Analysis of current voltage characteristics of MWIR homojunction photodiodes for uncooled operation

Dark currents n⁺/ν/p⁺ Hg_0.69Cd_0.31Te mid wave infrared photodiodes were measured at room temperature. The diodes exhibited negative differential resistance at room-temperature, but with increasing leakage currents as a function of reverse bias. The current–voltage characteristics were simulated and fitted by incorporating trap assisted tunneling via traps and Shockley–Read–Hall generation recombination process due to dislocations in the carrier transport equations. The thermal suppression of carriers was simulated by taking energy level of trap (E_t), trap density (N_t) and the doping concentrations of n⁺ and ν regions as fitting parameters. Values of E_t and N_t were 0.78E_g and ～6–9 × 10¹⁴ cm^?3 respectively for most of the diodes. Variable temperature current voltage measurements on variable area diode array (VADA) structures confirmed the fact that variation in zero bias resistance area product (R₀A) is related to g–r processes originating from variation in concentration and kind of defects that intersect a junction area.     

Palladium catalyzed reaction in aqueous DMF: synthesis of 3-alkynyl substituted flavones in the presence of prolinol

(S)-Prolinol facilitated the coupling reaction of terminal alkynes with 3-iodoflavone under palladium-copper catalysis in aqueous DMF affording a mild and convenient method for the synthesis of 3-alkynyl substituted flavones of potential biological interest.     

On finite groups whose every proper normal subgroup is a union of a given number of conjugacy classes

Let G be a finite group andA be a normal subgroup ofG. We denote by ncc(A) the number ofG-conjugacy classes ofA andA is calledn-decomposable, if ncc(A)= n. SetK _G = {ncc(A)|A ⊲ G}. LetX be a non-empty subset of positive integers. A groupG is calledX-decomposable, ifK _G =X. Ashrafi and his co-authors [1-5] have characterized theX-decomposable non-perfect finite groups forX = {1, n} andn ≤ 10. In this paper, we continue this problem and investigate the structure ofX-decomposable non-perfect finite groups, forX = {1, 2, 3}. We prove that such a group is isomorphic to Z₆, D₈, Q₈, S₄, SmallGroup(20, 3), SmallGroup(24, 3), where SmallGroup(m, n) denotes the mth group of ordern in the small group library of GAP [11].     

β-Selective Glucosylation in the Absence of Neighboring Group Participation: Influence of the 3,4-O-Bisacetal Protecting System

A 3,4-O-bisacetal 2,6-di-O-benzyl protected thioglucoside is converted to the corresponding glucosyl triflate with 1-benzenesulfinyl piperidine and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride. The moderate to excellent β-selectivity exhibited with this glucosyl triflate with a range of alcohols is generally higher than that observed with the more electronically disarmed corresponding 3,4-O-carbonate, for which a possible reason is advanced.     

Calcium-Dependent Translocation of S100B Is Facilitated by Neurocalcin Delta

S100B is a calcium-binding protein that governs calcium-mediated responses in a variety of cells—especially neuronal and glial cells. It is also extensively investigated as a potential biomarker for several disease conditions, especially neurodegenerative ones. In order to establish S100B as a viable pharmaceutical target, it is critical to understand its mechanistic role in signaling pathways and its interacting partners. In this report, we provide evidence to support a calcium-regulated interaction between S100B and the neuronal calcium sensor protein, neurocalcin delta both in vitro and in living cells. Membrane overlay assays were used to test the interaction between purified proteins in vitro and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays, for interactions in living cells. Added calcium is essential for interaction in vitro; however, in living cells, calcium elevation causes translocation of the NCALD-S100B complex to the membrane-rich, perinuclear trans-Golgi network in COS7 cells, suggesting that the response is independent of specialized structures/molecules found in neuronal/glial cells. Similar results are also observed with hippocalcin, a closely related paralog; however, the interaction appears less robust in vitro. The N-terminal region of NCALD and HPCA appear to be critical for interaction with S100B based on in vitro experiments. The possible physiological significance of this interaction is discussed.     

Segregated assemblies in bridged electron-rich and electron-poor pi-conjugated moieties

We report a general strategy for the spontaneous segregation of electron-rich and electron-poor pi-conjugated moieties using mutually phobic aliphatic fluorocarbon-hydrocarbon interactions.