NiO@CuO@Cu bilayered electrode: two-step electrochemical synthesis supercapacitor properties

Present work deals with a two-step synthesis and electrochemical properties of nickel oxide @copper oxide@copper (NiO@CuO@Cu) bilayered electrode. In the first step, anodization (40 V for 25 min) of Cu foil has been carried out for forming Cu-hydroxide@Cu which when annealed at 300 °C for 1 h produces CuO@Cu. In the second step, Ni-hydroxide is deposited onto CuO@Cu by applying current density of 0.03 A/cm² for 3 min which when re-annealed at 300 °C for 1 h gives out NiO@CuO@Cu bilayered electrode. Obtained NiO@CuO@Cu bilayered electrode demonstrates separate CuO and NiO phases. The electrochemical properties have obtained using cyclic voltammetry, galvonostatic charge-discharge, and Nyquist plot measurements that reveal an importance of NiO@CuO@Cu as a potential electrode material in the electrochemical supercapacitor application with 58.14, 51.25, and 4.73 F g^?1 values in 0.5 M, NaOH, KOH, and Na₂SO₄ electrolytes, respectively, measured at 2 mVs^?1 scan rate.     

Saccharomyces cerevisiae catalyzed one-pot three component synthesis of 2,3-diaryl-4-thiazolidinones

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (baker’s yeast) catalyzed one-pot three component cyclocondensation of aryl aldehydes, amines, and thioglycolic acid in organic medium leading to 2,3-diaryl 4-thiazolidinones has been carried out for the first time.     

Densitometric Standardization of Herbal Medical Products Containing Evolvulus alsinoides by Quantification of a Marker Compound

JPC – Journal of Planar Chromatography – Modern TLC - A thin-layer chromatographic method with densitometric UV detection at λ = 232 nm has been developed for standardization of...     

Third-order nonlinear optical studies of newly synthesized polyoxadiazoles containing 3,4-dialkoxythiophenes

The third-order nonlinear optical properties of newly synthesized soluble polyoxadiazoles containing 3,4-dialkoxythiophenes were investigated by using Z-scan and degenerate four-wave mixing (DFWM) techniques. The measurements were performed at 532 nm with 7 ns pulses from a Nd:YAG laser. We found a good agreement between the values of χ⁽³⁾ determined from both the experiments. Z-scan results indicate a negative nonlinear refractive index, n₂, whose magnitude is of the order of 10⁻¹⁰ esu for all the copolymers. The variation of nonlinear response among the copolymers clearly indicates the dependence of χ⁽³⁾ on donor and acceptor type of units present in these copolymers. The copolymers exhibit strong reverse saturable absorption and good optical limiting properties at 532 nm.     

Multi-channel gain and noise figure evaluation of Raman/EDFA hybrid amplifiers

We present detailed multi-channel experimental characterization of different configurations of single pump hybrid Raman-erbium doped fiber (EDF) amplifiers. The incorporation of an EDF section in a dispersion compensating Raman amplifier is demonstrated to provide superior performance than Raman only system. It is shown that the multi-channel gain spectrum is quite different form the single-channel case. We have also measured the polarization dependent gain (PDG) of the hybrid amplifier configurations and results show that different configurations of hybrid amplifiers have different PDG effects on long-haul optically amplified link.     

Mass spectrometry of halo-pyrazolium salts

Eleven halogen substituted 1-methyl-2-phenylpyrazolium bromides or chlorides were investigated by field desorption, field ionization, and electron impact mass spectrometry. Dealkylation was found to be the predominant thermal decomposition. An exchange between covalent and ionic halogen prior to dealkylation was observed and is discussed in detail.     

Synthesis, characterization and studies on the nonlinear optical parameters of hydrazones

Three hydrazones, 2-(4-methylphenoxy)-N′-[(1E)-(4-nitrophenyl)methylene]acetohydrazide (compound-1), 2-(4-methylphenoxy)-N′-[(1E)-(4-methylphenyl)methylene]acetohydrazide ((compound-2) and N′-{(1E)-[4-(dimethylamino)phenyl]methylene}-2-(4-ethylphenoxy) acetohydrazide(compound-3) were synthesized and their third order nonlinear optical properties were investigated using a single beam z-scan technique with nanosecond laser pulses at 532 nm. Open aperture data obtained from the three compounds indicates two photon absorption at this wavelength. The nonlinear refractive index n₂, the nonlinear absorption coefficient β, the magnitude of the effective third order susceptibility χ⁽³⁾, the second order hyperpolarizability γ_h and the coupling factor ρ have been estimated. The values obtained are comparable with the values obtained for 4-methoxy chalcone derivatives and dibenzylidene acetone derivatives. Among the compounds studied, compounds-1 and 3 exhibited the better optical power limiting behaviour at 532 nm. Our studies suggest that compounds-1, 2 and 3 are potential candidates for optical device applications such as optical limiters and optical switches.