Anticancer Properties of Highly Purified l-Asparaginase from Withania somnifera L. against Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia

Withania somnifera L. has been traditionally used as a sedative and hypnotic. The present study was carried out for the purification, characterization, and in vitro cytotoxicity of l-asparaginase from W. somnifera L. l-Asparaginase was purified from the fruits of W. somnifera L. up to 95% through chromatography. The purified l-asparaginase was characterized by size exclusion chromatography, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), and 2D PAGE. The antitumor and growth inhibition effect of the l-asparaginase was assessed using [3-(4, 5-dimethyl-thiazol-2yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide] (MTT) colorimetric dye reduction method. The purified enzyme is a homodimer, with a molecular mass of 72 ± 0.5 kDa, and the pI value of the enzyme was around 5.1. This is the first report of the plant containing l-asparaginase with antitumor activity. Data obtained from the MTT assay showed a LD₅₀ value of 1.45 ± 0.05 IU/ml. W. somnifera L. proved to be an effective and a novel source of l-asparaginase. Furthermore, it shows a lot of similarity with bacterial l-asparaginases EC-2.     

Sulfuric acid immobilized on silica: an efficient reusable catalyst for selective hydrolysis of the terminal O-isopropylidene group of sugar derivatives

Sulfuric acid immobilized on silica proved to be an efficient catalyst for selective hydrolysis of the terminal O-isopropylidene group of sugar derivatives. The method is very simple and economic for large-scale synthesis in which the catalyst is recovered and reused for several runs. Reactions with di-O-isopropylidene derivatives of d-glucose, d-mannose, d-fructose and l-sorbose led to the formation of the corresponding mono-O-isopropylidene derivatives in good to excellent yields.     

Stability constants of the aqueous mono-fluoride complexes of Pu(III) and Am(III) and their correlation with other metal ions

The stability constants of the aqueous mono-fluoride complexes of Pu(III) and Am(III) have been measured using the distribution method. A correlation of the available stability constants of fluoride complexes of trivalent actinides, up to Cf, with fundamental properties like charge and radii of the metal ion has been discussed. Good correlation within the group and as a part of other metal ions was obtained only for transplutonium elements. The reported stability constant values measured by potentiometry and the value obtained by distribution for Pu³⁺ appear to be much higher than expected from this correlation. However, a better correlation was obtained with transplutonium elements when effective charge instead of formal charge was considered for Pu³⁺ in the BSE function.     

An Efficient and Convenient Synthesis of Imidazolines and Benzimidazoles via Oxidation of Carbon‐Nitrogen Bond in Water Media

The metal coordination complex K₄[Fe(CN)₆] is an efficient and environmentally benign catalyst for the synthesis of imidazolines and benzimidazoles from various aldehydes and 1,2‐diamines in aqueous medium at room temperature. This protocol gives excellent yield of product with desired purity.     

Oxadiazole: Synthesis,characterization and biological activities

The synthesis of novel achiral and chiral amides incorporating 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring are reported. All the synthesized amides are characterized ¹H, ¹³C, FTIR and elemental analysis techniques. Synthesized compounds are screened for microbial and cytotoxic activities.     

Robust sample average approximation

Mathematical Programming - Sample average approximation (SAA) is a widely popular approach to data-driven decision-making under uncertainty. Under mild assumptions, SAA is both tractable and enjoys...     

Compositional dependence of structural parameters,polyhedral distortion and magnetic properties of gallium ferrite

We show the effect of composition on the structure, polyhedral distortion and magnetic characteristics of pure phase polycrystalline Ga_2?xFe_xO₃ (GFO) for compositions between 0.8≤x≤1.3. X-ray analysis reveals that lattice parameters of GFO exhibit a linear dependence on Fe content in single phase region indicating manifestation of Vegard's law. Upon changing the composition, a rather small change in the overall unit cell volume (～1%) appears to be an outcome of a competition between changing trends of various polyhedra. Increasing Fe content of the samples also leads to stretching of the bonds as indicated by the Raman peak shifts. Further, low temperature magnetic measurements show that the coercivity of the samples is maximum for Ga:Fe ratio of 1:1 driven by a competition between decreasing crystallite size and increasing magnetic anisotropy.     

Severe climate sway in coherent CDMA-OSSB-FSO transmission system

Free space optics (FSO) link at high transmission rate is delimited due to its perceptivity to diversified surroundings especially in hilly regions. A demonstration of CDMA-FSO coherent detection system is reported in this work to achieve a prolonged 10 Gbps-FSO link with acceptable SNR under the impact profound haze, rain and fog environment. Further, the work is extended to weigh the proposed CO-CDMA-OSSB-FSO transmission system against OFDM-OSSB-FSO direct detection system 0045 and 0050.