全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1333篇 |
免费 | 16篇 |
国内免费 | 11篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 951篇 |
晶体学 | 20篇 |
力学 | 20篇 |
数学 | 164篇 |
物理学 | 205篇 |
出版年
2020年 | 15篇 |
2019年 | 12篇 |
2018年 | 12篇 |
2017年 | 12篇 |
2016年 | 15篇 |
2015年 | 13篇 |
2014年 | 19篇 |
2013年 | 40篇 |
2012年 | 57篇 |
2011年 | 59篇 |
2010年 | 47篇 |
2009年 | 31篇 |
2008年 | 52篇 |
2007年 | 43篇 |
2006年 | 38篇 |
2005年 | 42篇 |
2004年 | 39篇 |
2003年 | 40篇 |
2002年 | 26篇 |
2001年 | 16篇 |
2000年 | 26篇 |
1999年 | 24篇 |
1998年 | 23篇 |
1997年 | 28篇 |
1996年 | 34篇 |
1995年 | 33篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 22篇 |
1992年 | 28篇 |
1991年 | 20篇 |
1990年 | 20篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 19篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 22篇 |
1985年 | 29篇 |
1984年 | 29篇 |
1983年 | 26篇 |
1982年 | 18篇 |
1981年 | 17篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 20篇 |
1978年 | 27篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 19篇 |
1974年 | 19篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
1969年 | 13篇 |
1968年 | 12篇 |
排序方式: 共有1360条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
61.
Ingo Hartenbach Falk Lissner Tanja Nikelski Steffen F. Meier Helge Müller‐Bunz Thomas Schleid 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2005,631(12):2377-2382
About Lanthanide Oxotantalates with the Formula MTaO4 (M = La – Nd, Sm – Lu) Besides being a by‐product of solid state syntheses in tantalum ampoules the lanthanide(III) oxotantalates of the formula MTaO4 can be easily prepared by sintering lanthanide sesquioxide M2O3 and tantalum(V) oxide Ta2O5 with sodium chloride as flux. Under these conditions two structure types emerge depending upon the M3+ cationic radius. For M = La – Pr the MTaO4‐type tantalates crystallize in the space group P21/c with lattice constants of a = 762(±1), b = 553(±4), c = 777(±4) pm, β = 101(±1)° and four formula units per unit cell. With M = Nd, Sm – Lu, the monoclinic cell dimensions (space group P2/c) shrink to the lattice constants like a = 516(±9), b = 551(±9), c = 534(±9) pm, β = 96.5(±0.3)° and there are only two formula units present. Both structures show a coordination sphere of eight oxygen atoms for the lanthanide trications shaped as distorted square antiprism for the structure with the larger lanthanides (in the following referred to as A‐type) and as trigonal dodecahedron for the structure with the smaller ones (called as B‐type in the following). The coordination environment about the Ta5+ cations can be described as a slightly distorted octahedron (CN = 6) for the A‐type structure of MTaO4 and a heavily distorted one (CN = 6) for the B‐type. The difference between the two types results from the interconnection of these [TaO6]7? octahedra. Whereas they are connected via four vertices to form corrugated layers according to parallel the bc‐plane in the A‐type, the octahedra of the B‐type MTaO4 structure share edges to built up zig‐zag chains along the c axis. 相似文献
62.
Summary A strategy was developed which uses the adduct of ozone and triphenyl phosphite as a substitute for photochemically generated singlet oxygen in ene reactions of olefins. The resulting allylic hydroperoxide can be conveniently reduced by a second mole of phosphite to yield the corresponding allylic alcohol. The aryl phosphate produced as the by-product can either be recycled by reduction or used itself as a commodity. As an example, the two key steps of the rose oxide synthesis involving singlet oxygen can thus be reduced to a one pot procedure. With respect to the reaction mechanism, additional arguments for the direct reaction of the olefin with the phosphite ozonide were gathered. A simple decomposition of the ozonide to produce singlet oxygen was made rather unlikely.
Ozon als Sauerstoffquelle für En-Reaktionen von Olefinen
Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine Strategie zum Ersatz von photochemisch erzeugtem Singlett-Sauerstoff durch das Addukt aus Ozon und Triphenylphosphit zum Einsatz in En-Reaktionen von Olefinen entwickelt. Das entstehende allylische Hydroperoxid kann durch ein zweites Molekül Phosphit einfach zum entsprechenden allylischen Alkolhol reduziert werden. Das als Nebenprodukt entstehende Arylphosphat kann entweder durch Reduktion recycliert oder direkt als Handelsware weiterverwendet werden. Auf diese Weise können zum Beispiel die beiden Stufen der Rosenoxidsynthese, an denen Singlett-Sauerstoff beteiligt ist, zu einer Eintopfreaktion vereinfacht werden. Bezüglich des Reaktionsmechanismus wurden zusätzliche Hinweise auf die direkte Reaktion des Phosphitozonids mit dem Olefin gefunden. Eine Zersetzung des Ozonids unter Bildung von Singlettsauerstoff ist nicht wahrscheinlich.相似文献
63.
A single, isocratic high-performance liquid chromatographic method is described for the determination of cocaine and three of its metabolites along with caffeine in serum microsamples (50 microliters). The small sample size permits the tracking of pharmacokinetic data over time in individual, small animals. The method also was used to demonstrate that cocaine, benzoylecgonine and norcocaine in rat serum samples were stable for at least a month without the presence of sodium fluoride. 相似文献
64.
Boca R Boca M Dlhán L Falk K Fuess H Haase W Jarosciak R Papánková B Renz F Vrbová M Werner R 《Inorganic chemistry》2001,40(13):3025-3033
The spin crossover system, [Fe(bzimpy)(2)](ClO(4))(2).0.25H(2)O, was reinvestigated above room temperature (bzimpy = 2,6-bis(benzimidazol-2-yl)pyridine). The system exhibits an abrupt low-spin to high-spin transition at T(c) = 403 K. Liberation of a fractional amount of water does not affect the spin crossover: the system is perfectly reversible with a hysteresis width of DeltaT = 12 K. The existence of the hysteresis at such high temperature determines that the lowest limit of the solid-state cooperativity parameter is J/k > 403 K despite long iron(II) separations (10 A). The high cooperativeness has been assigned to a perfect pi-stacking of the benzimidazole rings in the crystal lattice at a distance as short as 3.6 A. Variable-temperature IR data and the heat capacity measurements match well the magnetic data. The thermodynamic properties are DeltaH = 17 kJ mol(-)(1), DeltaS = 43 J K(-)(1) mol(-)(1), so that the entropy of the spin transition shows a considerable contribution from the molecular vibrations. A theoretical model has been applied in fitting the magnetic data along the whole hysteresis path. A statistical distribution of the cooperativity parameter led to the feature that angled walls of the hysteresis loop are well reproduced. 相似文献
65.
Tarek A.?SalamaEmail author Bernd?Lackner Heinz?Falk 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2003,134(8):1113-1119
Summary. An efficient synthesis of tri-O-methylemodin aldehyde was achieved via bromination of tri-O-methylemodin utilizing N-bromosuccinimide yielding the monobromo and dibromo derivatives. Sommelet reaction of the monobromomethyl derivative as well as hydrolysis of the dibromomethyl analog with aqueous silver nitrate afforded the protected aldehyde in good yield. Accordingly, both bromo derivatives can be used even when they are obtained as a mixture of the bromination reaction, which could not be controlled easily to yield the bromo products selectively. From the aldehyde the tri-O-methylemodin nitrile was prepared in a one-pot reaction using hydroxylamine-O-sulfonic acid.Received February 18, 2003; accepted March 3, 2003
Published online June 2, 2003 相似文献
66.
C. Etzlstorfer H. Falk M. Oberreiter 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》1993,124(8-9):923-929
Summary The 1,6-dioxo-tautomer of hypericin was obtained by basic and BF3 catalyzed tautomerization of the natural and most stable 7,14-dioxo-tautomer. The isolation of this tautomer was aided by its insolubility in methanol. It was identified and characterized by spectroscopic methods, and its detailed structure was derived by means of force field calculations.
Zur Tautomerie des Hypericins: Das 1,6-Dioxo-Tautomere
Zusammenfassung Das 1,6-Dioxo-Tautomere des Hypericins wurde durch basen- und BF3-katalysierte Tautomerisierung des natürlichen, stabilen 7,14-Dioxo-Tautomers erhalten. Dessen Isolierung wurde durch die Schwerlöslichkeit in Methanol ermöglicht. Es wurde durch spektroskopische Methoden identifiziert und charakterisiert, und seine detaillierte Struktur wurde aus Kraftfeld-Rechnungen abgeleitet.相似文献
67.
Summary Stepwise electrophilic bromination of hypericin in pyridine as the solvent yields regioselectively 2,5-dibromohypericin, 2,5,9-tribromohypericin, and 2,5,9,12-tetrabromohypericin. The compounds were characterized by means of NMR-, UV-Vis-, and fluorescence-spectra, andpK
a
andpK*
a
measurements. These properties were compared with those of hypericin on the one hand and of the recently isolated gymnochromes on the other hand.
Zur Bromierung des Hypericins: Die Gymnochrom-Chromophore
Zusammenfassung Schrittweise elektrophile Bromierung von Hypericin in Pyridin als Lösungsmittel liefert regioselektiv 2,5-Dibromhypericin, 2,5,9-Tribromhypericin und 2,5,9,12-Tetrabromhypericin. Diese Verbindungen wurden durch NMR-, UV-Vis- und Fluoreszenz-Spektrometrie sowie durchpK a - undpk* a -Messungen charakterisiert. Diese Eigenschaften wurden mit jenen des Hypericins und der kürzlich isolierten Gymnochrome verglichen.相似文献
68.
Interpretation of the chemical and spectral (IR., UV., 1H- and 13C-NMR.) properties of the antitumor antibiotic hedamycin (C41H50N2O11) suggests that the molecule contains a methyl substituted 1-hydroxyanthraquinone nucleus, an α, β-unsaturated ketone, two sugar-like tetrahydropyran rings ( 4 and 8 ) and an aliphatic chain 2 , presumably with an epoxy group (see the Scheme). 相似文献
69.
The syntheses of 1, 2-annelated 1, 4-benzodiazepines (IV, Y = N) and 4, 1-benzoxazepines (IV, Y = 0) are described (Scheme 1). The key step is a nucleophilic aromatic substitution of 2-substituted piperazines (II, Z = N? CH3), piperidines (II, Z = CH2) or pyrrolidines (II, Z= (CH2)0) with activated aryl halides (I). 相似文献
70.
Zusammenfassung Die Dipolmomente und die Temperaturabhängigkeit derNMR-Spektren sowie des Circulardichroismus der Ferrocenbande von optisch aktiven [3]Ferrocenophanen wurden gemessen. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, daß Substituenten (wie CH3) in -Stellung zur Brücke bevorzugte Konformationen derselben bedingen, wobei im Vergleich zur -Substitution (die praktisch keinen Einfluß ausübt) die Aktivierungsenergie der Inversion stark erhöht wird. Diese bevorzugten Konformationen bestimmen auch die optische Aktivität der Ferrocenbande.
Mit 1 Abbildung
29. Mitt., zgl. 50. Mitt. über Ferrocenderivate:H. Falk, Ch. Krasa undK. Schlögl, Mh. Chem.100, 1552 (1969).
2. Mitt.:H. Falk undO. Hofer, Mh. Chem.100, 1540 (1969). 相似文献
Stereochemistry of metallocenes 30. (Ferrocenes, 51). Optically active [3] and [3][3]ferrocenophanes. 3: Conformational analysis of [3]ferrocenophanes
The dipol moments and the temperature dependence of theNMR spectra as well as of the circular dichroism of the ferrocene band of optically active [3]ferrocenophanes were measured. The results revealed that substituents (such as CH3) in -position with regard to the bridge cause preferred conformations (of the bridge); thereby the energy of activation of the inversion as compared with -substitution (which exerts practically no influence) is strongly increased. These preferred conformations determine also the optical activity of the ferrocene band.
Mit 1 Abbildung
29. Mitt., zgl. 50. Mitt. über Ferrocenderivate:H. Falk, Ch. Krasa undK. Schlögl, Mh. Chem.100, 1552 (1969).
2. Mitt.:H. Falk undO. Hofer, Mh. Chem.100, 1540 (1969). 相似文献