Evolved gas analysis (EGA) of brick clays

Using a system based on non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) detectors, evolved gas analysis (EGA) was able to identify and quantify the principal volatiles produced by heating powdered samples of UK brick clays. From these results, atmospheric emissions likely to result from brick production can be predicted. In addition, EGA results for extruded brick clay test pieces are significantly different from those of powdered samples. Within an extruded brick clay body, evolved gases are contained within a pore system and evolved gas-solid phase reactions also occur. This EGA study provides further evidence on the nature of firing reactions within brick clay bodies. The qualitative and quantitative influence of heating rate — a key process condition in brick manufacture — on gas release is also outlined.Dedicated to Dr. Robert Mackenzie on the occasion of his 75th birthday     

Synthesis, structure, and antimetastatic activity of thetrans-[Pt(NC5H4C(O)NHC2H4ONO2)2Cl2] complex

Thetrans-[Pt(NC₅H₄C(O)NHC₂H₄ONO₂)₂Cl₂] complex (2) was prepared by the reaction of nicorandyl (N-nitroethoxynicotinamide), which is widely used in cardiology, with K₂PtCl₄ in water. The structure of2 was established by X-ray structural analysis. It was found that complex2 exhibits high antitumor activity, in particular, antimetastatic activity, unlike the analogous Cu^II complex with bromine atoms. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1672–1675, September, 1997.     

Large offset far infrared laser lines generation from the C-O stretching Q-branch of 13CD3OD

2 laser of wide tunability to pump ¹³CD₃OD we could observe 10 new far infrared laser lines ranging from 109 μm to 472 μm. The lines were generated by pumping infrared absorbing transitions of large offset appertaining to the C-O stretching Q-branch. All lines were characterised in wavelength, polarisation, optimum pressure of operation and precise offset measurements. Received: 17 September 1996/Revised version: 18 November 1996     

State of and prospects for XeF(C−A) optically pumped lasers

Experimental and theoretical results are presented on an XeF(C?A) blue-green laser driven by 5-kJ energy. The laser was pumped by a ferrite-induced discharge of 90 cm in length. The output energy of 0.22 J was obtained with a plane-parallel resonator. A program to simulate laser operation has been developed. Numerical results for a wide range of conditions are compared with experiments performed by us and by other authors. It is found that intracavity refractive losses limit laser operation for XeF pressures above 3 torr. The laser efficiency strongly depends on the discharge-to-cavity length ratio. Possible ways to increase the laser power and efficiency are discussed.     

Temperature and frequency dependence of the spin-lattice relaxation times of E′1 centers in neutron-irradiated quartz glass

Results are reported for measurements of the spin-lattice relaxation times of E′₁ centers in quartz glass, produced by neutron irradiation, with the measurements made at two frequencies 9.25 and 24.0 GHz over a wide temperature interval 1.5–300 K. The experimental data are interpreted on the basis of interaction mechanisms of the spins with two-level systems with excitation energies ∼6, ∼26, and ∼420 cm⁻¹. A small modification of the existing theory allows us to explain a number of features of the observed temperature and frequency dependence of the relaxation rate. The results are compared with the data available in the literature on spin-lattice relaxation of irradiation centers in crystalline quartz and quartz glass. Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 39, 1335–1337 (August 1997)