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91.
Yury Rodimkov Evgeny Efimenko Valentin Volokitin Elena Panova Alexey Polovinkin Iosif Meyerov Arkady Gonoskov 《Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)》2021,23(1)
When entering the phase of big data processing and statistical inferences in experimental physics, the efficient use of machine learning methods may require optimal data preprocessing methods and, in particular, optimal balance between details and noise. In experimental studies of strong-field quantum electrodynamics with intense lasers, this balance concerns data binning for the observed distributions of particles and photons. Here we analyze the aspect of binning with respect to different machine learning methods (Support Vector Machine (SVM), Gradient Boosting Trees (GBT), Fully-Connected Neural Network (FCNN), Convolutional Neural Network (CNN)) using numerical simulations that mimic expected properties of upcoming experiments. We see that binning can crucially affect the performance of SVM and GBT, and, to a less extent, FCNN and CNN. This can be interpreted as the latter methods being able to effectively learn the optimal binning, discarding unnecessary information. Nevertheless, given limited training sets, the results indicate that the efficiency can be increased by optimizing the binning scale along with other hyperparameters. We present specific measurements of accuracy that can be useful for planning of experiments in the specified research area. 相似文献
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Sergey S. Patrushev Tatyana V. Rybalova Igor D. Ivanov Valentin A. Vavilin Elvira E. Shults 《Tetrahedron》2017,73(19):2717-2726
The eudesmane-type methylene lactones (isoalantolactone, alantolactone, 4,15-epoxyisoalantolactone, 2′,2′-dichloro-4H-spiro[cyclopropane-1′,4-eudesma-11(13)-en-8β,12-olide], and alantolactone) react with 8-bromoxanthines (8-bromocaffeine, 8-bromotheobromine, 8-bromo-3-butyltheobromine, 8-bromotheophylline, 8-bromo-9-butyltheophylline) under Heck reaction conditions to produce the target (E)-13-(2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-8-yl)eudesma-4(15),11(13)-dien-8β,12-olides and the subsequent endocyclic isomers - 11-(2,6-dioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-purin-8-yl)-13-normethyleudecma-4(15)-7(11)-dien-8α,12-olides. It was revealed that the yield and product ratio depends on the reaction conditions and the structure of methylene lactone. The effectiveness of Pd(OAc)2–caffeine catalytic system has been demonstrated in this reaction. The electric eel acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the eudecmanolide-xanthine hybrids was evaluated. Among the new type bisheterocycles compound 27 with butyl and 2-oxodecahydronaphtho[2,3-b]furan-3(2H)-ylidene)methyl substituents at C-7 and C-8 of the xanthine core showed moderate activity with IC50 value of 40 μM. 相似文献
96.
Dmitry S. Perekalin Valentin V. Novikov Maddalena Corsini Alexander R. Kudinov 《Journal of organometallic chemistry》2010,695(8):1200-1204
The reactions of benzo-15-crown-5 and dibenzo-18-crown-6 with 1 equiv. of [(mes)Ru(MeNO2)3]2+ (mes = 1,3,5-C6H3Me3) give the mononuclear complexes [(mes)Ru(η6-benzo-15-crown-5)]2+ (1) and [(mes)Ru(η6-dibenzo-18-crown-6)]2+ (2) in 50% yield. Similar reaction with 2 equiv. of [(mes)Ru(MeNO2)3]2+ produces the dinuclear complex [(μ-η6:η6-dibenzo-18-crown-6)Ru2(mes)2]4+ (3) in 96% yield as a 2:3 mixture of cis- and trans-isomers. Structures of 2(OTf)2 and trans-3(OTf)4 were confirmed by X-ray diffraction. The NMR titration showed that mononuclear dications 1 and 2 bind Na+ ion less effective (Ka = 600 and 250 M-1) than free benzo-15-crown-5 and dibenzo-18-crown-6 (Ka = 2 × 105 and 5 × 106 M−1). The dinuclear tetracation 3 does not bind Na+ within measurable limits of NMR titration method. The electrochemical behaviour of complexes 1-3 was studied in propylene carbonate solution. They exhibit a partially chemically reversible Ru(II)/Ru(I) reduction, which in the case of the dinuclear complex 3 proceeds through two slightly separated steps. The redox activity of the complexes is substantially unaffected by the presence of sodium ion. 相似文献
97.
Odysseas Paschos Alexander N. Simonov Alesya N. Bobrovskaya Moritz Hantel Matthias Rzepka Petra Dotzauer Anton N. Popov Pavel A. Simonov Valentin N. Parmon Ulrich Stimming 《Electrochemistry communications》2010,12(11):1490-1492
The electrocatalytic activity of bimetallic BiPd catalysts supported on Sibunit carbon towards hydrogen oxidation/evolution reactions (HOR/HER) was studied in a gas diffusion electrode (GDE) setup. Catalysts were synthesized by deposition of Pd on the carbon support, followed by impregnation of Pd/C precursor with Bi(NO3)3 solution and reduction in hydrogen. Transmission electron microscopy and local EDX elemental analysis revealed that BiPd/C catalysts contain bimetallic particles with narrow size distribution with maxima at 3.2–4.1 nm. X-ray diffraction evidenced that bimetallic particles are constituted by Pd–Bi solid solution. It was shown that modification of Pd/C by bismuth increases the specific activity of palladium towards HOR/HER by a factor of 3. 相似文献
98.
Levina EV Kalinovsky AI Dmitrenok PS Martyyas EA Stonik VA 《Natural product communications》2010,5(11):1737-1742
New steroid glycosides, hylodoside A (1) and novaeguinoside Y (2), along with previously known polyhydroxylated steroids (3-7) were isolated from the ethanolic extracts of the starfish Leptasterias hylodes reticulata and Culcita novaeguineae (juvenile). The structures have been elucidated using 1D and 2D NMR spectra (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY-45, 1D-TOCSY, HSQCGP, ROESY, HSQC and HMBCGP) and mass spectrometry. Compound 3 was shown to inhibit the growth of Staphylococcus aureus up to 10% from the control at a concentration of 1 mg/mL. Steroids 1, 2 and 5 showed moderate hemolytic activity in the mouse erythrocytes assay. Compounds 3, 4 and 6 displayed pH-depended hemolytic properties. 相似文献
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Francesco Napoli Dr. Mario Chiesa Dr. Elio Giamello Prof. Gloria Preda Dr. Cristiana Di Valentin Dr. Gianfranco Pacchioni Prof. 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2010,16(23):6776-6785
The formation of O2? radical anions by contact of O2 molecules with a Na pre‐covered MgO surface is studied by a combined EPR and quantum chemical approach. Na atoms deposited on polycrystalline MgO samples are brought into contact with O2. The typical EPR signal of isolated Na atoms disappears when the reaction with O2 takes place and new paramagnetic species are observed, which are attributed to different surface‐stabilised O2? radicals. Hyperfine sublevel correlation (HYSCORE) spectroscopy allows the superhyperfine interaction tensor of O2?Na+ species to be determined, demonstrating the direct coordination of the O2? adsorbate to surface Na+ cations. DFT calculations enable the structural details of the formed species to be determined. Matrix‐isolated alkali superoxides are used as a standard to enable comparison of the formed species, revealing important and unexpected contributions of the MgO matrix in determining the electronic structure of the surface‐stabilised Na+? O2? complexes. 相似文献