全文获取类型
收费全文 | 207855篇 |
免费 | 2774篇 |
国内免费 | 1547篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 96344篇 |
晶体学 | 2864篇 |
力学 | 11951篇 |
综合类 | 46篇 |
数学 | 44132篇 |
物理学 | 56839篇 |
出版年
2018年 | 11102篇 |
2017年 | 10845篇 |
2016年 | 7513篇 |
2015年 | 2089篇 |
2014年 | 1955篇 |
2013年 | 5561篇 |
2012年 | 7575篇 |
2011年 | 15198篇 |
2010年 | 8627篇 |
2009年 | 8809篇 |
2008年 | 10749篇 |
2007年 | 12871篇 |
2006年 | 4561篇 |
2005年 | 5519篇 |
2004年 | 5184篇 |
2003年 | 5254篇 |
2002年 | 4242篇 |
2001年 | 3963篇 |
2000年 | 3104篇 |
1999年 | 2502篇 |
1998年 | 2184篇 |
1997年 | 2124篇 |
1996年 | 2137篇 |
1995年 | 1987篇 |
1994年 | 1729篇 |
1993年 | 1731篇 |
1992年 | 1902篇 |
1991年 | 1884篇 |
1990年 | 1787篇 |
1989年 | 1812篇 |
1988年 | 1794篇 |
1987年 | 1776篇 |
1986年 | 1680篇 |
1985年 | 2214篇 |
1984年 | 2321篇 |
1983年 | 1941篇 |
1982年 | 2265篇 |
1981年 | 2077篇 |
1980年 | 2128篇 |
1979年 | 2107篇 |
1978年 | 2222篇 |
1977年 | 2108篇 |
1976年 | 2134篇 |
1975年 | 2070篇 |
1974年 | 1908篇 |
1973年 | 2130篇 |
1972年 | 1299篇 |
1971年 | 984篇 |
1968年 | 1061篇 |
1967年 | 1112篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
891.
D.J.T. Hill D.A. Lewis J.H. ODonnell P.W. OSullivan P.J. Pomery 《European Polymer Journal》1982,18(1):75-80
Styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, like many other copolymers containing styrene, exhibit both normal and excimer fluorescence. We have shown that the ratio of the excimer to monomer fluorescence intensities in random styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers is linearly dependent upon the concentration of styrene-styrene bonds in the copolymer. This observation is consistent with a photophysical model which allows the energy absorbed by styrene units to migrate freely along the copolymer chain. Some of the energy is emitted in the form of normal fluorescence; some of the energy, trapped by neighbouring styrene-styrene pairs suitably oriented to allow excimer formation, is emitted as excimer fluorescence. The fluorescence characteristics of acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers are contrasted with those of methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymers, in which the methylmethacrylate sequences are believed to present partial barriers to energy migration along the copolymer chains. 相似文献
892.
The excitation, fluorescence and phosphorescence characteristics of 29 compounds of psychopharmacological interest have been studied in ethanol at 77 k. Phosphorescence lifetimes are reported and the low-temperature luminescence spectra discussed. Luminescence characteristics of several important 1,4-benzodiazepines in acidic, basic and neutral solution are reported. 相似文献
893.
J. G. van Raaphorst A. W. van Weers H. M. Haremaker 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1978,293(5):401-403
Summary The loss of cadmium, antimony and silver during dry ashing of marine weeds, mussels and shrimps was studied with the aid of radioactive tracers. Except for antimony all biological material was labelled by uptake of the radioactive tracers by the organisms while still alive. At an ashing temperature of 500° C and below no significant loss by volatilization of these elements occurs. The results obtained at higher temperatures with cadmium show that the behaviour of this element may depend on the composition of the organic material. Retention on the wall of quartz crucibles did not cause serious losses.
Über den Verlust an Cadmium, Antimon und Silber bei der Trockenveraschung von biologischem Material
Zusammenfassung Mit Hilfe radioaktiver Tracer wurden die Verluste an Cadmium, Antimon und Silber bei der Trockenveraschung von Seetang, Muscheln und Krabben untersucht. Mit Ausnahme von Antimon wurden alle Materialien mit den Tracern durch Aufnahme im lebenden Zustand markiert. Bei Veraschungstemperaturen von 500° C und darunter konnten keine signifikanten Verluste durch Verflüchtigung der Elemente festgestellt werden. Das Verhalten von Cadmium bei höheren Temperaturen kann von der Zusammensetzung des organischen Materials abhängen. Verluste durch Haften an der Wand des Quarztiegels waren unbedeutend.相似文献
894.
K.J.L. Paciorek J. Kaufman J.H. Nakahara T.I. Ito R.H. Kratzer R.W. Rosser J.A. Parker 《Journal of fluorine chemistry》1977,10(4):277-288
2,5-Bis(perfluoro-n-heptyl)-, 2-perfluoroalkylether-5-perfluoro-n-heptyl-, and 2,5-bisperfluoroalkylether-1,3,4-oxadiazoles were synthesized and characterized. 2,5-Bis(perfluoro-n-heptyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazole was thermally and hydrolytically stable at 325°C; however, in the presence of air, degradation took place at 235°C. The perfluoroalkylether analogue exhibited thermal and hydrolytic stability at 325°C; it was found to be unaffected by Jet-A fuel and air at 235°C. At 325°C in air some degradation occured as evidenced by volatiles production, oxygen consumption, and 96% starting material recovery. 相似文献
895.
Summary X-ray diffraction and electron microscopic results on several crystalline polymers which demonstrate elastic properties (polypropylene, Celcon®, poly-4-methyl-pentene) are reported. Photographic small angle X-ray diffraction techniques provided considerable qualitative information, concerning the morphological features of these elastic materials both as extruded, annealed and during extension. Lamellar thickness, thickness distribution and perfection of lamellae could be estimated. Lateral order features and orientation of the lamellar structures were obtainable from the sharpness and length of the equatorial wide angle diffraction arcs. Electron microscopic results essentially confirm the morphological features postulated on the basis of the X-ray results. These morphological features are discussed in terms of a general structural model which appears consistent with the mechanical properties of these materials.
Zusammenfassung Röntgenbeugung und elektronenmikroskopische Daten von einigen kristallinen Polymerprodukten mit elastischen Eigenschaften (Polypropylen, Celcon, Poly-4-methylpenten) werden berichtet. Die photographische Röntgen-Kleinwinkelmethode liefert wichtige qualitative Messungen der morphologischen Struktur dieser elastischen Materialien in den Zuständen sowohl wie hergestellt als auch nach Tempern und während des Dehnungsprozesses. Die Dicke der Lamellen, ihre Dikkenverteilung und die Güte der Lamellen konnten abgeschätzt werden. Die laterale Ordnung und die Orientierung der Lamellen kann aus Weitwinkelbeugungsdaten abgeleitet werden. Die Elektronenmikroskopie bestätigt die Morphologie, die aus Röntgendaten folgt. Ein allgemeines Strukturmodel dieser Morphologie, das im Einklang mit den mechanischen Eigenschaften dieser Produkte steht, wird diskutiert.相似文献
896.
Analysis and classification of individual outdoor aerosol particles with SIMS time-of-flight mass spectrometry 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
J. W. G. Bentz J. Goschnick J. Schuricht H. J. Ache J. Zehnpfennig A. Benninghoven 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1995,353(5-8):603-608
Individual aerosol particles sampled in the north of the city Karlsruhe were analysed with a TOF-SIMS instrument. The results confirmed the integral analysis of many particles [1]. In order to employ a signal pattern analysis of the negative secondary ions for the classification of organic compounds an earlier classification scheme for 5 keV Ar+ bombardment was found to be generally also applicable for the TOF-SIMS conditions. Two main classes of particles were distinguished, which consist of submicron mainly organic particles of vehicle traffic provenance on one side and coarse particles of geogenic sources on the other side. Additionally, the geogenic class could be devided into a fraction consisting of lime soil and a fraction with alumo-silicate soil. A quantification of the class population was performed by counting the particles of different type. 相似文献
897.
Summary Equipment which has been used or suggested for preparative scale chromatography is reviewed. Particular attention is paid to one form of equipment for continuous counter-current chromatography which employs a moving mechanical seal. The theoretical effects of practical operating conditions and the mode of operation of this equipment are discussed. The influence of these effects on polymer fractionation is also considered. A theoretical model, based on the equilibrium stage concept, is proposed for the simulation of continuous gel permeation chromatography of a binary feed on such an apparatus. Examples of the results obtained from the computer simulation are given. 相似文献
898.
When the surface of a Pt electrode is oxidized in aqueous 1 M H2SO4 at +0.8 to +2.0 V vs. SSCE for a few seconds to 10 min, disconnected, washed and dried, and placed in CH3CN solvent, a negative potential scan shows that the surface oxide is reduced in two waves at potentials between?1.2 and?1.6 V vs. SSCE. The combined charge of the two waves amounts to 0.3–2.5 layers of oxide, depending on anodization potential and time. The more easily reduced oxide becomes non-reducible after reaction of the electrode with methyltrichlorosilane. The two oxide waves are interpreted as surface and subsurface oxide layers. 相似文献
899.
Reaction of ethoxymethylene-malonitrile and ethoxymethyleneethyl cyanoacetate, resp., with 4-hydroxy-2-pyridones (1a–b) and 4-hydroxy-2-quinolones (3a–b) leads to 2,5-dioxo-5,6-dihydro-2 H-pyrano[3,2-c]pyridine-(2a–d) and 2,5-dioxo-5,6-dihydro-pyrano[3.2-c]quinoline-derivatives (4a–d), resp.2a–d and4a–d exhibit remarkable visible fluorescence. Absorption- and emmission-data in different solvents are reported. 相似文献
900.
Summary The keto-enol tautomerism of the 2- and 3-isomers of thianaphthenoyltrifluoroacetone has been studied and the results explained by considering the relative negativities of the 2- and 3-position of thianaphthene. The results of the comparison of the keto-enol tautomerism of 3-thianaphthenoyltrifluoroacetone to that of 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone in 80% benzene-20% ethanol may explain in part the greater sensitivity of the former in trace metal analysis.
Zusammenfassung Die Keto-Enol-Tautomerie der 2- und 3-Isomeren des Thianaphthenoyltrifluoracetons wurde untersucht und mit der relativen Negativität der 2- und 3-Stellung des Thianaphtens zu erklären versucht. Der Vergleich der Keto-Enol-Tautomerie von II mit der des 2-Thenoyltrifluoracetons in BenzolÄthanol (80+20) könnte eine Erklärung für die größere Sensitivität von II bei der Spurenmetallanalyse bieten.相似文献