全文获取类型
收费全文 | 215226篇 |
免费 | 1773篇 |
国内免费 | 627篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 117922篇 |
晶体学 | 3270篇 |
力学 | 8349篇 |
综合类 | 6篇 |
数学 | 23305篇 |
物理学 | 64774篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 1970篇 |
2019年 | 2263篇 |
2018年 | 3205篇 |
2017年 | 3113篇 |
2016年 | 4267篇 |
2015年 | 2371篇 |
2014年 | 3818篇 |
2013年 | 9260篇 |
2012年 | 6891篇 |
2011年 | 8435篇 |
2010年 | 6071篇 |
2009年 | 5921篇 |
2008年 | 8136篇 |
2007年 | 8206篇 |
2006年 | 7629篇 |
2005年 | 6936篇 |
2004年 | 6166篇 |
2003年 | 5641篇 |
2002年 | 5497篇 |
2001年 | 5939篇 |
2000年 | 4684篇 |
1999年 | 3470篇 |
1998年 | 3007篇 |
1997年 | 3033篇 |
1996年 | 2823篇 |
1995年 | 2319篇 |
1994年 | 2419篇 |
1993年 | 2450篇 |
1992年 | 2595篇 |
1991年 | 2657篇 |
1990年 | 2559篇 |
1989年 | 2533篇 |
1988年 | 2463篇 |
1987年 | 2434篇 |
1986年 | 2357篇 |
1985年 | 3037篇 |
1984年 | 3194篇 |
1983年 | 2559篇 |
1982年 | 2827篇 |
1981年 | 2703篇 |
1980年 | 2503篇 |
1979年 | 2718篇 |
1978年 | 2833篇 |
1977年 | 2856篇 |
1976年 | 2832篇 |
1975年 | 2687篇 |
1974年 | 2665篇 |
1973年 | 2810篇 |
1972年 | 1875篇 |
1967年 | 1830篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
171.
E. N. Sobol’ O. I. Baum A. V. Bol’shunov V. I. Sipliviy N. Yu. Ignat’eva O. L. Zakharkina V. V. Lunin A. I. Omel’chenko V. A. Kamenskiy A. V. Myakov 《Laser Physics》2006,16(5):735-740
A new approach to alterations in eye refraction upon nondestructive laser action on the sclera and cornea is studied. It is demonstrated in in vivo experiments on rabbit eyes that sequential laser irradiation of the sclera and cornea yields a significant alteration in the eye refraction. The collagen structure of the sclera and cornea is studied after the nondestructive laser action with noninvasive polarization-sensitive optical coherence tomography. It is demonstrated that collagen fibers that provide for the cornea tension and applanation partially survive in the zone of the local denaturation of sclera. An irradiation mode that corresponds to an increase in the cornea’s plasticity and does not cause visible structural changes is chosen. The simplest theoretical model for alterations in the eye refraction upon the nonablative laser action on sclera is analyzed. The alteration in the cornea curvature upon stretching resulting from the local sclera coagulation and the corresponding decrease in its volume is calculated. The model makes it possible to approximately estimate the laser irradiation modes that provide the desired alterations in eye refraction. 相似文献
172.
On Quantum Team Games 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
E. Ahmed M. F. Elettreby A. S. Hegazi 《International Journal of Theoretical Physics》2006,45(5):880-886
Recently Liu and Simaan (2004) convex static multi-team classical games have been introduced. Here they are generalized to both nonconvex, dynamic and quantum games. Puu's incomplete information dynamical systems are modified and applied to Cournot team game. The replicator dynamics of the quantum prisoner's dilemma game is also studied. 相似文献
173.
We present the design and study of waveguide structures based on porous silicon where the light confinement is not due to the usual total reflection effect but to the use of photonic crystals (PCs) as confining walls. These PC are omnidirectional mirrors (OMs), consisting of the periodic repetition of two porous silicon layers with different refractive indices and thicknesses. They reflect the radiation for all angles of incidence within a frequency range called the omnidirectional band gap (OBG). We have followed the PC formalism to investigate the properties of the OM as a multimode waveguide: the number of modes within the band gap, their field spatial distribution and their confinement as a function of the frequency and the core thickness. 相似文献
174.
Analytical expressions are obtained that describe the changes in the degree of coherence and in the thickness of the coherence layers occurring upon propagation of a dispersed broadband laser beam. It is found that the greater the tilting of the coherence layers with respect to the phase fronts, the more rapidly the spatial coherence is violated with increasing distance. A comparison with the case of an undispersed beam is performed. It is shown that, as the beam propagates, the decrease in the degree of coherence is accompanied by the appearance of spatial fluctuations of this parameter. The degree of mutual coherence of intersecting dispersed beams with parallel correlated coherence layers, which determines the efficiency of their coherent interaction, is investigated. The existence of spatial fluctuations of the degree of mutual coherence is established. 相似文献
175.
A. V. Semykin I. A. Kazarinov E. A. Khomskaya 《Russian Journal of Electrochemistry》2006,42(6):643-648
The hydrogen ionization process is studied experimentally on an industrial sintered nickel oxide electrode in models of sealed nickel-metal hydride batteries. It is shown that the hydrogen ionization rates that are reached during overcharge by high current densities in conditions of forced gas delivery into the electrode pores (up to 40 mA cm?2) exceed the self-discharge rate of a nickel-hydrogen battery by two orders of magnitude. Up to 70% of hydrogen delivered into the compact assembly block undergoes ionization during forced charge of models of sealed nickel-metal hydride batteries with a closed hydrogen cycle. Two independent methods (potentiostatic and manometric) are used to determine the relationship between rates of hydrogen ionization with the degree of the electrode filling with gas and perform estimation of the process intensity at a unit reaction surface. It is established that, in conditions of forced gas delivery, practically all the hydrogen oxidation current is generated at the surface of the nickel oxide electrode beneath thin films of an electrolyte solution at the rate of 4–5 mA cm?2. It is shown that the hydrogen oxidation rate on a nickel oxide electrode filled in part by gas is independent of the electrode potential, probably because of a tangible contribution made by diffusion limitations to the overall hampering of the process. 相似文献
176.
The molding processes of polymer melts involve geometrically complex dies. Such dies are usually tapered or streamlined to achieve a maximum output rate under conditions of laminar flow. The model of a generalized second-grade fluid of power-law type is used and the results obtained are illustrated by examples of convergent flows in conical and wedge-shaped dies. 相似文献
177.
E. L. Patsevich 《Journal of Mathematical Sciences》2002,110(5):3013-3015
Some estimates of derivatives are sharpened for quasiconformal reflections of a special class of simply connected plane domains. Bibliography: 2 titles. 相似文献
178.
179.
Ahmed M. A. El-Sayed Mohamed A. E. Aly 《Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computing》2002,9(2):525-533
The fractional order evolutionary integral equations have been considered by the first author in [6], the existence, uniqueness and some other properties of the solution have been proved. Here we study the continuation of the solution and its fractional order derivative. Also we study the generality of this problem and prove that the fractional order diffusion problem, the fractional order wave problem and the initial value problem of the equation of evolution are special cases of it. The abstract diffusion-wave problem will be given also as an application. 相似文献
180.
F.E. SalmanN. Shash H. Abou El-HadedM.K. El-Mansy 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2002,63(11):1957-1966
AC conductivity and dielectric studies on vanadium phosphate glasses doped with lithium have been carried out in the frequency range 0.2-100 kHz and temperature range 290-493 K. The frequency dependence of the conductivity at higher frequencies in glasses obeys a power relationship, σac=Aωs. The obtained values of the power s lie in the range 0.5≤s≤1 for both undoped and doped with low lithium content which confirms the electron hopping between V4+ and V5+ ions. For doped glasses with high lithium content, the values of s≤0.5 which confirm the domination of ionic conductivity. The study of frequency dependence of both dielectric constant and dielectric loss showed a decrease with increasing frequency while they increase with increasing temperature. The results have been explained on the basis of frequency assistance of electron hopping besides the ionic polarization of the glasses. The bulk conductivity increases with increasing temperature whereas decreases with increasing lithium content which means a reduction of the V5+. 相似文献