Through-Space Spin Coupling in a Silver(II) Porphyrin Dimer upon Stepwise Oxidations: AgII⋅⋅⋅AgII,AgII⋅⋅⋅AgIII,and AgIII⋅⋅⋅AgIII Metallophilic Interactions

Metallophilic interactions between closed-shell metal ions are becoming a popular tool for a variety of applications related to high-end materials. Heavier d⁸ transition-metal ions are also considered to have a closed shell and can be involved in such interactions. There is no systematic investigation so far to estimate the structure and energy characteristics of metallophilic interactions in Ag^II/Ag^II (d⁹/d⁹), Ag^III/Ag^III (d⁸/d⁸), and mixed-valent Ag^II/Ag^III (d⁹/d⁸) complexes, which have been demonstrated in the present study. Both interporphyrinic and intermetallic interactions were investigated on stepwise oxidation by using a rigid ethene-bridged cis silver(II) porphyrin dimer and the results compared with those for highly flexible ethane-bridged analogues. By controlling the nature of chemical oxidants and their stoichiometry, both 1e and 2e oxidations were done stepwise to generate Ag^II/Ag^III mixed-valent and Ag^III/Ag^III porphyrin dimers, respectively. Unlike all other ethene-bridged metalloporphyrin dimers reported earlier, in which 2e oxidation stabilizes only the trans form, such an oxidation of silver(II) porphyrin dimer stabilizes only the cis form because of the metallophilic interaction. Besides silver(II) ⋅⋅⋅ silver(II) interactions in cis silver(II) porphyrin dimer, stepwise oxidations also enabled us to achieve various hitherto-unknown silver(II) ⋅⋅⋅ silver(III) and silver(III) ⋅⋅⋅ silver(III) interactions, which thereby allow significant modulation of their structure and properties. The strength of Ag ⋅⋅⋅ Ag interaction follows the order Ag^II/Ag^II (d⁹/d⁹)<Ag^II/Ag^III (d⁹/d⁸)<Ag^III/Ag^III (d⁸/d⁸). Single-crystal XRD, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ¹H NMR and EPR spectroscopy, and variable-temperature magnetic investigations revealed various oxidation states of silver and metallophilic interactions, which are also well supported by computational analysis.     

Spectroscopic Investigation of Tungsten Ions in Lead Scandium Phosphate Glass System

Lead scandium phosphate glasses (PbO-Sc₂O₃-P₂O₅) containing different concentrations of tungsten oxide (WO₃) ranging from 0 to 5 mol% were prepared. A number of studies, viz. differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared spectra, optical absorption, and electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra, have been carried out. The results of DTA indicated the highest glass forming ability for the glass containing 5 mol% of WO₃. The results of spectroscopic studies have been analyzed in light of different oxidation states of tungsten ions.     

A review of bioanalytical methods for chronic lymphocytic leukemia drugs and metabolites in biological matrices

Quantitation of drugs used for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia in various biological matrices during both pre-clinical and clinical developments is very important, often in routine therapeutic drug monitoring. The first developed methods for quantitation were traditionally done on LC in combination with either UV or fluorescence detection. However, the emergence of LC with mass spectrometry in tandem in early 1990s has revolutionized the quantitation as it has provided better sensitivity and selectivity within a shorter run time; therefore it has become the choice of method for the analysis of various drugs. In this article, an overview of various bioanalytical methods (HPLC or LC–MS/MS) for the quantification of drugs for the treatment of chronic lymphocytic leukemia, along with applicability of these methods, is given.     

Biomolecular docking,antimicrobial and cytotoxic studies on new bidentate schiff base ligand derived metal (II) complexes

Three new metal complexes [Cu(L)₂] (1), [Co(L)₂] (2) and [Zn(L)₂] (3) have been prepared by the reaction of hydrated salts of metal (II) acetate with new Schiff base ligand HL, [2‐((4‐(dimethylamino)phenylimino)methyl)‐4,6‐di‐t‐butylphenol] and characterized by different physico‐chemical analyses such as elemental analysis, single XRD, ¹H NMR, FTIR and UV–Vis spectroscopic techniques. Their biomolecular docking, antimicrobial and cytotoxicity studies have also been demonstrated. The proposed structure of Schiff base ligand HL and complex 2 are confirmed by Single crystal X‐ray crystallography study. This analysis revealed that metal (II) complexes remain in distorted tetrahedral coordination environments. The electronic properties such as HOMO and LUMO energies are carried out by gaseous phase DFT/B3LYP calculations using Gaussian 09 program. Complex 1 showed a good binding propensity to the DNA and HSA, during the assessment of docking studies. Schiff base ligand HL and its metal (II) complexes, 1–3 screened for their in vitro antimicrobial activities using the disc diffusion method against selected microbes. Complex 1 shows higher antimicrobial activity than complexes 2, 3 and Schiff base ligand HL. According to the results obtained from the cytotoxic studies, Schiff base ligand HL and its metal (II) complexes 1–3 have better cytotoxicity against MCF‐7 cell lines with potency higher than the currently used chemotherapeutic agent cyclophosphamide.     

Existence of positive solution for a sixth–order differential system with variable parameters

This paper investigates the existence of positive solutions for a sixth-order differential system with three variable parameters. Using a fixed point theorem and an operator spectral theorem we give some new existence results.     

Novel phenothiazine-based chalcone derivatives with various N-substituted rhodanines induce growth inhibition followed by apoptosis in leukemia cells

Research on Chemical Intermediates - Eight new series of novel phenothiazine-based chalcone derivatives with various N-substituted rhodanines (10a–g to 17a–g) were synthesized by...