Infrared spectroscopy for the study of urinary calculi

The occurance of the urinary stones varies according to the geographical regions. The presence of stones in the urinary system causes pain and discomfort. These generate colics and hence are sometimes life threatening. In the present study, infrared measurements have been made on several stone samples. It has been found that calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, magnesiunm ammonium phosphate, calcium carbonate, uric acid, -cystine and xanthin are present, as expected. Also, silicon dioxide is found to be present in some of the stones but in small quantity, in addition to the above constituents. This constituent is responsible to exhibit piezoelectricity in the urinary calculi.     

Vinyl polymerization of acrylonitrile by the Ce(IV)-glucose redox system

Aqueous polymerization of acrylonitrile (M) initiated by the Ce(IV)-glucose (R) redox system has been studied under nitrogen in the temperature range of 30–40 °C. The rate of polymerization (Rp) is proportional to [M]², [R] and inversely proportional to [Ce(IV)]. The rate of ceric ion disappearance is proportional to [R] and [Ce(IV)]. The end group in the polymer is characterised by IR spectra. A suitable kinetic scheme has been proposed and explained in the light of these experimental findings.     

Complexation of 6-Deoxy-6-(aminoethyl)amino-β-cyclodextrin with Sodium Cholate and Sodium Deoxycholate

In order to study its guest binding and the inclusion phenomena, 6-deoxy-6-(aminoethyl)amino--cyclodextrin (CDN) was synthesised and its binding properties examined. The complexation phenomena of sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) with CDN has been monitored by the NMR method using ¹³C chemical shift data. The method of continuous variation Job's method has been used to determine the stoichiometry of these supramolecular complexes. The Job's plot confirms the 1 : 1 supramolecular complex for NaC: CDN and the 1 : 2 supramolecular complex for NaDC: CDN. The interaction of NaC and NaDC with CDN has been obtained through two-dimensional Rotational Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy (ROESY) NMR. Equilibrium constants were also obtained from ¹³C chemical shift data (C-1, C-3 & C-4) at different pH values (7, 9, & 11).     

Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterisation of Six-Coordinate Complexes of Oxovanadium(V)

Complexes of the types VO(L)(R-deaH), VO(R-dea)(LH), and VO(L)(OGOH)[L = deprotonated form of N-(1-hydroxyethyl) naphthaldimine; R-dea = deprotonated form of a N-substituted diethanolamine, with R = H or Ph; G = CH₂CH₂, CHMeCHMe, CMe₂CMe₂, CHMeCH₂CMe₂, CMe₂CH₂CH₂CMe₂] have been prepared by the equimolar reactions of VO(OPr ⁱ )₃, LH₂, and an appropriate diethanolamine or glycol in benzene. All of these coloured solid complexes have been characterised by elemental (C, H, N, and V) analyses and by spectroscopic (i.r., electronic, ¹H-, ⁵¹V-n.m.r) studies. The relative lability of the hydroxy group(s) of N-(1-hydroxyethyl)naphthaldiamine, diethanolamine, and glycol has also been investigated.