythoside H showed strong antioxidant and antimicrobial activities in vitro by the 2,2'-azinobis-3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonate (ABTS) radical-scavenging assay and plate method. This study can be further extended to exploit for the possible application of caffeoyl phenylethanoid glycosides as the alternative antioxidants and antimicrobial agents of natural origin.     

A simulation study on nanoscale holes generated by gold nanoparticles on negative lipid bilayers

Understanding the interactions of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with cellular compartments, especially cell membranes, is of fundamental importance in obtaining their control in biomedical applications. An effort is made in this paper to investigate the interactions of 2.2 nm core AuNPs with negative model bilayer membranes by coarse-grained (CG) molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. The CG model of lipid bilayer was taken from Marrink et al. ( J. Phys. Chem. B 2004, 108, 750-760 ), whereas the CG AuNPs model was developed on the basis of both atomistic MD simulations and experimental data. It was found that AuNPs functionalized with cationic ligands penetrated into the negative bilayer membranes and generated significant disruptions on bilayers. The lipids surrounding the nanoparticle were highly disordered and the bulk surface of the bilayer exhibits some defective areas. Most importantly, it is observed that a nanoscale hole can be formed and expanded spontaneously on the peripheral regions of the 20 × 20 nm bilayer. The expansion of the hole is on the time scale of hundreds of nanosceonds. The fully expanded hole had a radius of ～5.5 nm and could transport water molecules at a rate of up to ～1100 molecule/ns. However holes could not be formed on a larger bilayer (28 × 28 nm). The factors that can eliminate hole formation on the bilayer also include the decrease of cationic lignads on the AuNP, the reduction of negative lipids in the bilayer, the release of bilayer surface tension, the lowering of temperature, and the addition of a high concentration of salt. The results suggest that a hole can only be formed on living cell membranes under extreme conditions.     

Generalized Langevin dynamics simulation: numerical integration and application of the generalized Langevin equation with an exponential model for the friction kernel

An efficient procedure is introduced for a generalized Langevin dynamics simulation when the exponential model is taken for the friction kernel. The leap frog algorithm is used for numerical integration of the generalized Langevin equation. Simulation with this model has been performed on a cyclic undecapeptide, cyclosporin A (CPA). By comparison with the results obtained from previous simulations, the method proves to be reliable and efficient in the simulation of CPA.     

Free-standing optoelectronic graphene–CdS–graphene oxide composite paper produced by vacuum-assisted self-assembly

Free-standing optoelectronic graphene–CdS–graphene oxide (G–CdS–GO) composite papers were prepared by vacuum-assisted self-assembly. G–CdS hybrids were first prepared by a hydrothermal method and GO acts as a dispersant which makes it easier to disperse them to form relatively stable aqueous suspensions for fabricating paper. Transmission electron microscopy shows that CdS quantum dots (QDs) with an average size of approximately 1–2 nm were distributed uniformly on the graphene sheets. Photoluminescence measurements for the as-prepared G–CdS–GO composite paper showed that the surface defect related emissions of attached CdS QDs decrease and blue shift obviously due to the change in particle size and the interaction of the surface of the CdS QDs with both the GO and the graphene sheets. The resulting paper holds great potential for applications in thin film solar cells, sensors, diodes, and so on.