Synthesis of oxazoline functionalized polypropene using metallocene catalysts

Using two different zirconocene/MAO catalyst systems, propene was copolymerized with the comonomers 2‐(9‐decene‐1‐yl)‐1,3‐oxazoline and 2‐(4‐(10‐undecene‐1‐oxo)phenyl)‐1,3‐oxazoline, respectively. The catalysts used were rac‐Et[Ind]₂ZrCl₂ and rac‐Me₂Si[2‐Me‐4, 5‐BenzInd]₂ZrCl₂. Up to 0.53 mol‐% oxazoline could be incorporated into polypropene. Oxazoline content, molecular weight, degree of isotacticity and melting behavior were dependent on the catalyst system, comonomer structure and comonomer concentration in the feed.     

An Experiment on Averaging in Extinction Measurements

The discrete nature of particles leads to fluctuations, in both space and time, of the radiation transmitted through a disperse system. The result of a transmission or extinction measurement is commonly expressed, however, as an average value and consecutively converted to a concentration measurement. The experiment discussed here shows that different concentration measures (volume concentration and surface concentration) can be obtained from the same measurement, depending on which level of the signal treatment the averaging procedure is introduced.