Representation of Nonequilibrium Steady States in Large Mechanical Systems

Recently a novel concise representation of the probability distribution of heat conducting nonequilibrium steady states was derived. The representation is valid to the second order in the “degree of nonequilibrium”, and has a very suggestive form where the effective Hamiltonian is determined by the excess entropy production. Here we extend the representation to a wide class of nonequilibrium steady states realized in classical mechanical systems where baths (reservoirs) are also defined in terms of deterministic mechanics. The present extension covers such nonequilibrium steady states with a heat conduction, with particle flow (maintained either by external field or by particle reservoirs), and under an oscillating external field. We also simplify the derivation and discuss the corresponding representation to the full order.     

Synthesis of polycyclic compounds utilizing the nickel-catalysed alkynylstannylation of 1,2-dienes

Polycyclic compounds having linearly-fused six-membered rings can be readily prepared by various modes of cyclization from dienediynes, which were synthesized through the nickel-catalysed alkynylstannylation of 1,2-dienes followed by the palladium-catalysed oxidative homocoupling of the resulting alkenylstannanes.     

A p-phosphinophenolate ligand for the palladium-catalysed arylation of alkenes

A triphenylphosphine having a strong electron-donating group, an oxyanion, at the para position of one of the benzene rings was found to show much higher efficiency compared with other structurally related triarylphosphines in the palladium-catalysed arylation of alkenes.     

Synthesis and coordination behavior of Cu(I) bis(phosphaethenyl)pyridine complexes

Cu(I) complexes bearing BPEP as a PNP-pincer type phosphaalkene ligand undergo effective bonding interactions with SbF(6)(-) and PF(6)(-) as non-coordinating anions to give [Cu(SbF(6))(BPEP)] and [Cu(2)(BPEP)(2)(μ-PF(6))](+), respectively [BPEP = 2,6-bis(1-phenyl-2-phosphaethenyl)pyridine]. NMR and theoretical studies indicate a reduced anionic charge of the μ-PF(6) ligand, which is induced by the strong π-accepting ability of BPEP.