Evaluation of Nutritional Substances and Investigation of Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Potentials of Boerhavia diffusa with in Silico Molecular Docking

Boerhavia diffusa L. Nyctanginaceae (B. diffusa) is a medicinal herb commonly considered as a weed. The exploration of phytochemicals in different parts of B. diffusa with different solvents will create awareness, along with the suitable solvent and method for extraction of pharmaceutical compounds. Hence, the present study focuses on phytochemical analysis of B. diffusa leaves, stems, and roots in various solvents with hot and cold extraction. The decoctions performed well in most of the qualitative and quantitative tests, along with the DPPH assay. The aqueous extract showed a good result in the FRAP assay and ABTS assay. In the antimicrobial test, the B. diffusa root ethanol extract inhibited the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus with zones of inhibition of about 8 mm and 20 mm at 200 µg concentration, respectively. Using a molecular docking approach, the top four ranked molecules from the crude extract of B. diffusa profiled from GC–MS spectroscopy in terms of growth inhibition of the pathogenic bacterium P. aeruginosa were selected; among them, 2-(1,2 dihydroxyethyl)-5-[[2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltridecyl)-3,4-dihydrochromen-6-yl]oxy]oxolane-3,4-diol exhibited the minimum binding score, revealing high affinity in complex. B. diffusa is highly nutritious, and the maceration and decoction extracts were similar except for the chloroform extract that was found to be weak.     

Synthesis of Metabolites and Related Substances of Rabeprazole,an Anti-Ulcerative Drug

Rabeprazole sodium (Aciphex®) is a gastric proton pump inhibitor used for the prevention and treatment of gastric acid–related diseases. During the synthesis of bulk drug of rabeprazole sodium, we have observed metabolites rabeprazole sulfide and rabeprazole sulfone and related substances rabeprazole-N-oxide, rabeprazole sulfone-N-oxide, N-aralkyl rabeprazole, chloro rabeprazole, and methoxy rabeprazole as impurities in the drug substance. The present work describes the synthesis and characterization of these compounds.     

Free radical ring-opening polymerization and its use to make biodegradable polymers and functionally terminated oligomers

Since a carbon-oxygen double bond is considerably more stable than a carbon-carbon double bond, it has been possible to use this driving force to promote free radical ring-opening polymerization of unsaturated heterocyclic compounds. This process, for the first time, has permitted the introduction of functional groups, such as esters, amides and carbonates, into the backbone of addition polymers. Hydrolysis of the copolymers with common monomers produced oligomers capped with hydroxyl, amino or carboxylic acid groups. The presence of an ester group in a copolymer, such as in a copolymer of ethylene, render the copolymer biodegradable.