The effect of dissipation on coherent quantum tunnelling in a double-well system: Two-level model using an adjoint equation approach

We examine the effect of dissipation on coherent quantum tunnelling between the two lowest levels of a double-well system using an adjoint equation approach developed previously in the treatment of quantum-optical problems. Dissipation is modelled by a linear coupling to a bath of harmonic oscillators. The high frequency portion of the bath is adiabatically eliminated using a cumulant expansion technique, which generates frequency renormalisation terms. Making a low temperature assumption, an approximate two-level model is developed in the form of three coupled stochastic differential equations. With a decorrelation approximation, the two-level equations can be solved to yield familiar results. However, the adjoint equation also permits the use of direct stochastic simulation as a means of solution, and simulations are carried out for a range of parameters. A comparison with the decorrelation approximation is made.     

Synthesis of polynitrogenated analogues of glucopyranoses from levoglucosan

Polynitrogenated analogues of glucopyranoses were synthesised from levoglucosan. These compounds are useful intermediates for the synthesis of new aminoglycoside mimetics.     

First synthesis of arylpyrrolo- and pyrazolopyrrolizinones as useful agents with potential biological interest

Novel arylpyrrolo- and pyrazolopyrrolizinones were prepared in three or four steps starting from aminoarylpyrrole and pyrazole carboxylates through the cyclisation of a Vilsmeier-Haack intermediate. This synthesis was enhanced by diverse N-protections of the aza-heterocycle and furnish new series with potential biological interest.     

An iterative procedure for differential analysis of gene expression

Microarrays are a popular technology to study genes that are differentially expressed between two conditions. In this Note, we propose an iterative procedure to determine the biggest subset of non-differentially expressed genes. We prove a pseudo Markov relationship that allows practical computations. We obtain explicit expressions for FDR and the level of the proposed test at each step. To cite this article: A. Bar-Hen, S. Robin, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, Ser. I 337 (2003).     

Total Positivity Properties of Generalized Hypergeometric Functions of Matrix Argument

In multivariate statistical analysis, several authors have studied the total positivity properties of the generalized (₀ F ₁) hypergeometric function of two real symmetric matrix arguments. In this paper, we make use of zonal polynomial expansions to obtain a new proof of a result that these ₀ F ₁functions fail to satisfy certain pairwise total positivity properties; this proof extends both to arbitrary generalized ( _r F _s ) functions of two matrix arguments and to the generalized hypergeometric functions of Hermitian matrix arguments. In the case of the generalized hypergeometric functions of two Hermitian matrix arguments, we prove that these functions satisfy certain modified pairwise TP₂properties; the proofs of these results are based on Sylvester's formula for compound determinants and the condensation formula of C. L. Dodgson [Lewis Carroll] (1866).     

Reducing system of parameters and the Cohen-Macaulay property

Let R be a local ring and let (x ₁, …, x _r) be part of a system of parameters of a finitely generated R-module M, where r < dim_R M. We will show that if (y ₁, …, y _r) is part of a reducing system of parameters of M with (y ₁, …, y _r) M = (x ₁, …, x _r) M then (x ₁, …, x _r) is already reducing. Moreover, there is such a part of a reducing system of parameters of M iff for all primes P ε Supp M ∩ V _R(x ₁, …, x _r) with dim_R R/P = dim_R M − r the localization M _P of M at P is an r-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay module over R _P. Furthermore, we will show that M is a Cohen-Macaulay module iff y _d is a non zero divisor on M/(y ₁, …, y _d−1) M, where (y ₁, …, y _d) is a reducing system of parameters of M (d:= dim_R M).     

Low-energy fission investigated in reactions of 750 AMeV 238U-ions on 208Pb. II: Isotopic distributions

Projectile fission of 750 AMeV ²³⁸U-ions interacting with a Pb target was studied by means of the spectrometer FRS, GSI-Darmstadt. One of the two fission fragments was detected with a transmission of few percent and identified in mass and charge. Low-energy fission (E^* < 25 MeV) events were selected by their magnetic rigidity. Whereas the production of asymmetric fission events is dominated by the GDR excitation, very asymmetric fission and symmetric fission take place after a GQR or DGDR excitation or after a nuclear interaction. Cross sections of more than 250 isotopes were measured. Isotopic distributions of low-energy fission were reconstructed for elements from Se to Te. The fission modes SI, SII and SL were clearly shown in these distributions and in the mass and TKE distributions. Charge polarization and mass dispersion were deduced for each fission mode. Finally, the characteristics of the low-energy fission process explain the production rates of neutron-rich species. Received: 14 July 1997 / Revised version: 6 October 1997