Investigation of the formation process of nanosized particles of Ru(III)

^17O, ³⁵Cl, ¹³³Cs NMR spectroscopy, static magnetic susceptibility measurements, EXAFS, UV spectroscopy, pH measurements, and electron microscopy are applied to investigate alkaline hydrolysis of aqueous K₂[RuCl₅H₂O]. It is found that on addition of a base ligand substitution is accompanied by polycondensation processes which afford filament structures consisting of Ru(OH)₄Cl₂ octahedra bonded by single OH-bridges. When polynuclear compounds are sorbed on the surface of carbonic substrates, the filaments aggregate into nanosized particles which have a diameter of approximately 2.0 nm with a narrow size distribution.     

Baric dependence of the isothermal compressibility of liquid diols and monoethanolamine

The isothermal compressibility of three terminal diols, monoethanolamine, and water is measured on a unique setup with direct compression at 298 K in a pressure range of 0.1–300 MPa. The lowest baric dependence is determined for ethylene glycol; the highest, for 1,4-butanediol. The crystallization of this diol at ～80 MPa is observed for the first time. The obtained data are discussed from the viewpoint of the stability of the hydrogen bond networks in the investigated liquids.     

Antireflection coatings produced on silicate glass from silicon dioxide sols with addition of poly(propylene glycols) at gel annealing temperature of 200°C

Thin transparent nanoporous silicon dioxide films with low refractive index (1.26–1.30) were formed on a glass substrate by deposition of a formulation that is based on silicon dioxide sol with addition of poly(propylene glycols) at a low gel annealing temperature of 200°C. The maximum optical transmission of glass with these antireflection coatings is 97.5–98.7%.     

Modified sol-gel method for synthesis of mesoporous silicon dioxide and study of the optical properties of antireflection coatings based on this material

The kinetics of sedimentation of aqueous kaolin dispersion in the presence of multicomponent fl occulating additives was studied. Binary and ternary mixtures based on poly-1,2-dimethyl-5-vinylpyridinium methyl sulfate, poly-N,N-dimethyl-N,N-diallylammonium chloride, and poly-N,N,N-trimethyl-Nmethacryloyloxyethylammonium methyl sulfate were used as flocculants. The synergistic effect of the cationic polyelectrolytes in such multicomponent systems was revealed.     

Microwave plasmochemical synthesis of nanopowders in the system Pb-Zr-Ti-O

Conditions for building up the composition and structure of mixed Pb, Zr, and Ti oxides in a microwave plasma-chemical process were studied. As starting substances Pb(C₂H₅)₄, Ti(C₄H₉O)₄, and a 80% Zr(C₄H₉O)₄ solution in 2-propanol were used. To avoid stratification of the components the initial temperature of the flow should not exceed 1000°C. Under these conditions the crystallization of a complex structure requires a combination of a plasma-chemical synthesis with subsequent thermal treatment of the resulting powders. After the thermal treatment an average particle size of lead zirconate-titanate nanopowder was 120 nm.     

A reflection interferometer with transmission-like characteristics as an element of interferometric gravitational wave detectors

It is proposed to replace the Fabry-Perot interferometers incorporated into the combined Fabry-Perot-Michelson interferometer (FPMI) by transmission-like reflection interferometers (TRIs), creating bright (transmission-like) interference fringes in the reflected light. TRIs employ asymmetric metal-dielectric mirrors with a “matching” absorbing layer. The calculations show that the shot noise-limited sensitivity of an FPMI with TRIs is nearly as high as that of a conventional FPMI (for the same quality of dielectric coatings). In the presence of scattered light or when the laser and interferometer modes are not coupled well enough, the new version of the FPMI offers considerable advantages due to the mode-filtering properties of a TRI.     

Structure of liquid ethylene glycol

The structure of liquid ethylene glycol (EG) was studied by the vibrational spectroscopy and isothermal compressibility techniques. Raman spectra were recorded at 296 K, IR spectra were measured at 296 and 90 K, and the isothermal compressibility was measured over a pressure range of 0.1–300 MPa. The results obtained were compared with analogous data for water. The structure of liquid EG is discussed using the available literature data on the conformation of its molecule in the gas phase and X-ray diffraction data for crystalline EG. It was concluded that liquid EG has a three-dimensional network of hydrogen bonds, which is more uniform and less mobile compared to water, a feature that explains why the viscosity of EG is high.