示波器观测动态磁滞回线实验中曲线描绘浅析

给出了示波器观测铁磁材料物质磁滞回线的基本原理,针对实验中常见的错误,介绍了如何选取合理的数据并快速描绘磁滞回线的技巧。     

Effect of trabecular bone material properties on ultrasonic backscattering signals

In this study, ultrasonic backscattering signals in cancellous bones were obtained by finite difference time domain （FDTD） simulations, and the effect of trabecular material properties on these signals was analyzed. The backscatter coefficient （BSC） and integrated backscatter coefficient （IBC） were numerically investigated for varying trabecular bone material properties, including density, Lame coefficients, viscosities, and resistance coefficients. The results show that the BSC is a complex function of trabecular bone density, and the IBC increases as density increases. The BSC and IBC increase with the first and second Lame coefficients. While not very sensitive to the second viscosity of the trabeculae, the BSC and IBC decrease as the first viscosity and resistance coefficients increase. The results demonstrate that, in addition to bone mineral density （BMD） and microarchitecture, trabecular material properties significantly influence ultrasonic backseattering signals in cancellous bones. This research furthers the understanding of ultrasonic backscattering in cancellous bones and the characterization of cancellous bone status.     

Coupled-channel analysis for 20.4 MeV energy of p-<Superscript>64</Superscript>Zn inelastic scattering

In this study, a coupled-channel (CC) analysis of the elastic and the inelastic scattering of 20.4 MeV polarized protons from a ⁶⁴Zn target leading to the deformed 2⁺, 3−, 2₂⁺2_2^+ states was performed. The CC potential parameters and the deformation parameters of the excited states corresponding to the best fit to the experimental differential cross-sections and the analysing powers data were determined. For 2₂⁺2_2^+ excited state, a mixed type was used and a good fit to the data was provided. The CC calculation results were compared to the pure distorted wave Born approximation (DWBA) calculation results which were calculated using the new parameters. All calculations were conducted using the computer code ECIS06.     

超声导波评价长骨骨折的仿体实验研究

定量超声评价长骨骨折已成为近年来的研究热点之一,超声导波模式转换理论可被应用于长骨骨折状况的评价。采用三维时域有限差分法分析骨折长骨中导波模式转换的基本规律,提取模式转换定量评价参数;进而结合亚克力管仿体实验,分析不同裂纹程度下导波模式的转换情况。仿真与仿体实验表明,导波模式能量参数与裂纹程度具有很好的相关性,可用于评价长骨骨折状况。     

The Picard Theorem on S-metric spaces

Recently, the notion of an S-metric space is defined and extensively studied as a generalization of a metric space. In this paper, we define the notion of the S∞-space and prove its completeness. We obtain a new generalization of the classical "Picard Theorem".     

吡咯亚胺配体与过渡金属的反应性及其催化烯烃聚合

在经典的Brookhart吡啶双亚胺后过渡金属烯烃聚合催化剂基础上,用吡咯五元环代替吡啶六元环骨架可得到具有不同电子效应的新型吡咯亚胺配体.通过吡咯环特殊的电子效应和位阻效应可设计出种类繁多的有别于吡啶亚胺配体的配合物.综述了吡咯亚胺配体与前过渡金属(Ti,Zr等)、后过渡金属(Fe,Co,Ni,Pd等)、稀土金属(Y...     

时频方法分析长骨中的超声导波及皮质骨厚度

超声导波在长骨中传播时,接收信号中含有相互叠加的多个导波模式。本文提出将希尔伯特-黄变换(HHT)用于分析叠加的多模式导波信号,将其分解成许多单个独立的模式,然后对分解出的模式求得其对应频率下的群速度,并与短时傅里叶变换所得的结果进行比较。通过与理论计算结果比较,可得到长骨皮质骨的厚度。研究结果表明,实验得到的厚度与实际厚度一致。说明通过测量导波模式的速度可以评价皮质骨的厚度,也说明HHT方法是一种识别叠加多模式导波信号的有效方法。      

Detection of long bones based on Barker code excited ultrasonic guided waves

Single pulse excited ultrasonic guided wave surfers high attenuation during the propagation in long bones.This results in small amplitude and low signal-to-noise ratio(SNR)of measured signals.Thus,the Barker code excitation is introduced into long bone detection to improve the quality of received signals,due to its efficiency in increasing amplitude and SNR.Both simulation and in vitro experiment were performed,and the results were decoded by the weighted match filter(WMF) and the finite impulse response- least squares inverse filter(FIRLSIF),respectively.The comparison between the results of Barker code excitation and sine pulse excitation was presented.For 13-bit Barker code excitation,WMF produced 13 times larger amplitude than sine pulse excitation,while FIR-LSIF achieved higher peak-sidelobe-level(PSL) of —63.59 dB and better performance in noise suppression.The results show that the Barker code excited guided waves have the potential to be applied to the long bone detection.     

Study on the mean trabecular bone spacing based on fundamental frequency estimation method

Ultrasonic backscatter signals from the cancellous bone can be used to diagnose osteoporosis effectively due to its ability to provide the information of bone microstructure. Mean trabecular bone spacing(MTBS)is one of the important parameters for characterization of bone microstructure.This paper proposed a MTBS estimating method based on the fundamental frequency estimation,which was applied to backscatter signals from simulations, and in vitro bovine trabeculae.The estimated MTBS were compared with those of simplified inverse filter tracking(SIFT)algorithm and autoregressive(AR)cepstrum method.The results demonstrated that the proposed method is very robust for the MTBS estimation with more precise estimates and smaller estimated variance in the presence of a small signal-to-noise ratio (SNR),and a large scattering strength ratio of diffuse scatterers to regular ones.     

骨折长骨中超声导波传播特性的仿真研究

采用超声导波评价长骨骨折已成为近两年来的一个研究热点.本文采用混合边界元方法(HBEM)对超声导波在骨裂长骨中的传播情况以及各导波模式的反射系数和透射系数进行了数值分析.研究结果表明,入射导波模式经由裂纹处模式转换后依然保持为主要接收模式不变.对某一裂纹,各模式透射系数常在相近的频率点上达到局部峰值.对于不同深宽比(d/w)裂纹,某些模式透射系数曲线局部峰值所对应的频率存在着相互错开的现象,这些结果可用于选择最优入射导波模式和频率,以便更好地定量评价骨质以及骨裂状况.