Shell effects in the symmetric-modal fission of pre-actinide nuclei

Mass distributions of fragments in the low-energy fission of nuclei from ¹⁸⁷Ir to ²¹³At have been analysed. This analysis has shown that shell effects in symmetric-mode fragment mass yields from the fission of pre-actinide nuclei could be described if one assumes the existence of two strongly deformed neutron shells in the arising fragments with neutron numbers N₁ ≈ 52 and N₂ ≈ 68. A new method has been proposed for quantitatively describing the mass distributions of the symmetric fission mode for pre-actinides with A ≈ 180–220.     

On nonspecular “total internal reflection” of powerful electromagnetic waves

It is shown that the nonstable character of nonlinear interaction of a system of waves similar to that resulting from double stimulated Brillouin scattering is retained upon the oblique incidence of a powerful electromagnetic wave on a layer of supercritical plasma. In this case we have nonlinear back reflection from a layer of supercritical plasma. The threshold intensity of the pump wave is greater than that in the case of subcritical plasma for TE polarization waves but can markedly decrease for waves polarized in the incidence plane. Instability is possible only for a layer of finite thickness.Radiophysical Research Institute, Nizhny Novgorod. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 38, Nos. 3–4, pp. 298–303, March–April, 1995.     

Optical detection of NO3 and NO2 in “pure” HNO3 vapor,the liquid-phase decomposition of HNO3

Flowing and static gas-phase samples of HNO₃ in O₂ and N₂ were analyzed by long-path ultraviolet/visible (UV/VIS) spectroscopy to reveal the presence of both NO₂ and NO₃, the concentrations of which were calculated using differential absorption cross sections. NO₂ is produced predominantly by the heterogeneous decomposition of HNO₃, whereas NO₃ is generated in the gas phase by the thermal decomposition of N₂O₅, a product of the self-disproportionation of liquid HNO₃. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Solution of the Problem of Convecitve Heat Exchange for A Two-Dimensional Body in A Low-Prandtl-Number Fluid Flow

It is shown that the exact solution of the problem of convective heat exchange in a low-Prandtl-number fluid flow (Pr ? 1) can be obtained for a two-dimensional body of arbitrary shape provided that the conformal mapping relating the body contour with a circle is known. By way of example, the Joukowsky airfoil is considered.     

On finite convolutions of singular distributions and a “singular analog” of the Jessen-Wintner theorem

We study the fractal properties of a convolution of two Cantor distributions. By using the method of characteristic functions, we establish sufficient conditions for the singularity of the convolution of an arbitrary finite number of distributions of random variables with independent s-adic digits. We disprove the hypothesis on the validity of a “singular analog” of the Jessen-Wintner theorem for anomalously fractal distributions. Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 50, No. 8, pp. 1082–1088, August, 1998. The present work was partially supported by the International Soros Program of Educational Support in Exact Sciences (grant No. APU 061086).     

Homogeneous Stäckel-type systems

A class of Hamiltonian dynamic systems integrated by the variable separation method is considered. The integration for this class is the inversion of an Abel mapping on hyperelliptic curves. We prove that the derivative of the Abel mapping is the Stäckel matrix, which determines a diagonal Riemannian metric and curvilinear orthogonal coordinate systems in a flat space. Lax representations with the spectral parameter are constructed. The corresponding classicalr-matrices are dynamic. It is shown how the class of pointwise canonical transformations can be naturally generalized using the Abel integral reduction theory.     

Constructing a model transport equation for a massless bose gas and its analytic solution

A model kinetic equation is constructed for the transport of a massless Bose gas. This equation is applied to solve the boundary value problem for the transport of radiation in the half-space occupied by a dispersive medium that is in local thermal equilibrium with the radiation. It is shown that the difference in temperature between the dispersive medium and the incident radiation substantially depends on the character of the scattering properties of the particles in the medium. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 111, No. 3, pp. 462–472, June, 1997.     

Transfer theorems and the algebra of modal operators

A set theory ZFI′ which does not employ the Law of the Excluded Middle φ ∀ ⊥ φ, for all φ, retians the stock of expressive capacities of the classical set theory ZF, on the one hand, and has many of the features of an effective theory on the other. In the article, a broad class of formulas σ is constructed for which ZF ⊥ σ implies ZFI′ ⊥ σ. This result provides a generalization of Friedman's theorem on AE-arithmetic formulas. Besides, we prove transfer theorems of classical logic for the case of rings; in particular, Hilbert's theorem on zeros and Artin's theorem on ordered fields are extended to the case of regular f-rings, and we bring in appropriate upper bounds for them. Supported by RFFR grant No. 93-012-1027. Translated fromAlgebra i Logika, Vol. 36, No. 3, pp. 282–303, May–June, 1997.     

Application of synthetic reference materials in the medical radiological research centre

The contents of 21 chemical elements (Ag, Br, Ca, Cl, Co, Cr, Cs, Fe, Hg, K, Mg, Mn, Na, P, Rb, Sb, Sc, Se, Sr, Zn, Zr) in synthetic reference materials (SRMs) were compared with those in natural reference materials (NRMs) using short- and long-lived radionuclides. SRMs called synthetic standards (SSs) and synthetic standards, biological (SSBs) were prepared on the basis of phenol-formaldehyde resol resins in the Institute of Physics, Georgian Academy of Science. The NRMs included such IAEA reference materials as H-4 (animal muscle), A-13 (animal blood), H-5 (animal bone), SL-1 (lake sediment), SOIL-7 (soil), A-9 (mixed human diet), and IAEA-153 (milk powder). It was shown that SSB-SRMs possessed good representativity of the 30–50 mg tablets, high precision, operational convenience, and could be recommended for the INAA of a wide range of medico-biological and bioecological objects.