Studies in the synthesis and interconversion of isomeric triazolothienopyrimidines

4-Hydrazinothieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines were cyclized with triethyl orthoformate and formic acid to give 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidines and 1,2,4-triazolo[2,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidines depending on the reaction conditions employed.     

A facile synthesis of 3-amino-5-substitutedaminoisothiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives

A facile, general and one-pot method for the preparation of 3-amino-5-substituted-aminoisothiazole-4-carboxylic acid derivatives, in high yields, by the aminative cyclization of 3-amino-3-mercaptoacrylonitriles is described.     

Resonance Raman spectroscopy of the neutral radical Trp306 in DNA photolyase

The resonance Raman spectrum of the tryptophan neutral radical in a protein, Escherichia coli photolyase, is reported for the first time. The data compare very well to a solution study and computational predictions, and tentative assignments are made for the observed vibrations. This important new result demonstrates the potential of time-resolved resonance Raman spectroscopy as a powerful tool to investigate these radicals in protein electron-transfer processes and in enzymatic reactions in real time.     

Two photon optogalvanic spectrum of theD-X system of HgBr

Two photon laser optogalvanic spectrum of theD-X system of HgBr molecule has been recorded using Nd-YAG laser pumped dye laser for the first time. A large number of new bands involving higher vibrational levels have been observed. Isotopic heads due to the two bromine isotopes have been observed and used in fixing the vibrational assignment. Vibrational constants for theX andD states of the two isotopic molecules have been determined.     

An experimental investigation of inhomogeneities in resonant infrared matrix-assisted pulsed-laser deposited thin polymer films

Thin polymer films are deposited using matrix-assisted pulsed-laser evaporation and subsequently are characterized by scanning electron and atomic force microscopies. An Er : YAG laser (2937 nm, 350 μs) is used as a light source and the effect of the energy density supplied by the laser on the morphology of the deposited films is investigated. It is found that the appearance of undesirable non-uniform morphological features arises from either poor solubility of the guest molecules or insufficient energy density provided by the laser to vaporize the entire ejected volume. In addition, the surface roughness of two guest–host systems is found to depend linearly on the polymer concentration. These results allow us to better understand earlier work in the field and to establish a framework by which MAPLE films may be improved.     

Entropic Mixing Allows Monomeric-Like Absorption in Neat BODIPY Films

Intermolecular interactions play a crucial role in materials chemistry because they govern thin film morphology. The photophysical properties of films of organic dyes are highly sensitive to the local environment, and a considerable effort has therefore been dedicated to engineering the morphology of organic thin films. Solubilizing side chains can successfully spatially separate chromophores, reducing detrimental intermolecular interactions. However, this strategy is also significantly decreasing achievable dye concentration. Here, five BODIPY derivatives containing small alkyl chains in the α-position were synthesized and photophysically characterized. By blending two or more derivatives, the increase in entropy reduces aggregation and therefore produces films with extreme dye concentration and, at the same time almost solution like absorption properties. Such a film was placed inside an optical cavity and the achieved system was demonstrated to reach the strong exciton-photon coupling regime by virtue of the achieved dye concentration and sharp absorption features of the film.     

Studies on the synthesis and interconversion of isomeric triazolotheinopyrimidines. Part II. Effect of 5-substituents on the dimroth rearrangement of 1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidines

The triazolothienopyrimidines obtained by the cyclization of 4-hydrazino-2-phenylthieno[2,3-d]pyrimidines with triethyl orthoformate or formic acid presumed to be the triazolo[2,3-c] isomers are now assigned the 5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[4,3-c]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidine structure. While these [4,3-c]triazoles resist isomerization under acidic conditions, they undergo isomerization to 5-phenyl-1,2,4-triazolo[2,3-e]thieno[3,2-e]pyrimidines under basic conditions.     

Reaction of nitriles under acidic conditions. Part III. A facile synthesis of thienopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones

A variety of thiophene o-aminoesters were reacted with cyanates, thiocyanates, cyanamides, acyl cyanides and α-functionalized acetonitrile derivatives to yield the corresponding 2-substituted thienopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones.     

Overtone spectroscopy of benzaldehyde

The vibrational overtone spectra of aryl and alkyl C-H stretch vibrations in benzaldehyde have been studied using conventional IR and thermal lensing technique at room temperature. The stretching vibrational frequencyω _e, anharmonicity constantω _e x _e and the dissociation energies of the two C-H bonds have been calculated. The bond length of C-H bond in aryl position has been estimated.     

Studies on the synthesis and interconversion of isomeric triazolothienopyrimidines. Part III. Cyclization reactions of 2-amino-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thiophenes

Isolation of 2-amino-3-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-3-yl)thiophenes in the hydrolytic cleavage reactions of isomeric triazolothienopyrimidines is reported. The 2-amino-3-triazolylthiophenes on reaction with one carbon donors were found to cyclize to 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-c]thienopyrimidines, exclusively.